Air New Zealand imayesa ndege ndi biofuel

WELLINGTON, New Zealand - Ndege yonyamula anthu yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi gawo limodzi ndi mafuta a masamba idakwanitsa bwino ulendo wa maola awiri Lachiwiri kuyesa mafuta amafuta omwe angachepetse mpweya wa ndege ndikuchepetsa mtengo, Air New Zealand idatero.

Injini imodzi ya ndege ya Boeing 747-400 imayendetsedwa ndi mafuta osakanikirana a 50-50 ochokera ku zomera za jatropha ndi mafuta amtundu wa A1.

Chaka chino chakhala chikankhidwe chomwe sichinachitikepo cha mafuta ena opangidwa ndi ndege, omwe adaphwanyidwa ndi kukwera mtengo kwamafuta koyambirira kwa 2008 ndipo tsopano akuyembekezera kugwa kwaulendo wandege poyang'anizana ndi kuchepa kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi.

Ngakhale Air New Zealand sinathe kunena ngati kuphatikizikaku kudzakhala kotchipa kuposa mafuta a jet wamba popeza jatropha sinapangidwebe pazamalonda, kampaniyo ikuyembekeza kuti kuphatikizikako "kudzakhala kopikisana," malinga ndi mneneri wa kampaniyo Tracy Mills.

Kale mafuta a biofuel ankaonedwa kuti n'ngosathandiza paulendo wa pandege chifukwa ambiri amaundana chifukwa cha kutentha kotsika kumene kumakumana ndi malo okwera. Koma mayeso akuwonetsa jatropha, yomwe mbewu zake zimatulutsa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kupanga mafuta monga biodiesel, ali ndi malo oziziritsa kwambiri kuposa mafuta a jet.

Mkulu wa bungwe la Air New Zealand a Rob Fyfe adatcha ndegeyi "chofunikira kwambiri pakuyendetsa ndege ndi zamalonda."

"Lero tikuyimilira pazigawo zoyambirira za chitukuko chokhazikika cha mafuta komanso nthawi yofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya ndege," adatero atangonyamuka. Cholinga cha kampaniyi ndi kukhala ndege yoyendetsa bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Ndegeyo inali yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito jatropha ngati gawo la kusakaniza kwa biofuel.

M'mwezi wa February, Boeing ndi Virgin Atlantic adayesanso ndege yofananira yomwe idaphatikizapo mafuta amafuta a kanjedza ndi kokonati - koma adasiyidwa ngati chodziwika bwino ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe omwe adati mafutawo sangapangidwe kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito ndege zamalonda.

Mafuta a biofuel amatulutsa mpweya wochuluka ngati mafuta a jet opangidwa ndi palafini, koma jatropha - chomera cha ku Mexico chomwe chimamera m'madera otentha - chimatenga pafupifupi theka la carbon yomwe imatulutsa mafuta a jatropha. Mwachitsanzo, kusakanikirana kwa Air New Zealand kungatanthauze kuchepetsedwa kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a mpweya wamafuta a jet wamba.

Mafuta ambiri a biofuel - monga ethanol, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga - amadzudzulidwa chifukwa chokweza mtengo wa chakudya pochichotsa ku matebulo akukhitchini kupita ku injini. Ngakhale kugwirizana pakati pa mitengo yamafuta amafuta ndi mitengo yambewu kuli mkangano, Mills adati mbewu za jatropha sizingapikisane ndi chakudya kapena mbewu zina zamalonda chifukwa zimatha kumera pamtunda womwe ungapangitse minda yosauka komanso kusowa madzi ochepa.

"Mowa ndi m'badwo woyamba wa biofuel; jatropha m'badwo wachiwiri wa biofuel womwe supikisana pa nthaka ndi ulimi wopangira chakudya," adatero Mills.

Ndege yoyeserera yotuluka pa eyapoti yapadziko lonse ya Auckland inaphatikizansopo kunyamuka kwa mphamvu zonse ndikuyenda mpaka 35,000 mapazi (10,600 metres), pomwe ogwira ntchito adayika pamanja zowongolera zonse zinayi kuti ayang'ane momwe zimawerengedwera mofanana pakati pa injini yoyendetsedwa ndi biofuel ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a jet. . Oyendetsa ndege anazimitsanso mpope wa mafuta a injini ya biofuel pamtunda wa mamita 25,000 (mamita 7,600) "kuti ayese kutsekemera kwa mafuta," kuonetsetsa kuti kugunda kwake mupaipi sikuchedwa kuchepetsa kutuluka kwake kupita ku injiniyo.

Kaputeni David Morgan, woyendetsa ndege wamkulu wa ndegeyo yemwe anali m'ndegeyo, adati zotsatira za mayeso oyendetsa ndegezi zipatsa kampaniyo ndi anzawo chidziwitso chamtengo wapatali chothandizira jatropha kukhala mafuta ovomerezeka oyendetsa ndege.

Macheke "adapangidwa kuti ayesere mafuta amafuta mokwanira," atero a Morgan.

Ngakhale kuti ndegeyo idalengeza kuti zayenda bwino, Woyang'anira Gulu la Air New Zealand Ed Sims anachenjeza kuti zikhala zosachepera chaka cha 2013 kampaniyo isanayambe kuonetsetsa kuti ikupeza mosavuta kuchuluka kwa jatropha yomwe ingafunike kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a biofuel pamaulendo ake onse.

"Mwachiwonekere, tili kutali kwambiri kuti tipeze mafuta otsika mtengo ndikutha kusuntha mafuta padziko lonse lapansi kuti azitha kuyendetsa ndege zapadziko lonse lapansi akadali ndi zaka," Sims adauza. National Radio ku New Zealand.

Kampaniyo idagula mbewuzo m'minda ya ku East Africa ndi India zomwe zimakwana maekala 309,000 (mahekitala 125,000).

Kampaniyo ikuyembekeza kuti pofika chaka cha 2013, 10 peresenti ya ndege zake zidzayendetsedwa, mwina mwa zina, ndi biofuels, Mills adatero. Ambiri mwa omwe akugwiritsa ntchito kuphatikizikako angakhale ntchito zapakhomo zazifupi.

Simon Boxer, wa gulu la zachilengedwe la Greenpeace New Zealand, adati n'zosapeŵeka kuti ndege ziwonetsere chidwi kwambiri ndi mafuta achilengedwe okhazikika pamene apaulendo adziwa zambiri za kuvulaza kumene kuyenda kwa ndege kumayambitsa chilengedwe.

Koma iye wati sizikudziwika ngati jatropha ndi wokhazikika. Iye adakayikira kuti chilengedwe chingakhale chotani ngati jatropha idzakhala yotchuka komanso malo ochulukirapo ndi zofunikira kuti apange malonda.

Ndegeyo inali yogwirizana ndi Air New Zealand, Boeing wopanga ndege, wopanga injini Rolls Royce ndi katswiri wa biofuel, UOP Llc, gawo la Honeywell International.

Ndegeyo, yomwe idakonzedweratu koyambirira kwa mwezi uno, idayimitsidwa pambuyo poti ndege ya Air New Zealand A320 Airbus itagwa pa Perpignan pagombe lakumwera kwa France pa Nov. 27, ndikupha onse asanu ndi awiri omwe analimo.