Mahotela aku China omwe akuchulukirachulukira omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri amapindula popanda zoseweretsa

SHANGHAI - Katswiri waku Germany Michael Bosch sada nkhawa ndi kusowa kwa malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zinthu zina zopatsa thanzi ku hotelo yake ya bajeti munyumba yosinthidwa ya ofesi ya Shanghai. Amakhala m'mahotela otere pafupifupi maulendo khumi ndi awiri opita kumizinda yaku China.

Ndimangofunika kukhala ndi malo aukhondo komanso ofunda. "Sindisamala kwambiri zautumiki," wazaka 32 adatero akudikirira kwa mphindi 10 kuti wolandirira alendo wosokonezedwa amuthandize pa Motel168 m'mphepete mwa chigawo chazachuma cha Shanghai.

Mamiliyoni abizinesi ndi alendo odzaona malo, aku China komanso akunja, akutenga mwayi chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwamahotela aku China, omwe amapereka zipinda zosakwana $50 usiku uliwonse poyerekeza ndi pafupifupi $200 m'mahotela a nyenyezi zisanu.

Kuchuluka kwa zipinda zama hotelo otengera ndalama zachulukirachulukira mzaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazi kuchoka pa ziro kufika pa 100,000 pomwe pali mitundu yopitilira 100 yomwe ikupikisana kuti igulitse msika wa zokopa alendo womwe ukukula mwachangu ku China. Mitundu yopitilira 100 yatuluka.

Makampani opanga mahotela aku China omwe akukula mwachangu akufanana ndi ku US motel boom ya 1950s, yomwe idalimbikitsidwa ndi zokopa alendo komanso misewu yayikulu.

"China ili ndi chiwerengero cha anthu kuwirikiza kanayi kuposa cha US, ndi kuthekera kukhala msika waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse wa hotelo za bajeti," adatero Wang Lie, mkulu wa zachuma pa ndondomeko ya bajeti ya Hanting Hotels.

Ogulitsa akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono aku China, kuphatikizapo olemera akunja monga Morgan Stanley, Warburg Pincus ndi Merrill Lynch, akuchulukirachulukira mumsikawu, ngakhale kuti mpikisano woopsa ndi zipinda zolowera pansi tsopano zikuwopseza kuvulaza phindu.

Kusintha kwa ndale ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, komanso kukwera kwachuma kwa China, kwathandizira makampaniwa. Mpaka posachedwa, boma silinachitepo kanthu kuti lilimbikitse nzika zake kuyenda m'nyumba, mwina chifukwa chodera nkhawa za chitetezo cha anthu komanso bata.

Ambiri apaulendo aku China amayenera kukhala ku "nyumba za alendo" zoyendetsedwa ndi maboma am'deralo, zodziwika bwino ndi zipinda zogona zapanyumba, kusowa kwa zotenthetsera komanso mipope yamadzi.

Koma mu 1999, boma lalikulu lidayamba kulimbikitsa maulendo ngati njira yolimbikitsira chuma, ndikupanga tchuthi chapadziko lonse cha milungu itatu chomwe chimakulitsa kufunika kwa zipinda zama hotelo.

Zimenezo zinachititsa kuti ulendowu ukhale wabwino. Mu 2006, maulendo apanyumba okwana 1.39 biliyoni a alendo aku China adapanga $85 biliyoni, kukwera ndi 17 peresenti kuchokera mu 2005, zidziwitso zaposachedwa zikuwonetsa. Magwero amakampani akuti kukula kukupitilirabe chimodzimodzi.

NDONDOMEKO YA BOMA

Msika woyendera bizinesi waku China ndiofunika pafupifupi $10 biliyoni, wachinayi padziko lonse lapansi, malinga ndi American Express.

Masewera a Olimpiki ku China mu Ogasiti uno, ndi Shanghai World Expo mu 2010, akuyembekezeka kuthandizira kuti kufunikira kukukulirakulira pambuyo poti Beijing adaganiza mwezi watha kuti achepetse tchuthi cha sabata kuchokera pa atatu mpaka awiri.

"Ndalama zakhala zikulowa mumsika wotenthawu ndipo wosewera aliyense akuchulukirachulukira pamsika," atero a Xu Rongzu, Purezidenti wa Jinjiang Inn ya Shanghai, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1996 ngati hotelo yoyamba yaku China.

Mosiyana ndi maulendo apamwamba, makampani opanga mahotela aku China amatsogola ndi mitundu yakomweko. Ngakhale kuti mahotela otsika mtengo akopa alendo oyendera bajeti komanso onyamula katundu ochokera kunja, makasitomala ambiri ndi am'deralo omwe sadziwa zamitundu yakunja.

Makampani ang'onoang'ono, othamanga kwambiri aku China atha kulowa mumsika pomwe opikisana nawo akunja akuchitabe maphunziro otheka, popeza ndalama zambiri muhotelo ya bajeti zimangokhala $ 1 miliyoni ndipo zimatha kubwezeredwa zaka zitatu kapena zisanu.

Makampaniwa akopa mabizinesi aku China kuphatikiza Ji Qi, wazaka 42, mwana wa mlimi wodula, wolankhula mwachangu. Anasiya ntchito yake yoyang'anira malonda a makompyuta ku Shanghai chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990 kuti ayende ku United States kwa chaka chimodzi, asanabwerere kukakhazikitsa mndandanda wamakampani.

Adakhazikitsanso Ctrip yothandiza pa intaneti mu 1999 ndi Home Inns, yomwe tsopano ndi hotelo yayikulu kwambiri ku China, mu 2001. Onsewa adalembedwa pamsika waku US Nasdaq. Ji tsopano akufuna kukhala ndi mindandanda yakunja kwa Hanting Hotels, yomwe adakhazikitsa mu 2005.

Ji akuti bizinesi ya hotelo ya bajeti ndi yokongola chifukwa dziko likusintha kuchoka ku kukula kwa "Made in China" kupita ku "Service by China", monga kuipitsa ndi kusagwirizana kwa malonda a mayiko kumatanthauza kuti silingathenso kudalira kukula kwa kupanga.

ZOTHANDIZA MALO

Kulamuliridwa kwa mabizinesi aku China kwasiya ndalama zabizinesi m'makampani am'deralo ngati njira yosavuta kuti osunga ndalama ambiri akunja alowemo.

Home Inns idapeza ndalama zoposa $109 miliyoni pamndandanda wake wa Nasdaq wa Okutobala 2006 atagulitsa ndalama kuchokera ku kampani yaku US ya IDG Ventures. Ikukonzekera kuchulukitsa kuwirikiza kanayi chiŵerengero cha mahotelo ake kufika pa 1,000 m’zaka zingapo ndikukula kunja kwa China kupita ku Asia.

7 Days Inn yochokera ku Shenzhen, gulu lachisanu lalikulu kwambiri ku China, ikukonzekera kuchulukitsa katatu kuchuluka kwa mahotela mpaka 200 mu 2008 atalandira mu Seputembala jekeseni wa $95 miliyoni kuchokera ku Merrill Lynch, Deutsche Bank ndi Warburg Pincus.

Koma maunyolo ena akuluakulu akunja akuganiza kuti ali ndi ukadaulo wopikisana nawo ku China, komwe kukhazikitsa dzina kungawathandize kukopa mabizinesi akunja kuchokera kwa mazana masauzande a alendo aku China omwe ayamba kupita kutsidya lina.

Accor, hotelo yayikulu kwambiri ku Europe, ikufuna kukhala ndi mahotela okwana 120 a Ibis ku China pofika chaka cha 2010, kuchokera pa asanu ndi anayi tsopano - ngakhale ndalama zambiri za Accor zaku China zibwerabe kuchokera ku hotelo zake zapamwamba za Sofitel ndi Novotel.

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mafakitale ambiri aku China, kukwera kwachuma kungayambitse kugwedezeka. Mpikisano wamakasitomala ndi malo omwe ali pamalo abwino akukweza ndalama zogwirira ntchito pomwe zikuwononga renti ndi mitengo ya anthu okhalamo.
Zipinda zamahotelo azabajeti zidatsika ndi 45 peresenti pafupifupi mu 2006 ndipo kuchuluka kwa anthu kudatsika kufika pa 82.4 peresenti kuchokera pa 89 peresenti, zomwe zachitika posachedwa kwambiri ndi unduna wa zamalonda zikuwonetsa - ngakhale izi zidatsala pang'ono kupitilira kuchuluka kwamakampani amahotelo pafupifupi 60 peresenti.

Kubwereketsa nyumba, gawo lalikulu la ndalama, kudakwera kasanu kuposa mitengo yanyumba yaku China yomwe idagwa kale mu 2006.

"Vuto lalikulu kwa ogwira ntchito kuhotelo ya bajeti ndikuwongolera mtengo," atero a Jinjiang a Xu. "Kuphatikiza pa kukwera kwa renti, kukwera kwamitengo yamagetsi ndi malipiro akuwonjezera ndalama."

Msikawu wapwetekedwanso ndi mahotela ambiri osakhazikika, omwe amayendetsedwa mwachinsinsi omwe adatha kudzitcha "unyolo wa bajeti" chifukwa chakusakhazikika kwa boma, atero a Zhang Minghou, wogwira ntchito ku China Hotel Association.

Zhang adathandizira kukonza malamulo, kuti afalitsidwe chaka chino, opangidwa kuti aziwongolera gawo ndi miyezo yautumiki.

"China salinso gawo lachikale la mahotela a bajeti, ndipo masiku opeza phindu atha," atero a Ji Yue, mkulu wa kampani yaku US ya Sequoia Capital. “Pali kale atsogoleri odziwikiratu amsika. Tikuyembekeza kuwona kugwirizana. ”

Home Inns, Motel168 ndi Jinjiang Inn, yomwe ili mbali ya Shanghai Jinjiang International Hotels Group, ikulamulira kale 44 peresenti ya msika, ndipo izi zikhoza kukwera.

Mu Okutobala, Home Inns idapeza mahotela ena 26 pogula mnzake wazaka ziwiri wa Top Star. Chief Executive Officer David Sun wati kugula kudzatenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu akukula kwa Home Inns pakapita nthawi.

Koma maunyolo ena atha kuchita bwino chifukwa cha magawo amsika, adatero Wang ku Hanting Hotels. "Kuthekera ku China ndikwambiri, ndipo simasewera opambana."

Pofuna kupewa mpikisano wachindunji ndi osewera otsogola, Hanting amadzitcha kuti ndi hotelo "yapakati" ndipo imayang'ana apaulendo wabizinesi.

Mahotela ake amakongoletsedwa ndi zojambula zamafuta ndipo chipinda chilichonse chimakhala ndi mizere iwiri yokha ya intaneti.

Ndipo oyendetsa sitima zapamadzi olamulidwa ndi Malaysia a Star Cruises alowa mumsika polunjika kumapeto, akulipiritsa apaulendo ndalama zosakwana $14 yuan usiku uliwonse poyerekeza ndi kuwirikiza kawiri ku Home Inns. ($1 = 7.24 yuan)

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