Kwinakwake ku Washington, mwina kuli chidebe chokhala ndi mayina andege.
Kupatula apo, okhometsa misonkho adatulutsa mabanki, makampani a inshuwaransi, opanga magalimoto, Wall Street ndi obwereketsa ngongole. Kodi olephera kwambiri ku America amakhala otsalira kwambiri?
Gawo lachiwiri likuyenera kukhala lodziwika bwino kwambiri m'chaka cha ndege, nthawi yomwe ndege zimakhala zodzaza ndi apaulendo opumula ndipo kufunikira kwapaulendo kuli pachimake. Chaka chino, kutsika kwachuma, chimfine cha nkhumba ndi kukwera kwa mitengo yamafuta kwabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.
Mwachitsanzo, Continental Airlines yochokera ku Houston, idataya $213 miliyoni sabata yatha pomwe ndalama zidatsika ndi 23 peresenti. Ndegeyo inanenanso kuti ikukonzekera kutaya ntchito 1,700.
Ndipo izi ndi zomwe zimapita ku uthenga wabwino, chifukwa Continental idakali m'mavuto azachuma kuposa ambiri omwe amapikisana nawo. American, United ndi US Airways angafunike ndalama zowonjezera kuti apitirize kuwuluka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, katswiri wa JPMorgan a Jamie Baker analemba posachedwapa.
"Ngakhale kukwera kwakukulu kodabwitsa sikungalepheretse kufunikira kokweza ndalama," adatero.
Kodi ndalama zowonjezera zidzachokera kuti? Otsatsa malonda akuwonetsa chidwi chochepa pakutsanulira ndalama zambiri kwa onyamula. Mitengo yakusinthana kwangongole - yomwe imateteza osunga ndalama kuti asatayike ngati ndege zikulephera kubweza ngongole zawo - zakhala zikukwera pang'onopang'ono kumakampani amakolo aku America ndi United, Bloomberg News idatero. Kukwera kwamitengo yosinthana ndi chizindikiro chakuti osunga ma bond akudandaula kwambiri kuti onyamula awiriwo sangasinthe.
Sabata yatha, a Moody's Investors Service adadula ngongole zamakampani odziwika bwino aku Southwest Airlines kufika pagulu lotsika kwambiri pamwamba pazazakudya. Pakadali pano, a Standard & Poor's adayika mavoti ku America ndi United, omwe ali kale pansi pazinyalala, pamndandanda wawo wowonera zomwe zili ndi zoyipa, kutchula nkhawa za kuchepa kwa ndalama komanso kuchepa kwa ndalama.
Nthawi zambiri, panthawiyi mumayendedwe otaya mtima, onyamulira ofooka amabwerera ku khothi la bankirapuse ngati namzeze akubwerera ku Capistrano.
Koma nthawi ino zinthu zasintha. Ambiri mwamakampani akhala akusokonekera m'zaka zingapo zapitazi. Ndalama zambiri zamakampani akuluakulu a ndege zimakhala mkati mwa pafupifupi khobiri limodzi pa kilomita imodzi pampando uliwonse womwe ulipo, ndipo ulendo wina wodutsa mu bankirapuse mwina sungachepe monga momwe zimakhalira m'mbuyomu.
"Sizikudziwika bwino zomwe Mutu 11 umapereka," Baker adalemba.
Ndiye ngati makhothi sangathandize, kodi tingawonedi ndege imodzi kapena ziwiri zomwe zili ndi vuto kosalekeza zikuyenda?
Osadalira pa izo. Ndizokayikitsa kuti opanga malamulo ndi oyang'anira, omwe akukumana ndi ziwerengero zaulova, alola anthu masauzande ambiri ogwira ntchito m'ndege - ambiri omwe ali ogwirizana - kutaya ntchito. Yembekezerani, osachepera, zitsimikiziro zangongole zochirikizidwa ndi boma kuti zithandizire onyamula kusungitsa ndalama zawo ndi ndalama zatsopano.
Pakadali pano, Wall Street - yokopeka ndi nyimbo ya siren ya ndalama zamabanki - mwina iyitanitsanso kuphatikiza kwa omwe adawonongedwa, kuyamikira ubwino, kunena, kuphatikiza United-US Airways, ngakhale pafupifupi maulendo awiri ogwirizanitsa ndege m'mbuyomu. zaka makumi atatu sanatulutse chipambano chimodzi.
Palibe mwa izi chomwe chingathetse mavuto a ndege, kungowapititsa patsogolo. Makampani oyendetsa ndege akhala akubera zotsatira za mpikisano.
Ngati Washington ikufunadi kuthandiza, sichingachite chilichonse. Zingakhale zogontha kuchonderera kwa onyamulira omwe ali ndi vuto, kupatsa mwayi kuti mwina, mwina, mmodzi kapena awiri a iwo adzasiya kuwuluka ndikupangitsa ndege zomwe zatsalazo kuwombera phindu lokhazikika pamene kugwa kwachuma kwatha.
Yakwana nthawi yosiya misala. M'makampani oyendetsa ndege, kulephera sikungatheke, ndikofunikira.
