Malo odyetserako alendo amayang'ana madera aku Tanzania kudzera pazabwino zokopa alendo

TANZANIA (eTN) - Kudzera m'njira zogawana phindu la alendo, oyang'anira malo osungirako nyama zakutchire ku Tanzania akuyang'ana zopindulitsa kwa anthu am'deralo omwe ali pafupi ndi madera otetezedwa ndi chilengedwe kudzera m'njira zogawana ndalama za alendo.

Kudzera mu zokopa alendo, mapaki aku Tanzania amathandizira ma projekiti ammudzi m'midzi yoyandikana ndi malo osungirako zachilengedwe kudzera mu pulogalamu yake ya Social Community Responsibility (SCR) yotchedwa Good Neighborliness, njira yomwe yawonetsa njira yabwino, yobweretsa kuyanjanitsa pakati pa anthu ndi nyama zakuthengo. Tsopano, anthu m’midzi amayamikira kufunika kwa nyama zakuthengo ndi zokopa alendo m’miyoyo yawo.

Kwa zaka 25 zapitazi, olimbikitsa kuteteza zachilengedwe ku Tanzania ndi kwina kulikonse ku East Africa anena za kufunikira kwa ntchito zoteteza kunja kwa malire a malo osungirako zachilengedwe komanso m'malo okhala anthu monga kofunika kwambiri kuti nyama zakuthengo zisamukasamuka zikhale zathanzi.

Kunja kwa malo osungirako zachilengedwe ku Tanzania, kuli midzi yoposa 100, ndipo 42 yake imagawana malire ndi mapaki. Yambiri mwa midziyi idaphatikizidwa m'malo osungirako zachilengedwe aku Tanzania.

Dongosolo losamalira anthu ammudzi, la Good Neighborliness, lakhazikitsidwa ndi cholinga chophunzitsa anthu a m’maderawa za kufunika kosamalira nyama zakuthengo ndi zokopa alendo, pomwe amagawana ndalama zomwe zimachokera ku mabizinesi oyendera alendo omwe amachitikira mkati ndi kunja kwa mapaki.

Community Conservation Service (CCS) ndi Outreach Programme ya TANAPA (Tanzania National Parks) yomwe imafalikira kumadera ozungulira ndikuyang'ana anthu am'deralo ndi maboma mpaka maboma.

Phindu lopezedwa kudzera m'thumba la Tanzania National Parks' Support for Community Initiated Projects (SCIP) limazindikiridwa ngati phindu lokhudzana ndi nyama zakuthengo polandira midzi ndipo athandizira kwambiri kusintha ubale wa "anthu a pagulu", ndipo izi zachepetsa mikangano pakati pa osunga nyama zakuthengo. ndi midzi yoyandikana ndi mapakiwo.

Thumba la SCIP linakhazikitsidwa ngati gawo la ndondomeko yokonzekera bwino. Pulojekitiyi imagwira ntchito ndi anthu okhala m'malire kapena pafupi ndi malo osungirako zachilengedwe ndipo imagogomezera kuthandizira ntchito zokhazikitsidwa ndi anthu.

Ndalama zomwe panopa zikukwana 7.5 peresenti ya ntchito za paki iliyonse zimaperekedwa kwa anthu ammudzi. Nthawi zambiri pakiyi imapereka ndalama zokwana 70 peresenti ya ndalama za polojekitiyi, ndipo anthu ammudzi amapereka 30 peresenti yotsalayo.

Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zokopa alendo ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe boma la Tanzania likugogomezera kwambiri ngati njira yothetsera umphawi, ndikumvetsetsa kuti chitukuko chokhazikika cha zokopa alendo chimakwaniritsa zosowa zamasiku ano popanda kusokoneza luso la mibadwo yamtsogolo kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo.

Monga gawo la ndondomekoyi, ndondomeko za gawo la zokopa alendo zikugogomezera kutengapo gawo kwa anthu pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe.

Mapulogalamu a maphunziro oteteza zachilengedwe apangidwa kuti akonzekere maulendo a m'mapaki a anthu ammudzi, kuphunzitsa anthu za kayendetsedwe ka polojekiti ndi kuwerengera ndalama, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zoyenera. Makalabu oteteza zachilengedwe amakhazikitsidwa m’masukulu, aphunzitsi amaphunzitsidwa, ndipo mafilimu oteteza zachilengedwe amasonyezedwa m’madera.

Kuchokera kumalo osungirako zachilengedwe amodzi mu 1961 pamene dziko la Tanzania linalandira ufulu wodzilamulira kuchokera ku Britain, lerolino kuli mapaki 15, okhala ndi nyama zakuthengo ndi zomera zamitundumitundu. Paki yatsopano ikukonzekera mkati mwa Nyanja ya Victoria kuti iteteze nyama zomwe zapulumutsidwa komanso zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha.

Malo omwe ali ngati maginito oyendera alendo, malo osungira nyama zakuthengo ndi omwe akutsogola ndalama zakunja zaku Tanzania zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera ku zokopa alendo, zolipira zamahotelo, ndi zolipira zina zochokera kumakampani a safari omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo otetezedwawa.

Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, yemwe adayambitsa dziko la Tanzania, adalimbikitsa dala kufunika kokhazikitsa malo osungirako nyama zakuthengo ndikukhazikitsa malo ochezera alendo, poganizira kuti zokopa alendo muulamuliro wa atsamunda aku Britain zimakhudza kusaka anthu osaphunzira. Kusamalira nyama zakuthengo kuti chitukuko chikhale chokhazikika sichinali chofunikira kwa oyang'anira atsamunda m'masiku apitawa.

Malo osungiramo nyama zakutchire akhalabe ndi mwayi wopikisana nawo malo ena oyendera alendo omwe akuwonjezera phindu ku malo oyendera alendo kunja kwa mapaki. Mapakiwa akhala malo otsogola kwambiri ogulitsa alendo ku Tanzania, ndipo izi zapangitsa zokopa alendo kukhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pazachuma ku Tanzania.

M’zaka zaposachedwa, ntchito zokopa alendo zathandizira 17 peresenti ya Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ndi 25 peresenti ya ndalama zotuluka kunja ndi ndalama zakunja, atero a Allan Kijazi, Mkulu wa National Parks ku Tanzania.

Kasungidwe ka nyama zakuthengo ku Tanzania kwakhazikitsa maziko olimba oti aganizirenso ndikuyikanso kasamalidwe ka ma parks ndi matrasti panjira yapadziko lonse yosamalira zachilengedwe. Kuyikanso kumeneku cholinga chake ndi kuthana ndi mavuto angapo, monga kupha nyama popanda chilolezo, kutha kwa makonde a nyama zakuthengo, kusintha kwa nyengo, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, komanso kumvetsetsa momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira m'mapaki.

Malinga ndi UN World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) ziwonetsero, Africa idzawona gawo la alendo likukula mowirikiza kanayi pofika chaka cha 2020. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zokopa alendo m'chigawo cha Africa, kukonzekera koyenera, ndi chifuniro cha ndale, kontinentiyi ikupindula kwambiri ndi zokopa alendo.

Maiko aku Africa ayika ntchito zokopa alendo kukhala zofunika kwambiri ndipo adadzipereka kuti akhazikitse malo abwino kuti akule.