Kutulutsa mpweya kwa ndege kuyenera kuyikidwa pamlingo wa 2005 mu 2050 kuti zithandizire kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi zochepetsera mpweya wowonjezera kutentha zikuyenda bwino, idatero Komiti Yosintha Zanyengo ku UK, yomwe imalangiza boma la Britain.
Kutulutsa mpweya kuchokera kumakampani onse a ndege kuyambira ku UAL Corp.'s United Airlines kupita ku Air Zimbabwe Ltd. "Ndibwino" kuyenera kukhala kochepa ngakhale poyamba maulendo apandege pakati pa mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene angakhale opanda, wapampando wa komiti Adair Turner adanena lero kuti atsogolere njira za UK pazokambirana zapadziko lonse za nyengo.
Kutulutsa mpweya kuchokera mundege sikungoletsedwa ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo makampani kuphatikiza British Airways Plc ndi Air France-KLM Group akonza njira yogulitsira utsi kwa onse onyamula. Zokambirana zanyengo za United Nations ku Copenhagen mu Disembala ziyenera kugwirizana pazomwe zikuphatikiza ndege, komitiyo idatero.
"Ndikofunikira kuti mgwirizano woletsa kutulutsa mpweya wapadziko lonse ukhale gawo la mgwirizano wa Copenhagen," mkulu wa komitiyo, a David Kennedy, adatero mu imelo. "Tikuyitanitsa chipewa chomwe sichingafune kuti anthu aziwuluka mochepera masiku ano koma chingalepheretse kukula kwa mpweya wotuluka m'ndege kupita mtsogolo."
Bungwe la United Nations likuyerekeza kuti makampani a ndege, omwe sakhala ndi malire otulutsa mpweya pansi pa pangano la Kyoto Protocol, amatenga pafupifupi 3 peresenti ya mpweya wotenthetsa dziko. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa maulendo a pandege, bungwe loyang’anira zachilengedwe la Greenpeace likuyerekeza kuti mpweya wotenthetsa dziko kuchokera mundege udzaŵirikiza kaŵiri kuyambira pano mpaka 2050, kugogomezera kufunika koumitsa.
Komitiyi ndi bungwe loyima palokha lomwe limalangiza boma la UK za momwe lingachepetsere mpweya wa dziko lino ndipo nduna zatsatira malangizo ake m'mbuyomu, kuphatikizapo kukweza zolinga zochepetsera mpweya wa dziko. Mawu a Turner adalembedwa m'kalata yopita kwa Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change Ed Miliband ndi Secretary of Transport Andrew Adonis.
Zilolezo za Carbon
Maboma akhala akusamala kuti akhazikitse malire onyamula katundu wapanyumba omwe amawulukira kunja kuopa kusokoneza mpikisano. Msonkhano wa UN Framework on Climate Change, womwe umayang'anira zokambirana za ku Copenhagen, wachedwetsa ntchito yofikira mgwirizano wa mpweya wa ndege ku bungwe la International Civil Aviation Organization lokhala ku Montreal.
Turner adati ndege zamtundu uliwonse ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi kapena zotulutsa zotuluka m'ndege zapadziko lonse lapansi ziyenera kutsatiridwa ndi zochepetsera zapanyumba. Onyamula akuyenera kugula zilolezo zogulitsira zoipitsa zomwe zimadziwika kuti ma allowance a kaboni ndi ndalama zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandiza mayiko osauka kuti agwirizane ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, adatero.
"Kuthamanga Kwambiri"
M'mwezi wa Epulo, BA ndi Air France-KLM adalumikizana ndi gulu la ndege la Grupo Ferrovial SA la BAA Ltd. UK ndi ndege zina kuyitanitsa malire adziko lonse lapansi otulutsa mpweya kwa onyamula onse komanso njira yogulitsira zotulutsa mpweya kuti awalole kugulitsa zilolezo za mpweya. Mlembi wamkulu Yvo de Boer wa gulu la UN lakusintha kwanyengo adati panthawiyo "palibe zambiri zomwe zachitika" pakuphatikizira kutulutsa mpweya wa ndege pa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Gulu la Eight mu Julayi linagwirizana kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti lichepetse mpweya wotulutsa mpweya ndi 80 peresenti pofika 2050 monga gawo loyesera kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha padziko lonse ndi theka panthawiyo.
Maiko akuyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chochepetsa mpweya wotulutsa ndege mu 2020 mpaka 95 peresenti ya magawo a 2005 komanso osapitilira 2005 mu 2050, Turner adalemba.
Bungwe la International Air Transport Association ku Geneva, lomwe limaimira ndege pafupifupi 230 zomwe zimagwira ntchito 92 peresenti ya kuchuluka kwa magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi, linanena kuti cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa mpweya woipa kwambiri pofika m'ma XNUMX.
"IATA ili ndi cholinga chofuna kuchepetsa 50 peresenti pofika 2050 poyerekeza ndi 2005 ndipo tikufuna kukhazikika kapena kusalowerera ndale pofika 2020," atero a Tony Concil, mneneri.
Kupititsa patsogolo Technology
Zolinga za Turner zingathandize kuti dziko la UK likwaniritse cholinga chake chochepetsera mpweya wokwanira ndi 80 peresenti pofika zaka za m'ma 90 bola ngati dzikolo lichepetsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ndi XNUMX peresenti kuchokera kumagulu ena onse kuphatikizapo mphamvu ndi kupanga, adatero.
"Kutulutsa mpweya kwa ndege kukuchulukirachulukira ndipo kukuyembekezeka kuwirikiza kawiri kuyambira pano mpaka 2050 malinga ndi mfundo za Boma," adatero Vicky Wyatt wochita kampeni ku Greenpeace. "Zomwe Komitiyi yapeza zikuwonetsa kuti mpweya wochokera ku chuma cha Britain uyenera kufinyidwa mpaka ma pips agwedezeke kuti agwirizane ndi chikhalidwe chowuluka kwambiri."
Njira zochepetsera mpweya wotuluka mundege ndi monga kuwakokera m'mabwalo othamangira ndege asanayatse injini, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a biofuel komanso kuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka ndege kuti ndege zisamawononge nthawi yozungulira isanatera.
Mkulu wa bungwe la EasyJet Plc Andy Harrison adati European Union iyenera kukhazikitsa miyezo yotulutsa mpweya m'ndege, monga imachitira magalimoto, komanso kuti UK iyenera kukakamiza msonkho wotulutsa paulendo wandege m'malo mwa zomwe zikulipiritsa pamunthu aliyense.
"Tiyenera kukhala ndi njira zomwe zimalimbikitsa ndege kuti ziwuluke ndege zamakono, zopanda mafuta komanso opanga makina okakamiza kuti abweretse chitukuko cha mbadwo wotsatira wa ndege," adatero Harrison lero m'mawu ake a imelo.
"Tekinoloje ndiye chinsinsi chochepetsera mpweya wotuluka m'ndege," adatero. "Mbadwo wotsatira wa ndege, womwe ukukonzedwa, uchepetse mpweya wa CO2 ndi 50 peresenti."
