Tsitsani zonse 15th Lipoti Lapachaka la Air Transport 2019 la World Bank Group (WBG) lamaliza ndi chiyembekezo cha 2020 poganizira za COVID 2019 kuchokera m'nkhaniyi. Ndi ntchito yochititsa chidwi chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu pamsika wa zandege chifukwa cha COVID-19 komanso momwe 2020 yasinthira.
Air Transportation yakhala njira yoyendetsera dziko lonse lapansi, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri
chitukuko cha zachuma m'misika yonse. Sizinayambe zapindulapo chuma chonse ndi a
network yapadziko lonse lapansi pamaketani amitundu yambiri, omwe amalola ambiri omwe akutukuka komanso omwe akutuluka
mayiko kuti apindule potenga nawo gawo pazopanga, malonda kapena zokopa alendo. Misika yatseguka,
ndi kumasulidwa mu malonda ndi ntchito zathandizira kukula kwa makampani oyendetsa ndege padziko lonse lapansi.
Chifukwa chake, mayendedwe apamlengalenga adakumana ndi kukula kwakukulu kwazaka khumi, makamaka mu
misika yomwe ikubwera kumene apaulendo ambiri adakwera ndege kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Komabe, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto okwera anthu kwayamba kuchepa. Mu 2019, okwera ndege padziko lonse lapansi akufuna
inakula 4.2%, yomwe inali pansi pa kukula kwa nthawi yaitali pafupifupi 5.5%. Anali ofooka kwambiri
chiwerengero cha kukula kwa ndalama zokwera makilomita (RPK) kuyambira 2009, ndi kutsika kuchokera ku 7.3%
2018. Komabe, idaposa kukula kwa GDP yapadziko lonse lapansi, yomwe ndi yodabwitsa kwambiri
mayendedwe amatsata kukula kwachuma chapadziko lonse lapansi. Okwera ndege ali nazo
idakwera ndi 3.4% mu 2019, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti katunduyo achuluke ndi 0.7% mpaka mbiri yatsopano.
ndi 82.6%. Pachigawo, ziwopsezo zakukula kwambiri zidawoneka ku Africa ndi Asia-Pacific pa 4.9%
ndi 4.8% motsatira, pamene Europe ndi Latin America onse anali ndi ziwopsezo za kukula kwa 4.2% ndi
North America inali 4.1%. Middle East idawona kukula kwa 2.4% yokha.
Dinani apa to tsitsani lipoti la Banki Yadziko Lonse masamba 90 ngati PDF
Dera lamphamvu kwambiri, potengera momwe ndalama zamakampani ake amagwirira ntchito, zinali North America, komwe
Phindu la pambuyo pa msonkho linali lokwera kwambiri pa USD16.5 biliyoni. Izi zikuyimira phindu la USD16.0
pa wokwera aliyense, womwe uli pafupi kuwirikiza kawiri msinkhu wa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo. Malire a Net adanenedweratu
pa 6.0% ya 2020, zomwe zikuyimira kuchepa pang'ono kuchokera ku 2019 chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa
zokolola ndi kukwera mphamvu. Ku Europe, zinthu zolemedwa bwino zimakhalabe zapamwamba pa 70.4%. Izi
zidayamba chifukwa cha zokolola zochepa chifukwa champikisano wotseguka wamsika wandege komanso kuwongolera kwakukulu
ndalama. Komabe, chifukwa chotsika mtengo wamafuta ndikuletsa njira zowonjezera za ena otsogola
onyamula, phindu lonse lidanenedweratu kuti lidzakhala USD7.9 biliyoni mu 2020, kuyimira USD 6.4 pa
okwera ndi malire a 3.6%.
Ndege ku Asia-Pacific zinavutika chifukwa cha kufooka kwa malonda padziko lonse ndi katundu. Kuchira pang'ono pazamalonda padziko lonse lapansi kumayembekezeredwa mu 2020, zomwe zikanakweza phindu mderali.
Phindu lapakati pa wokwera aliyense likuyembekezeka kukwera kufika pa USD3.3 ndipo phindu likwera
mpaka USD6.0 biliyoni ndi malire a 2.2%. Ndege zaku Middle East zinali mkati kukonza, zomwe zinachititsa kuti kukula kwa ndege kuchepe. Ndege zaku Middle East
zotayika mu 2019 zidafika $1.5 biliyoni, koma kutsika kwa $ 1 biliyoni kumayembekezeredwa.
2020. Ndege zaku Latin America zinali panjira yochira, komabe zikutaya USD 400 miliyoni mu
2019. Komabe, kuwongolera kudachitika, ndipo ndege zaku Latin America zinali kuyembekezera
phindu laling'ono la USD100 miliyoni mu 2020. Africa, pomaliza, idakhalabe ngati zaka 5 zapitazi.
dera lofooka kwambiri ponena za phindu la ndege. Atataya USD400 miliyoni mu 2018, magwiridwe antchito a onyamula aku Africa adakwera pang'ono. Pa avareji, onyamula katundu aku Africa adapitilirabe kuvutika ndi zinthu zotsika kwambiri mu 2019, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kukwera pang'ono mpaka 58.8% mu 2020.
Zoneneratu zamakampani za 2020, zomwe zidaperekedwa kumapeto kwa 2019, zikuyembekezeka kusintha bwino
pakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi mu 2020 komanso mitengo yokhazikika yamafuta. Izi zikanapangitsa kuti a
Kukula kwa 4.1% kwa RPK padziko lonse lapansi, komanso kuwongolera pang'ono kwa kayendetsedwe kazachuma ka ndege
phindu lonse la USD29.3 biliyoni ndi malire ogwirira ntchito a 5.5%.
Komabe, kukhazikika kosayembekezereka kwa ndege zambiri zapadziko lonse lapansi koyambirira kwa 2020 chifukwa cha kufalikira.
za mliri wa COVID-19, womwe udzakhudza kwambiri chuma cha padziko lonse lapansi
anasintha maganizo. Panthawi yokonzekera lipotili, GDP yapadziko lonse lapansi ikuyembekezeka kuchita mgwirizano ndi 5.0% mu 2020, popeza COVID ikhudza kwambiri malonda apadziko lonse lapansi (kutsika kwa 13%). Akuti ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi zamakampani opanga ndege zidzachepa ndi 50.4%
mu 2020, zomwe zipangitsa kuti pakhale chaka choyipa kwambiri m'mbiri ya ndege zomwe zidatayika ndalama zokwana $84.3 biliyoni.
Lipoti la 15 la World Bank Group (WBG) Air Transport Annual Report, lomwe lasindikizidwa ndikuchedwa kwa miyezi itatu chifukwa cha COVID-19, likufotokozera mwachidule thandizo lomwe limaperekedwa kumayiko omwe akutukuka kumene komanso omwe akutukuka kumene kuti apititse patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka ndege. Komabe, ngakhale kuti ntchito zambiri zamakono kapena zomwe zakonzedwa zikupitilirabe kukwaniritsidwa, mayiko ambiri a WBG akukumana ndi zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo pazachuma chatsopano. M'misika yambiri komwe zoyendera ndege
idatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazamalonda ndi zokopa alendo, kukonzanso kokhazikika kwa maulendo apamlengalenga kunakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'dziko. WBG ikuyankha mothandizidwa ndi maiko omwe amakasitomala potsatira mfundo zam'mbuyomu zoyendetsera ntchito zotetezeka, zokhazikika, komanso zotsika mtengo zamayendedwe apamlengalenga. Pachifukwa ichi, zomwe zimatchedwa "Cascade Approach" zikupitiriza kugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimayang'ana mayiko
kukulitsa chuma chachitukuko potengera njira zopezera ndalama zabizinesi ndi njira zokhazikika zamabungwe abizinesi. Chifukwa chake, WBG imangopereka ndalama kumadera omwe mabungwe achinsinsi sakhala bwino kapena palibe.
Lipoti Lapachaka la Air Transport likufotokoza mwachidule zomwe zikuchitika pano pamayendedwe apaulendo a ndege ku WBG ndikuwunikira zina mwazinthu zambiri. Poganizira kuti palibe mapulojekiti akuluakulu atsopano omwe ayambika, ntchito yonseyo idapitilira, monga momwe timayembekezera, kutsika ndi pafupifupi 5% mpaka $ 928 miliyoni. Komabe, poganizira kuti mapulojekiti angapo atsopano akukonzekera ku Caribbean ndi Pacific, komanso chifukwa chofuna thandizo laukadaulo,
mbiri ikuyembekezeka kuwonjezekanso m'zaka zikubwerazi.
Mu izi, makamaka kwa gawo la kayendetsedwe ka ndege, nthawi zovuta, Gulu la Banki Yadziko Lonse likugwirabe ntchito padziko lonse lapansi pothandizira chitukuko chake poyang'ana ndondomeko ndi malamulo, chitetezo, kukonzanso zowonongeka, kulimbikitsa mabungwe, ndi kulimbikitsa mphamvu m'mayiko a makasitomala.
Tikuyembekeza kupitiliza kuthana ndi zovuta zatsopano ndi mwayi wagawoli mu 2020 ndi cholinga chothandizira kupeza mayendedwe otetezeka, otsika mtengo, komanso okhazikika kwa onse.
Dinani apa to tsitsani lipoti la Banki Yadziko Lonse masamba 90 ngati PDF
ZOMWE MUNGACHITE PA NKHANIYI:
- It is a fascinating work due to the drastic changes in the aviation market due to COVID-19 and the changed outlook for 2020.
- Middle Eastern airlines were in the process of restructuring, which resulted in a slowdown in capacity growth.
- On average, African carriers continued to suffer from a very low load factor in 2019, which was expected to improve slightly to 58.
