Kumanga ma eyapoti achi China

Hengyan Nanyue Airport posachedwa ikhala eyapoti yachisanu ndi chimodzi ya anthu wamba m'chigawo cha Hunan, China.
Chen Guaoqiang, director ku Hunan Airport Management Group, adalengeza kuti pakutha kwa 12th 2015-year Plan mu 30, Hunan akadamanga ma eyapoti asanu ndi awiri atsopano ndi ndalama zokwana 5 biliyoni RMB ($ XNUMX biliyoni).

"Hunan ikhala chigawo chomwe chili ndi ma eyapoti ambiri kumwera chapakati," adatero Chen.

Ku China konse, pali chidwi chachikulu pakukulitsa kwa eyapoti, kukonzanso ndi kumanga kwatsopano. Munthawi ya Mapulani a Zaka Zisanu za 12 (2011-2015), ma eyapoti atsopano 56 akonzedwa kuti amangidwe, 16 asamutsidwe ndipo 91 akulitsidwe.

Deta yochokera ku Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) ikuwonetsa kuti panthawiyi, ndalama zomangira zomanga zandege zaku China zidzafika pa 425 biliyoni Yuan ($ 69 biliyoni). Ena akuda nkhawa kuti ndalama zambiri izi zitha kuwonongeka.

Yekha eyapoti
Yongzhou ili pamtunda wa makilomita 150 kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Hengyang, mzinda wachiwiri waukulu kwambiri m'chigawo cha Hunan. Mu 2001, mzindawu unamanga Lingling Airport - eyapoti yokhayo ya anthu wamba kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Hunan.
Patsiku laposachedwa mwezi uno, bwalo la ndege linali labata kwambiri. Popanda maulendo apandege masana, malowa amazolowera kuchita zinthu zochepa masana. Cha m'ma 6 koloko masana, anthu amayamba kukhamukira pabwalo la ndege, koma izi zimatha maola ochepera atatu asanatulukenso.

Pabwalo la ndege pano pali maulendo apandege opita ku Beijing Lolemba, Lachitatu, Lachisanu ndi Lamlungu, ndi ntchito zopita ku Kunming Lachiwiri, Lachinayi ndi Loweruka. Malinga ndi zomwe zatulutsidwa posachedwa ndi CAAC mu Marichi, Lingling Airport idanyamula anthu 12,056 mu 2012, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ikhale ya 174 pa ma eyapoti 183 ku China.
Maulendo apandege opita ku Guangzhou, Shenzhen ndi Haikou onse adachoka ku eyapoti m'mbuyomu, koma zonse zidayima chifukwa chakuchepa kwa anthu. Chaka chilichonse, bwalo la ndege likufunika pafupifupi ma Yuan 10 miliyoni ($1.6 miliyoni) pothandizira boma. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, ili ndi mapulani okulitsa.

Hengyang liwiro
Pali nkhawa kuti manambala okwera pa bwalo la ndege latsopano la Hengyang Nanyue adzakhala ofanana ndi a Lingling Airport.
"Padzakhala zaka zitatu kapena zisanu zotayika," gwero lochokera kumakampani ndi zoyendera za Hengyang Municipal Development and Reform Commission adauza Economic Observer. Wang Boxi wochokera ku Hengyang Nanyue Airport Investment Company akukhulupirira kuti thandizo la boma lidzafunika pazaka zingapo zoyambirira.
Komabe, abwana ake, Zou Xueming amakhulupirira kuti bwalo la ndege la Hengyang silidzakhala ngati Lingling Airport: "Lingling Airport ndi eyapoti ya anthu wamba komanso yankhondo," adatero. "Kufunsira ndege ndizovuta kwambiri, koma Hengyang Airport ingokhala eyapoti ya anthu wamba."
Liwiro lofulumira lomwe pulojekitiyi idapitilira kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mpaka yomanga imatchedwa "Liwiro la Hengyang." Kuwona malo kunayamba mu 2008. Chivomerezo chinachokera ku CAAC mu 2009 komanso kuchokera ku State Council ndi Central Military Commission mu 2010. Mu 2012, lipoti lake lotheka linavomerezedwa ndi National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) ndipo ntchitoyi inaloledwa kuti imangidwe. .

Zou Xueming adati kumanga bwalo la ndege ndikofunikira chifukwa chakufunika komwe kumabweretsa chitukuko chachuma cha Hengyang komanso kukhalapo kwamakampani apamwamba apadziko lonse lapansi monga Omron ndi Foxconn. Bwalo la ndege lithandiziranso kusintha kwachitukuko chachuma ndikuthandizira kulimbikitsa zokopa alendo.

Zou akuti sakudandaula kuti bwalo la ndege likupeza alendo okwanira. Akuti Hengyang ali ndi anthu 7.9 miliyoni, ndipo ngakhale kupyola pali njanji zothamanga kwambiri ndi misewu yayikulu, bwalo la ndege limatha kuthandiza anthu pafupifupi 27 miliyoni ochokera m'mizinda yozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, akuti Hengyang adalandira alendo opitilira 24 miliyoni mu 2011.
Ndalama zonse pabwalo la ndege la Nanyue zidzakhala Yuan 860 miliyoni ($ 140 miliyoni), 270 miliyoni ($ 44 miliyoni) zomwe zidzalipidwa ndi boma lalikulu. Ndi ndalama zingati zomwe boma lachigawo lizipereka ndipo boma la Hengyang silinaganizidwe. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, Hengyang anali ndi GDP ya 142 biliyoni Yuan ($ 23 biliyoni) mu 2011, ndi ndalama zonse zomwe zidafika pa Yuan biliyoni 15.3 ($ 2.5 biliyoni).

Kuyambitsa kukula kwachuma
Mabwalo a ndege a Hunan adakhala otsika kwambiri pamndandanda woyerekeza kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe adadutsa pa eyapoti 183 yaku China mu 2012. Kupatula bwalo la ndege lomwe limatumikira likulu lachigawo la Changsha, lomwe lili pa nambala 12, ma eyapoti ena anayi adafika pa nambala 52, 102, 142. , ndi 174 motsatira.

Koma pofika 2015, Hunan akufuna kumanga ma eyapoti asanu ndi awiri atsopano. "Hunan ili ndi ma eyapoti ochepa, koma msika ndi waukulu," atero a Deng Yuanwu, wachiwiri kwa director pa ntchito yokulitsa eyapoti ya Hunan.

Deng akuwonjeza kuti ntchito yomanga mabwalo a ndege imadutsa njira zokhwima kuphatikiza kuwunika kwa chuma, kuchuluka kwa anthu, kuchuluka kwachuma, kuchuluka kwa maulendo apandege ndi zizindikiro zina zolimba.
Akuluakulu aboma akugogomezeranso kuti ntchito yomanga mabwalo a ndege ikugwirizana ndi ndondomeko ya dziko la mafakitale. Ma eyapoti a Hunan amawononga pafupifupi ma Yuan 15 mpaka 16 miliyoni chaka chilichonse (pafupifupi $ 2.5 miliyoni). Deng anati: “Kutayikiridwako panopa sikukutanthauza kuluza m’tsogolo. "Ma eyapoti ambiri adutsa gawo lokhala ndi alendo ochepa omwe pang'onopang'ono amalowetsa anthu ambiri."

Deng akuti amayang'ana kwambiri momwe bwalo la ndege lingathandizire kukweza mbiri ya malo ndikuthandizira kukula kwachuma. "Foxconn ndi wokonzeka kubwera ku Hengyang," akutero mkulu wa bungwe la Hengyang Municipal Development and Reform Commission. "bwalo la ndege ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa za izi."

Li Xiaojin, pulofesa ku Economic and Management College of Civil Aviation University of China, adauza Economic Observer kuti ma eyapoti amathandizira kwambiri pakuyendetsa galimoto. Chiyerekezo chapakati pazachuma chomwe chimaperekedwa m'mabwalo a ndege kutengera zachuma ndi 1:8 mdziko lonse. Beijing's Capital Airport ili ndi chiyerekezo cha 1:12. Tianjin ndi Chengdu ndi 1:7 ndi 1:5 motsatana, malinga ndi Li. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, ngakhale mabwalo a ndege atatayika, maboma akumaloko amafunitsitsa kuwamanga.

Li Jiaxiang, wamkulu wa CAAC, adauza atolankhani pamsonkhano wapachaka wa nyumba yamalamulo ku China mu Marichi kuti mu 2012, zotayika zonse zomwe ma eyapoti aku China adawononga zidaposa 2 biliyoni Yuan ($ 0.3 biliyoni). Komabe, akuti adalimbikitsa ntchito zachuma za Yuan thililiyoni ziwiri ($ 0.3 thililiyoni).