2030 Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's XNUMX ali ndi masomphenya omwe akuphatikizapo kusintha kuti achepetse kudalira kwa Saudi Arabia pamalipiro amafuta kudzera pakukweza chuma chake komanso ntchito zothandiza anthu monga maphunziro, zaumoyo, zomangamanga, ndi zokopa alendo.
Ophunzitsa aku Saudi Arabia ayamba kukonzekera kukhazikitsa maphunziro a filosofi m'masukulu aufumu. Pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi akatswiri aku Britain, ayamba kuphunzitsa alangizi 200 omwe aphunzitse ophunzira aku sekondale nkhani yomwe kale inali yoletsedwa pamaphunziro kwazaka zambiri.
Unduna wa Zamaphunziro ku Saudi Arabia Ahmad al-Issa walengeza izi koyambirira kwa mwezi uno pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse womwe udachitikira mdziko la Sunni-Muslim.
“Maphunziro amasekondale asinthidwa ndipo zomwe zachitikazo zilengezedwa posachedwa. Zikuphatikiza kulingalira mozama popeza uku ndikuyesa kuphatikiza mfundo zaufilosofi kusekondale. Izi zikuwonjezera pamaphunziro azamalamulo omwe akhazikitsidwa posachedwa, "adatero Issa pamwambowu.
Owonerera ena ayamikiranso kuphatikiza kwa nzeru m'makalasi a Saudi Arabia, ndikuonjezeranso kuti akuyamika maphunziro a bin Salman omwe amayang'ana kwambiri maphunziro a digito ndi maphunziro a STEM (sayansi, ukadaulo, uinjiniya ndi masamu).
Ena, amakayikira zomwe "filosofi" kapena "kuganiza mozama" kumatanthauza. Chodetsa nkhaŵa ndichakuti kulingalira kwanzeru kumaphunzitsidwa m'njira zomwe zimalimbikitsa ziphunzitso zachipembedzo zomwe zikufala.
Dhari Salman, mphunzitsi waku Kuwaiti, adauza The Media Line kuti ufumuwo wapita patsogolo kwambiri polemba nzeru. "Koma a Saudis angalakwitse kunyalanyaza njovu yayikulu mchipindamo yomwe ndi malingaliro achipembedzo pamutuwu," adakwanitsa. "Zakhala zachilendo pakati pa akulu osamalitsa kuwona filosofi ngati chida cha mdierekezi m'malo moganiza mwaufulu."
Ophunzira, a Salman adalongosola, ayenera kuphunzitsidwa zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri za filosofi: kulingalira ndi kulingalira mozama. "Ayenera kuphunzira kuti atsimikizire zowona zanenedwe kudalira kulingalira. Kudzudzula ndi chida chomwe chathandiza malingaliro akulu kwambiri kuganiza kunja kwa bokosi. Ambiri mwa iwo anali ndi luso komanso kuphunzitsa kutero, ndipo sukulu zikuyenera kupereka mwayi kwa ophunzira pankhaniyi. ”
Vuto, komabe, ndilakuti "zaumulungu ndizofunikira kwambiri m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa nzika zaku Saudi kuyambira pomwe adabadwa. Ndipo akakumana ndi kunyozedwa kwa malingaliro achisilamu pankhani zandale komanso anthu mkalasi mwina mikangano yayikulu. ”
Kuyambira mzaka za m'ma 1960, a Sheikh Abdel-Aziz bin Baz ndi ena mwa akatswiri odziwika bwino achipembedzo aku Saudi adapereka "fatwas" zingapo (zigamulo zachisilamu) zoletsa kuphunzitsa filosofi m'masukulu. Iwo ankaona kuti nkhani imeneyi ndi “yonenepera” ndiponso “yoipa” —zosokoneza anthu.
Edward Flood, mphunzitsi waku America yemwe adakhala ndikugwira ntchito ku Saudi Arabia kwazaka zopitilira 30, adauza The Media Line kuti "'nzeru zaufumu' — ngati mukufuna kutchula izi - zachokera mu Koran ndi ziphunzitso zachisilamu cha Wahhabi.
“Dongosololi silolimbikitsa kulingalira mwaulere kapena mosamala. M'malo mwake imalimbikitsa kumvera malamulo omwe amadziwika bwino ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi, nthawi ina, apolisi achipembedzo, omwe tsopano alibe mphamvu ndi a MbS [bin Salman] koma amakhalabe ndi gulu lamphamvu mpaka pano monga momwe zimakhalira.
"Ndidawerenga kuti," adafotokoza za Chigumula, "adzapatsidwa aphunzitsi, koma ndani adzawaphunzitsa ndipo, koposa zonse, ndani adzasankha aphunzitsi? Wina kapena gulu lina lidzakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zikafika pakubumba 'malingaliro' a Saudi. Ndipo polankhula ngati wonyoza, ndazindikira malingaliro ambiri otere omwe adalandiridwa ndi chidwi chachikulu, koma adangotayika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. ”
Chigumula adatsimikiza kuti ngati nthanthiyi iphunzitsidwa mwanjira yomwe anthu aku Western angaganize, itha kusintha maphunziro ndi gulu lachi Saudi. "Koma izi zitsogolera kufunsa boma komanso momwe zinthu zimachitikira muufumu, zomwe ndi zoopsa kubanja lachifumu."
Fatima al-Matar, pulofesa wa zamalamulo ku Yunivesite ya Kuwait, adaperekanso kwa The Media Line kukayikira pakuphunzitsa mafilosofi mdziko lachiSilamu, makamaka, komanso Saudi Arabia.
"Kudera lomwe Korani imanenedwa kuti ndi yoona, lamulo lalikulu, komanso chitsogozo chokha chokhala ndi moyo wolungama, tanthauzo la nzeru lingakhale ndi chiyani?," Adafunsa.
"Kukhala ku Kuwait, dziko lokhala ndi chikhalidwe, ndale komanso maphunziro ofanana kwambiri ndi Saudi Arabia, ndidakhumudwa nditawerenga m'buku lachi Islam la mwana wanga wazaka 12 kuti Msilamu alibe ufulu wowerenga chilichonse akufuna. ”
Zowonadi, zikafika pamalingaliro azikhalidwe zakumadzulo, chikhalidwe kapena miyambo, al-Matar adazindikira, Asilamu achiarabu nthawi zambiri amawopa malingaliro atsopanowa omwe angapangitse kuti awonongeke.
“Izi zimawafooketsa kuti asayang'ane mopitirira zomwe amakhulupirira kale. Ndipo ngati nthanthi ili kanthu, ndiye ndikuganiza kuti ndi kulimbika mtima kupitilira zomwe timadziwa kale. ”
ZOMWE MUNGACHITE PA NKHANIYI:
- Edward Flood, an American educator who lived and worked in Saudi Arabia for over 30 years, told The Media Line that the kingdom's “‘philosophical system'—if you want to call it that—is based on the Koran and teachings of Wahhabi Islam.
- Flood concluded that if the philosophy is taught in a way that a Westerner might imagine, it has the potential to transform both Saudi education and society.
- Instead it inculcates obedience to a set of rules that are well-known and well-enforced by, at one time, the religious police, which has now been made almost powerless by MbS [bin Salman] but still exerts a strong social force as far as behavior is concerned.
