Zoseweretsa zanjovu zakutchire ndi mitu yophwanyika

Njovu zamphongo ndi musth

Njovu zamphongo zimakhala zokhazokha mwachilengedwe, chifukwa chothamangitsidwa m'gulu lina zikafika pachinyamata. Izi zimatchedwa 'kubalalika kwachilengedwe' ndipo ndi njira yomwe yasintha kwazaka zambiri kuti zipewe (a) kuswana ndi abale komanso (b) kupikisana ndi abale. Pambuyo pake amakhala moyo wosamukasamuka, nthawi zina amacheza ndi njovu zina zazikulu zamphongo kuti 'zidziwe zingwe' zopulumuka ndikukhala okonzeka kufunsa akazi awo kuti abereke.

Njovu zokhwima zokhwima, makamaka mitundu ya ku Asia, zimayamba kukhala boma lotchedwa "musth", momwe chilakolako chawo chokwatirana chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri ndipo chimakhala chaukali kwambiri.

Pakati pa ma musth, amuna amadzazidwa ndi testosterone maulendo 10 kuposa nthawi zonse. Ali ndi zotupa zakanthawi zotupa: zotupa zazikulu kuposa zipatso zamphesa zomwe zimatuluka kumbuyo kwawo. Amachitanso nkhanza kwambiri ndipo amatulutsa mkodzo wopitilira muyeso womwe umapanga fungo akamayenda. Wofufuza njovu wotchuka Cynthia Moss amachitcha kuti "mtundu wa kusintha kwa Jekyll ndi Hyde".

Akupitiliza kuti: "Musth ndi njira yodziwikiratu yotsatsa kupezeka kwa amuna pakugonana komanso mkhalidwe wawo. Kwa akazi, ng'ombe yamphongo imati, 'Ndili bwino, ndakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali, ndipo ndikhoza kukupatsani mwana wang'ombe wathanzi yemwe adzalandire majini anga abwino, moyo wanga komanso moyo wanga.' Kwa ng'ombe zina, kutsatsa ndikutsatsa, 'Ndili bwino. Ndili ndi mahomoni andewu, ndipo ndikakuphani ngati munganditsutse. ' Nthawi zambiri amuna amtundu wa testosterone amalimbana mpaka kufa. ”

Njovu zazimuna ndi mano

Mwa mitundu ya njovu zaku Asia (elephas maximus) yamphongo yokha ndi yomwe imakhala ndi minyanga mu mitundu yaku Africa (loxodonta) onse amuna ndi akazi ali ndi minyanga. Pankhani ya mitundu yaying'ono ya Sri Lankan (elephas maximus maximus) ndi amuna ochepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi ming'oma yomwe akuti ndi 6% -7% yokha ya njovu zakutchire (Jayewardene, J.-1994). Komabe malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa njovu komwe kunachitika mu 2011 ndi Wildlife Conservation department ku Sri Lanka, ndi 2% yokha ya anthu onse omwe ndi owerenga.

Ming'oma imasinthidwa pang'ono ndi zibwano zakuthambo za njovu. Dentine mumng'oma amadziwika kuti minyanga ya njovu ndipo gawo lake limakhala ndi mizere yopingasa, yotchedwa "injini kutembenuka," yomwe imapanga madera ooneka ngati diamondi. Zambiri mwa nthano zimawoneka panja; zotsalazo zili mchikuta mwa chigaza. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mkombowo lili ndi zamkati, ndipo ena amakhala ndi mitsempha yotambalala mpaka kunsonga. Monga anthu, omwe amakhala kumanja kapena kumanzere, njovu nthawi zambiri zimakhala kumanja kapena kumanzere. Nyani wamkulu, wotchedwa master tusk, nthawi zambiri amakhala wotopa kwambiri, chifukwa ndi wamfupi wokhala ndi nsonga yozungulira. Zipatso zimapitilizabe kukula nthawi yonse ya njovu.

Mitengo imagwira ntchito zingapo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukumba madzi, mchere, ndi mizu; kugulira mitengo kapena kuyika chizindikiro; komanso posuntha mitengo ndi nthambi mukamakonza njira. Polimbana, amagwiritsa ntchito kuwukira ndi kuteteza, komanso kuteteza thunthu.

Mamba a njovu amapereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso owoneka bwino kwa njovu koma nthawi yomweyo amatemberera. Ndi temberero chifukwa umbombo wamunthu wanjovu watsogolera kupha nyama zikwi mazana ambiri zokongola.

Zolemba zamakono ku Sri Lanka

Mwina chifukwa chakuti njovu zazing'ono zokha za ku Sri Lanka zili ndi minyanga, kuwona tusker kuthengo ndichinthu chosangalatsa, komanso chofunidwa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, anthu angapo m'mapaki osungira nyama akhala otchuka.

Ena mwa mapaki akuwoneka kuti ali ndi ziwopsezo zambiri kuposa ena. Zifukwa za izi sizikudziwika koma mwina pakhoza kukhala malo ena abwinobwino amtundu wa tusker m'malo ena. Malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Kala-Wewe ndi Yala National Park ali ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mphalapala, pomwe njovu zakutchire zochuluka zopezeka ku Uda Walawe National Park zili ndi ochepa okha.

Gemunu wotchuka wa Yala Fame

Palibe kukayika kuti m'mbuyomu tusker yotchedwa 'Gemunu' yakhala imodzi mwa njovu zotchuka kwambiri m'dera la Yala National Park block 1, makamaka chifukwa chamakhalidwe azachilendo.

Ndi mwana wachinyamata wamsinkhu wake, mwina wazaka pafupifupi 25+, yemwe amapita ku Block 1 ku Yala National Park. Kudziwika kwa a Gemunu kumachitika chifukwa choti ali ndi chizolowezi chochita ma jeeps ndikusaka chakudya m'zinthu za alendowo. Izi zikuwoneka kuti zidayambira (malinga ndi malipoti osatsimikizika) zakuti adyetsedwa m'masiku ake achichepere ku kachisi wa Sithulpahuwa.

Pambuyo pake oyendetsa ma jeep ndi omwe amayendetsa safari amunyengerera pomunyamula titimu ndi zakudya zina m'manja, kuti makasitomala awo 'asangalatsidwe' kukhala ndi njovu yoyika chitamba chake mkati mwa jeep ndi ponseponse. Izi ndizodziwika bwino, ndipo pali makanema angapo pa You Tube omwe akuwonetseratu ogwiritsa ntchito a Safari atatambasula dzanja lawo ndi chakudya ndikulimbikitsa Gemunu kuyandikira.

Tsopano izi zitha kupatsa chidwi china kwa alendo kuti agwire njovu yamtchire, koma ili ndi ngozi yayikulu. Zowona, mpaka pano Gemunu sanavulaze kapena kuwukira aliyense, koma kwa iwo omwe amadziwa machitidwe a njovu iyi ndi bomba lomwe likudikirira kuti liphulike. Zingotengera mlendo yemwe akuchita mantha kuti ayambe kuyenda molakwika, zomwe zingakwiyitse njovu ndipo atha kuwononga zinthu, kuwononga ma jeep ngakhale miyoyo.

Chifukwa chake, Gemunu adakhala ngati 'chithunzi' chotchuka ku Yala, ngakhale ndichokayikitsa.

Njovu ndi nyama zanzeru kwambiri chifukwa chake zimatha kuphunzira machitidwe ena mwachangu kwambiri, makamaka ngati zimalimbikitsa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njovu, ngakhale zitakhala zazikulu kwambiri, zimatha kuwetedwa ndikuphunzitsidwa kuchita malamulo osiyanasiyana ngakhale kuchita 'zanzeru' zina.

M'malo mwa Gemunu ndikulimbikitsidwa kwakulandila timadzi tambiri kuchokera 'pazowukira' zake pagalimoto zomwe zamupangitsa kuti azolowere chizolowezi ichi

Chifukwa chake, zidadabwitsa pomwe nkhani idayamba kuti Gemunu wathyola chimodzi cha mano ake pokangana ndi njovu ina.

Monga tanenera poyamba pomwe njovu zamphongo zokhwima zimatha kupuma ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kumenya nkhondo kuti zidziwone kuposa champhongo china. Sizikudziwika ngati Gemunu anali musth pomwe izi zidachitika, chifukwa zambiri sizowoneka bwino. Buku limodzi limanena kuti adakangana ndi ma tuskers ena awiri, otchedwa Sando (tusker waku Block 11) ndi Perakum.

Pankhani ya Gemunu monga zikuwonekera, mkombero wonsewo wachoka pamizu womwe, osasiya gawo lililonse la mkombowo.

Ming'alu yosweka

Mitengo yophwanyidwa siichilendo njovu, zomwe zimatha kuzitaya osati pakumenyana ndi amuna ena, komanso mukamayenda mwachilengedwe, monga kukumba, kukumba madzi, ndikuchotsa makungwa mumitengo.

Mankhusu akayamba kuzika (monga Gemunu) kukha mwazi kumatha kuchitika ngati zamkati ziwululidwa, ndipo pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo chodwala kwachiwiri. Pakadali pano, Gemunu akuwoneka kuti akuchita bwino atathyola mano ake, kubwerera kuma antics ake odziwika bwino ndi ma jeep.

Dokotala wamkulu wa ziweto ku Elephant Transit Home ku Uda Walawe adanditsimikizira kuti Gemunu akuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti awone ngati pali matenda aliwonse. Palinso zitsanzo zingapo pomwe mamba a njovu adathyoledwa, koma unyinji waminyanga ya njovu udasungidwa pambuyo pake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zamkati zisindikizidwe mwachilengedwe.

Tsopano ngakhale mano ake kwenikweni ndi omwe amakhala ndi njovu ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti ngati mkombowo sunadulidwe pamzu wake, ndiye kuti mkombowo upitilizabe kukula.

Chitsanzo chodziwikiratu cha izi chinali pankhani ya malemu 'Walawe Raja' (womasuliridwa kuti 'Mfumu ya Uda Walawe') yemwe wolemba 'adadziwa' bwino nthawi yomwe amachita kafukufuku wake ku Uda Walawe National Park.

Raja anali malo owonetserako zamapaki, tusker wokongola kwambiri pachimake pa moyo wake, yemwe amabwera pakiyi. Raja nthawi zambiri amawonedwa nthawi yachilala, kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala chaka chilichonse, pomwe amawonekera modzidzimutsa, kukakhala pafupifupi miyezi itatu kapena inayi mupaki. Nthawi zambiri, anali mu musth, ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali akusaka akazi omvera pagulu. Munthawi yanthawi yapachaka palibe amene adadziwa komwe adasowa. Mwachidziwikire, adayendayenda kuchokera kumpoto kwa paki kupita kudera la Balangoda ndi Hambegamuwa. Nthawi zonse ankakhala ndi zovulala kuchokera kumayendedwe ake kunja kwa paki, komwe dokotala wazachipatala wokhalamo adachita mwakhama.

Anali nyenyezi ya kanema wa nyama zakutchire wa BBC 'The Last Tusker', ndipo adawonetsedwa mu kanema wa Natural History New Zealand wopanga 'Pakati Padziko Lonse', woulutsidwa pa Discovery Channel

Chakumapeto kwa 2010 pomwe Raja adasowa mwadzidzidzi, ine ndi mwana wanga wamwamuna Dimitri tidayamba kufunafuna nyama yayikulu ija, mothandizidwa ndi anthu angapo omwe amafuna zabwino komanso omwe amapereka. Kwa miyezi yopitilira itatu tidasanthula kunja kwa kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa paki, ndikutsata njira zomwe tingawone. Imeneyi inali ntchito yokhumudwitsa ndipo panali ma alarm abodza ambiri, omwe chiyembekezo chimakwezedwa nthawi zina, kenako nkugwetsedwa pansi posachedwa.

Ndi mtima wachisoni tidasiya kusaka kwathu koyambirira kwa 2011 ndipo tidazindikira kuti wamkulu Raja kulibenso. Raja sanawonenso.

Chosangalatsa kwambiri pa nthawi ya "ulamuliro" wa Raja wapaki ndikuti adaswa dzanja lake lamanzere chakumapeto kwa 2005. Koma mosiyana ndi Gemunu, mkombowo sunathyoke pamizu koma pakati, kusiya chitsa chikuyenda. Patatha zaka zingapo tidazindikira kuti ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Zinali zodabwitsa kwambiri, zomwe sindimadziwa panthawiyo, ndipo ndinayenera kupeza chitsimikiziro kuchokera kwa akatswiri angapo a njovu padziko lonse lapansi.

Kutsiliza

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale Gemunu akuwoneka kuti wabwerera kumalo ake akale atataya mano ake, amayenera kuwunikidwa mosamala kuti awone ngati matenda aliwonse ali mumizu wowonekera. DWC ikuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa izi mosamala.

Ndiwofunika kwambiri kutchuka komanso chithunzi choposa moyo kuti nyama zakutchire ku Sri Lanka zisataye.