"Buffalo Bill" Cody: Woyambitsa waku West West wokopa alendo

mbiri ya hotelo
mbiri ya hotelo

Mbiri ya Hotelo: Irma Hotel

William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody (1846-1917) anali nthano yaku America, mlenje wa njati, scout aboma, wowonetsa ku Wild West, wokwera pony Express komanso wopanga mahotelo. Mu 1902, Cody anatsegula Irma Hotel yotchedwa mwana wake wamkazi. Amayembekezera kuchuluka kwa alendo obwera ku Cody, Wyoming, pa Burlington Railway yomwe yangomangidwa kumene. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri aku America ankadziwa za Buffalo Bill yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha chiwonetsero chake cha Wild West, analinso wolimbikitsa zokopa alendo ku Yellowstone National Park.

Bambo ake atamwalira, Bill Cody adakhala wokwera wa Pony Express ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zinayi. Pa Nkhondo Yachiŵeniŵeni ku America, iye anatumikira mu Union Army kuyambira 1863 mpaka 1865. Pambuyo pake, iye anatumikira monga scout wamba wa Asilikali US pa Nkhondo za Indian ndipo anapatsidwa Mendulo ya Ulemu mu 1872 chifukwa gallantry.

Nthano ya Buffalo Bill inayamba kufalikira ali ndi zaka makumi awiri. Posakhalitsa, adayamba kuchita ziwonetsero za cowboy zomwe zidali ndi magawo ochokera kumalire ndi Indian Wars. Anayambitsa Buffalo Bill's Wild West mu 1883, atatenga kampani yake yaikulu pa maulendo ku United States ndipo kuyambira 1887 ku Great Britain ndi continental Europe. Anayendera ku Ulaya maulendo asanu ndi atatu kupyolera mu 1906. Chiwonetserocho chinapambana kwambiri ku Ulaya, zomwe zinapangitsa Cody kukhala wotchuka padziko lonse komanso chifaniziro cha America. Mark Twain anati, "Nthawi zambiri zimanenedwa kumbali ina yamadzi kuti palibe ziwonetsero zomwe timatumiza ku England ndi za America zokhazokha. Ngati mungatenge chiwonetsero cha Wild West kumeneko mutha kuchotsa chitonzo chimenecho. ”

Atatsegula Irma Hotel mu 1902, Cody anamaliza kumanga Wapiti Inn ndi Pahasca Teepee mu 1905 mothandizidwa ndi wojambula, woweta komanso wopereka chithandizo kwa Abraham Archibald Anderson. Kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m’ma 1870, Anderson anaphunzira za luso ku Paris, choyamba ndi Léon Bonnat, kenako pansi pa Alexandre Cabanel, Fernand Cormon, Auguste Rodin, ndi Raphaël Collin. Anderson anayamba kutchuka chifukwa cha zithunzi zake. Chithunzi chake cha 1889 cha Thomas Alva Edison chili mu National Portrait Gallery ku Washington DC.

Mu 1900, Anderson analamula kuti nyumba ya Bryant Park Studios ya nsanjika 10 ya New York ipangidwe ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga Charles A. Rich. Ili kumwera kwa Bryant Park, mazenera ake owolowa manja ndi denga lalitali adapangidwa makamaka kwa akatswiri ojambula. Anderson anakhalabe ndi suite yake pamwamba mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake. Bryant Park Studios inakhala yotchuka nthawi yomweyo, ndipo olemba nyumba anali John LaFarge, Frederick Stuart Church, Winslow Homer, Augustus Saint-Gaudens ndi William Merritt Chase. Nyumbayo ikadalipobe.

Atabwerera ku United States m’nyengo yachilimwe, Anderson anagula malo kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Wyoming ndi kuwapanga kukhala Palette Ranch. Adapanga yekha famu ya alendo a William "Buffalo Bill" Cody Pahaska Teepee, ndi nyumba yake, Anderson Lodge. Malo ogona amenewo adakhala likulu loyamba loyang'anira nkhalango ya Yellowstone mu 1902, pomwe Purezidenti Roosevelt adatcha Anderson kukhala Mtsogoleri Wapadera wa Forest Reserves. Anderson adathandizira kwambiri kuteteza ndi chitukuko cha dera la Yellowstone.

Malowa anali pamtunda wamakilomita 50 pakati pa Cody ndi chipata chakum'mawa kwa Yellowstone Park pa Yellowstone Trail yomwe idalengezedwa kuti ndi "makilomita 50 okongola kwambiri ku America" ​​ndi Purezidenti Theodore Roosevelt. Pahaska Tepee inamangidwa pakati pa 1903 ndi 1905 ngati malo osaka nyama komanso hotelo yachilimwe ndipo yalembedwa pa National Historic Register. Dzina lake linachokera ku mawu akuti “pahinhonska” (dzina la Chilakota la Buffalo Bill) kutanthauza “tsitsi lalitali la m’mutu,” ndi “teepee” (lodge) zomwe zinachititsa kuti “Longhair’s Lodge”. Idamangidwa pambuyo pa Chicago-Burlington-Quincy Railroad spur line ndi msewu waboma wopita ku Cody utatha.

Wapiti Inn inali mkati mwa kukwera ngolo ya tsiku limodzi kuchokera ku Cody ndipo Pahaska Teepee inali mkati mwa ulendo wa masiku awiri. Magalimoto anali oletsedwa kuchokera ku Yellowstone mpaka 1915 kotero kuti Pahaska Teepee inali yomaliza kuyimitsa magalimoto olowa mu Park. Magalimoto ochulukirapo ataloledwa kulowa mu Yellowstone, kugona kwa Wapiti Inn kunatsika ndipo hoteloyo idagwetsedwa. Mitengoyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba yayikulu ku Pahaska Teepee. Kapangidwe kake ka Teepee ndi nyumba yansanjika ziwiri yotalika mapazi 83.5 ndi 60 mapazi. Nyumbayi ikuyang'ana kum'maŵa, pansi pa chigwa cha Mtsinje wa Shoshone. Mulingo waukulu wazunguliridwa ndi makonde kumpoto, kumwera ndi kum'mawa ndi khomo lalikulu lomwe lili pakhonde lakum'mawa. Zitseko ziwirizi zimalowera muholo yomwe imafikira padenga lomwe lili ndi poyatsira mwala mbali ina. Chipinda chodyera chili kuseri kwa poyatsira moto. Nyumbayi yazunguliridwa ndi zipinda za mezzanine. Kachipinda kakang'ono ka zipinda za khonde lakum'mawa kanagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Cody. Pahaska Teepee imagwira ntchito ngati malo amapiri ndipo inalembedwa pa National Register of Historic Places ku 1973. Imatchedwa "Gem of the Rockies" ndi Buffalo Bill.

Irma Hotel ndi malo odziwika ku Cody, Wyoming okhala ndi bala yotchuka yopangidwa ndi mitengo ya chitumbuwa yomwe inali mphatso kwa Buffalo Bill ndi Mfumukazi Victoria. Irma inatsegulidwa ndi phwando pa November 18, 1902, yomwe inapezeka ndi atolankhani ndi olemekezeka ochokera kutali monga Boston. Posachedwa hoteloyo idakhala malo ochezera a Cody. Mucikozyanyo, Buffalo Bill wakazumizyigwa kuzwa kuli baabo bamukkongolede alimwi wakakakamikwa kusaina hotela kuli mukaintu wakwe Louisa mu 1913, ooyo muciindi eeco bakali kumuyanda kapati. Cody atamwalira mu 1917, hoteloyo idatsekedwa ndikugulitsidwa kwa Barney Link. Chaka chisanathe, malo a Link anagulitsa malowo kwa Louisa, yemwe anali mwini wake mpaka pamene anamwalira mu 1925. Eni ake atsopano, Henry ndi Pearl Newell, anakulitsa pang'onopang'ono hoteloyo, kumanga chowonjezera cha m'ma 1930 kumadzulo kuti azitha kuyendetsa galimoto. -obwera alendo. Mwamuna wake atamwalira mu 1940, Pearl Newell anayendetsa hoteloyo mpaka imfa yake mu 1965. Iye anachoka ku hotelo ya Buffalo Bill memorabilia kupita ku Buffalo Bill Historical Center ndipo ananena kuti ndalama zochokera ku hoteloyo zigwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphatso yosungiramo zinthu zakale. . Irma Hotel ikadali yotsegulira bizinesi monga hotelo komanso malo odyera. Ikuphatikizidwa mu National Register of Historic Places, yolembedwa mu 1973.

Mbiri yakale ya Wapiti Lodge ndi malo obwezeretsedwa bwino omwe ali mkati mwa Northfork Valley, moyang'anizana ndi Mtsinje wa Shoshone. Yomangidwa mu 1904 m'malo mwa Wapiti Inn yowonongedwa ndi Ben ndi Mary Simpers, imadziwika kuti Green Lantern Tourist Camp, ndipo imakhulupirira kuti inali malo oyamba kukhala ndi chilolezo chogulitsa mowa pambuyo poti Prohibition itathetsedwa. The Simpers adayambitsanso chakudya choyamba m'chigwachi, kupereka chakudya cha nkhuku kwa alendo komanso anthu am'deralo. The Simpers pambuyo pake adagulitsidwa kwa FO Sanzenbacker mu 1931, ndipo dzinalo linasinthidwa kukhala Wapiti Lodge. Malo ogonawa adasinthika kwazaka zambiri, kuchokera kumalo opangira mafuta, malo ogulitsira, positi ofesi, ndi malo odyera, tsopano akubwereranso ku malo ake oyambira opumula ndi zosangalatsa kwa apaulendo. Malowa ankakhalanso ngati nyumba ya Post Office ya ku Wapiti kuyambira mu 1938 mpaka 2010. Ngakhale kuti kwa zaka zoposa 100, nthawi yakhala yokoma mtima poteteza kamangidwe ka malowa. Masiku ano, malo ogonawo akuwonetsa mawonekedwe a Wyoming komanso kukongola kwake, ndi zina zakale zomwe zimalumikizana ndi zosangalatsa zomwe amayembekeza apaulendo ozindikira.

Kuphatikiza pa nyumba ndi kanyumba, ma suites asanu ndi limodzi tsopano akupezeka, onse akujambula mawonekedwe ndi kukongola kwakale ndi masiku ano. The Lodge ili ndi chitonthozo chamakono komanso chosavuta kwa alendo omwe ali ndi khitchini, mafoni, WIFI cable TV, chakudya cham'mawa cha continental, malo osonkhanira, ndi chipinda chamasewera cha ana ndi akulu omwe. Malo ochititsa chidwi ozungulira malo ogonawo ndi bonasi yowonjezera pamodzi ndi usodzi pamalo achinsinsi a Mtsinje wa Shoshone.

Monga woyang'anira malire, Cody ankalemekeza Amwenye Achimereka ndikuthandizira ufulu wawo. Analemba ntchito ambiri mwa iwo ndi malipiro abwino komanso mwayi wowongolera miyoyo yawo. Nthaŵi ina ananena kuti “mliri uliwonse wa ku India umene ndakhala ndikuudziŵa unayamba chifukwa cha malonjezo osweka ndi kuswa mapangano a boma. Cody adathandiziranso ufulu wa amayi. Iye anati, “Chimene tikufuna kuchita ndikupatsa akazi ufulu wochuluka kuposa umene ali nawo. Aloleni agwire ntchito iliyonse imene akufuna, ndipo ngati aigwira mofanana ndi amuna, muwapatse malipiro ofanana.” M'ziwonetsero zake, Amwenyewa nthawi zambiri ankawonetsedwa akumenyana ndi makochi ndi masitima apamtunda ndipo amathamangitsidwa ndi anyamata oweta ng'ombe ndi asilikali. Ambiri a m’banjamo anayenda ndi amunawo, ndipo Cody analimbikitsa akazi ndi ana a oseŵera ake Achimereka Achimereka kuti amange msasa—monga momwe akanachitira kumaiko awo – monga gawo lawonetsero. Ankafuna kuti anthu olandira malipiro awone mbali yaumunthu ya "ankhondo ankhanza" ndikuwona kuti anali ndi mabanja ngati ena onse ndipo ali ndi zikhalidwe zawozawo. Cody ankadziwikanso kuti ndi wosamalira zachilengedwe yemwe ankatsutsa kusaka zikopa ndipo ankalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyengo yosaka nyama.

Buffalo Bill Center of the West ndi malo akulu komanso amakono omwe ali pafupi ndi pakati pa Cody. Lili ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale asanu mu umodzi, kuphatikizapo Draper Natural History Museum, Plains Indian Museum, Cody Firearms Museum, Whitney Western Art Museum ndi Buffalo Bill Museum yomwe imalongosola za moyo wa William F. Cody, yemwe malowa amatchulidwa. . Malo a mbiri yakale ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri alendo omwe amadutsa mtawuniyi popita kapena kuchokera ku Yellowstone. Old Trail Town, kukonzanso kwa nyumba zopitilira makumi awiri ndi zisanu zaku Western ndi zopangira zakale zili ku Cody pafupi ndi Yellowstone Highway. Rodeo ndiyofunikira mu chikhalidwe cha Cody chomwe chimadzitcha "Rodeo Capital of the World". Cody Nite Rodeo ndi rodeo amateur yomwe imachitika usiku uliwonse kuyambira June 1 mpaka August 31. Cody amakhalanso ndi Cody Stampede Rodeo, imodzi mwa rodeo yaikulu kwambiri m'dzikoli yothandizidwa ndi Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association yomwe yakhala ikuchitika kuyambira July 14. chaka chilichonse kuyambira 1919.

Alireza

Wolembayo, Stanley Turkel, ndi wovomerezeka komanso wothandizira pamsika wama hotelo. Amagwiritsa ntchito hotelo yake, kuchereza alendo komanso kuwunikira komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito kasamalidwe ka chuma, kuwunikiridwa kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito amgwirizano wama franchising ndi ntchito zothandizira milandu. Makasitomala ndi eni hotelo, osunga ndalama ndi mabungwe obwereketsa. Mabuku ake ndi awa: Great American Hoteliers: Apainiya a Hotel Viwanda (2009), Omangidwa Kuti Akhale Omaliza: 100+ Chaka Chakale ku New York (2011), Kumangidwa Kotsiriza: 100+ Year-Old Hotels Kum'mawa kwa Mississippi (2013) ), Hotel Mavens: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt ndi Oscar wa Waldorf (2014), Great American Hoteliers Voliyumu 2: Apainiya a Hotel Industry (2016), ndi buku lake latsopanoli, Built to Last: 100+ Year -Old Hotels West of the Mississippi (2017) - akupezeka mu hardback, paperback, ndi mtundu wa Ebook - momwe Ian Schrager adalemba m'mawu oyamba: "Bukuli limakwaniritsa zaka zitatu za mbiri ya hotelo zokwana 182 zamakalasi azipinda 50 kapena kupitilira apo ... Ndikumva ndi mtima wonse kuti sukulu iliyonse ya hotelo iyenera kukhala ndi magulu a mabukuwa ndikuwapangitsa kuti aziwerengera ophunzira awo komanso anzawo. ”

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