Choonadi pamlandu

Chaputala cha New York cha The Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) chaganiziridwa posachedwa CHOONADI ndi kuchiyika pamlandu. Gululi linaphatikizapo akatswiri atolankhani, zamalonda ndi zamaphunziro omwe adafotokoza malingaliro awo ndi zomwe adakumana nazo pokhudzana ndi machitidwe awo komanso zomwe adakumana nazo pantchito yolumikizana ndi anthu.

Ngakhale kuti panali kuvomerezana kwachisawawa kuti kufotokoza chowonadi nthaŵi zambiri kunali njira yabwino kuposa kupereka chinthu china, opezeka pa msonkhanowo anafunsidwa kuti, “Kodi munayamba mwanama?” Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a omverawo anavomereza kuti ananena mawu amene sanali oona kwenikweni.

Institute for Public Relations idachitanso msonkhano womwewo mu 2018, kuyang'ana Kuwola kwa Choonadi ndi chizolowezi chophatikiza zowona ndi zopeka. Chochitikacho chinayang'ana akatswiri olankhulana ndi anthu komanso udindo wawo monga "opanga ndi ofalitsa zidziwitso omwe amadalira kukhulupirira malo azidziwitso." Mgwirizanowu? PR imatenga gawo pakunena zoona ndipo Tina McCorkindale, Purezidenti ndi CEO wa Institute adati, "... Norris West, director of Strategic Communications, The Annie E. Casey Foundation, adapeza kuti, "Iwo [PR} pamapeto pake amabisa chowonadi kudzera m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ...

Kubwera pansi pa mbali ya makhalidwe, McCorkindale anatsimikiza, kuti kumapeto kwa tsiku, "... kulephera kupereka zowona, deta weniweni si zoipa, koma amawononga chidaliro chonse mwa akatswiri ... chikhulupiriro akhoza kutayika mosavuta."

Kukhala m'dziko la Trump

Anthu ena amaganiza kuti Donald Trump wakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri poyambitsa ndi kulimbikitsa zongopeka, malingaliro a chiwembu ndi mabodza; komabe, Kurt Andersen (mlembi, Fantasyland: Momwe American West Haywire) amapeza kuti zongopeka zakhala nafe kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa dziko la Republic ndipo Achimerika akhala okonzeka kukhulupirira zomwe akufuna kukhulupirira kwa zaka mazana ambiri.

Kodi Pali Kusiyana?

Malinga ndi Larry Walsh (the 2112group.com) pali kusiyana pakati pa chowonadi ndi chowonadi. Walsh amawona kuti zowona nzosatsutsika, kutengera kafukufuku waukadaulo komanso wowerengeka. Choonadi chikhoza kutsimikiziridwa, kutsimikiziridwa ndi mbiri yakale.

Chowonadi chitha kuphatikiza zowona komanso chitha kuzikidwa pazikhulupiliro (malinga ndi Walsh). Anthu ena amakonda chowonadi kuposa zenizeni chifukwa amamasuka ndi chidziwitsocho, chosavuta kumva komanso amatha kuwonetsa malingaliro awo omwe adalipo kale.

Walsh amapeza kuti ngakhale zowona zili zosatsutsika; chowonadi ndi chovomerezeka. Katswiri wazachuma Charles Wheelan (Naked Economics; Naked Statistic) apeza kuti, “…ndikosavuta kunama ndi ziwerengero, koma nkovuta kunena zoona popanda iwo.”

Kellyanne Conway, Phungu wa US kwa Purezidenti Trump adati, panthawi yofunsana ndi atolankhani (Januware 22, 2017), atapanikizidwa panthawi yofunsidwa ndi a Chuck Todd, akufotokoza chifukwa chake Secretary Secretary Sean Spicer "ananena zabodza," adanenanso kuti Spicer anali. kupereka "zinthu zina." Pofuna kuteteza zomwe ananena, Conway adaganiza kuti "zinthu zina" zinali "zowonjezera komanso zina."

Kodi Tingapeze Choonadi?

Ndi mwayi wapadziko lonse wopeza chidziwitso chopanda malire tiyenera kuwerenga kapena kumva chowonadi; komabe, malinga ndi Rand Institute, tikukumana ndi Kuwonongeka kwa Choonadi m'moyo wa anthu aku America. Jennifer Kavanagh ndi Michael D. Rich (2018) olemba Truth Decay, atsimikiza kuti pali njira zinayi zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

1. Zowona sizimawonedwanso ngati CHOONADI; palinso kusagwirizana pa zomwe zili zoona. Deta ikufunsidwa, kuphatikizapo njira zomwe zimasonkhanitsira, kusanthula ndi kumasulira.
2. Mzere pakati pa malingaliro ndi chowona wakhala pafupifupi wosawoneka.
3. Malingaliro ndi zokumana nazo zaumwini zikutenga malo a zenizeni ndi zoona.
4. Magwero olemekezedwa kale a zowona sakudalirikanso.

Ari-Elmeri Hyvonen (2018, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland) adatsimikiza kuti Donald Trump wasonyeza kukana kwake kwathunthu ndi kudana ndi zenizeni zenizeni. Monga William Connolly (2017) adanena, Trump adavomereza lingaliro la "bodza lalikulu" lomwe limadziwika kwa ife kuchokera ku zofalitsa za National Socialism zomwe zimapeza kuti ndi Adolf Hitler, ku Mein Kampf, yemwe adanena kuti anthu ambiri amanyengedwa mosavuta ndi mabodza akuluakulu kuposa ang'onoang'ono (Hitler, 1943, 231-232). “Bodza lalikulu” limagwira ntchito chifukwa limanenedwa ndi munthu kapena anthu aulamuliro; amakopa maganizo osati kulingalira; imatsimikizira kukondera kwachibadwa (ngakhale ngati sikunavomerezedwe) mwa omvera; ndipo amabwerezedwa ndi kubwerezedwa ndi kubwerezedwa.

Hyvonen amafotokozanso lingaliro la Kulankhula Mosasamala komwe kuli "kopanda chisamaliro." Kulankhula kotereku sikukhudzana ndi chowonadi, kumawonetsa kusafuna kuyanjana ndi malingaliro ena, sikuvomereza mfundo yakuti kuyankhula kumakhala ndi zotsatira ndi mawu ofunika. Kalankhulidwe kotereku kamapangitsanso kuti munthu asadziwe bwino: Kodi mawu onenedwa mokweza akutanthauzadi? Chikhulupiriro n’chakuti chilichonse chonenedwa sichinganenedwe.

Kodi Ndi Bodza Kapena BS?

Harry Frankfurt, m’bukhu lake lakuti On Bullshit (University of Princeton) akusonyeza lingaliro la “bullshit” kupeza kuti “bullshitter” ali wosalabadira kotheratu mmene zinthu ziliri. Wabodza amayesa kubisa coonadi pamene munthu wankhanza amangofuna kukwanilitsa cifunilo cake.

Hyvonen apeza kuti “…kulankhula mosasamala sikumangirira pa mawu opanda pake amene amamveka bwino koma opanda tanthauzo. M’malo monyengerera, kulankhula mosasamala kumayambitsa chisokonezo ndi kuletsa mkangano wa demokalase.”

Kodi Choonadi Chimabisala?

Kavanagh ndi Rich adatsimikiza kuti pali kuwola kwa chowonadi chifukwa cha kuzindikira, kuchuluka kwa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi zidziwitso zina, komanso kulephera kwa ogula kuyenderana ndi kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chomwe chimapezeka mosavuta, kusintha kwa magwero a chidziwitso, ndi magawano pakati pa ndale ndi anthu.

Pamene tikuchoka ku mfundo ndi deta zomwe zili zothandiza (ngati sizotsutsa) pazokambirana za ndale ndi ndondomeko za ndondomeko, pali kuchepa kwa zokambirana za anthu chifukwa sitingathe kuvomereza kuvomereza (kapena kusagwirizana). Kusapezeka kwa mgwirizano pazowona kumafooketsanso mabungwe ofunikira azikhalidwe, akazembe komanso azachuma.

Ofalitsa achoka pa kudalira zowona ndi nkhani zolimba mpaka kudalira ndemanga ndi malingaliro chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa bajeti komanso misika yomwe akufuna. Zimenezi zimawonjezera mélange wa mfundo ndi maganizo, zikumawonjezera liŵiro limene chowonadi chimavunda.

Mabungwe amaphunziro ndi kafukufuku, omwe amayang'anizana ndi zomwe akufuna kufalitsa (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi othandizira makampani kapena ndondomeko zina zopezera ndalama) nthawi zambiri zimatsogolera kufalitsa malingaliro okondera, osokeretsa kapena olakwika, kukwaniritsa zosowa za omwe akuwathandiza, ndi kutaya malo a maphunziro. zokonda za ogula.

Kavanagh ndi Rich akulozera zala za ndale ndi oimira boma, kuphatikizapo mabungwe a federal, Congress, akuluakulu a boma ndi a m'deralo ndi mabungwe azamalamulo omwe ali ndi gawo lozungulira zambiri mpaka kufika povuta kusiyanitsa zoona ndi zopeka. Olankhulira mayiko ndi akazi amasokoneza kusiyana pakati pa malingaliro ndi mfundo zomwe zimawonjezera chikoka chawo pakuphatikiza zochitika zaumwini ndi malingaliro ndikupangitsa kuti ziwonekere kukhala zofunika kwambiri kuposa zenizeni.

Nkhani Zapawayilesi Zimapanga Zosakanikirana

Ganizilani za mapulogalamu a pawailesi yakanema otsogozedwa ndi Rachel Maddow, ndi Sean Hannity, pamene pali kusakanizana kwa mfundo ndi malingaliro opanda mizere yomveka bwino yolekanitsa wina ndi mzake. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa chidziwitso kuchokera pawailesi yakanema, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, magazini ankhani zapaintaneti ndi olemba mabulogu kumapangitsa kuti pakhale chidziwitso chotopetsa kugaya, osasiya kusiyanitsa mfundo ndi malingaliro, mabodza ndi BS.

Ngakhale Ana Amasokonezeka

Kafukufuku wa 2016 ku Stanford wa ana asukulu zapakati adapeza kuti nthawi zambiri amalephera kusiyanitsa kukhulupirika kwa chidziwitso cha intaneti, kulekanitsa nkhani zoona ndi nkhani zabodza. Sanathenso kusiyanitsa zotsatsa ndi zomwe zidathandizidwa kapena kuwunika kukondera kwa chidziwitso pozindikira ngati zomwe ananena zinali zoona kapena malingaliro.

Rand ndi Wachiyembekezo

Kafukufuku / lipoti la Rand ndi chiyembekezo kuti kudzera mu lipoti lofufuza malo azidziwitso amatha kusintha. Amasonyezanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito bwino deta ndi kusintha kwa ndondomeko ya boma kudzalimbikitsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuyankha ndi kuwonekera. Amalimbikitsanso kufunikira kosintha njira zoyankhulirana za data ndi zowona - kuwonetsa deta m'njira yosawopseza komanso dongosolo la "heads up", kuchenjeza ogula kuti zomwe akuwerenga kapena kumva zitha kusinthidwa kapena zabodza.

Ubale Wapagulu - Kodi Ndi Choonadi?

Malinga ndi a Mark Weiner, Chief Insights Officer, Cision ndi CEO, Prime Research Americas, ubale wapagulu umakhudza chowonadi ndi chowonadi. Mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Mass Media Ethics , akatswiri a PR ali ndi udindo wotsogolera choonadi kuti bungwe lipindule. Ndikuyang'ana kwa PR pachowonadi ndi kuwonekera komwe kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale gawo lofunikira la c-suite.

Malinga ndi kunena kwa Anthony D’Angelo, Pulofesa wa Practice in Public Relations, wa pa yunivesite ya Syracuse, “Sitidzanama kapena kusokeretsa. Timasewera mwachilungamo ... sitichita chilichonse chomwe sitikanafuna kuti chiululidwe kwambiri ndi atolankhani. " Akatswiri a PR ali ndi udindo wopanga chidaliro ndi makasitomala, olemba anzawo ntchito komanso atolankhani.

Malinga ndi a Leslie Gottlieb, Purezidenti NY Chaputala, PRSA, "Tsopano ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa kale kuti ntchito yathu ikwaniritse mfundo zathu zazikulu komanso udindo wathu wotumikira anthu."

Pulogalamu. Choonadi Pamayesero: Udindo wa Choonadi mu Gulu Lamakono

© Dr. Elinor Garely. Nkhani yakulemba, kuphatikiza zithunzi, sizingatengeredwe popanda chilolezo cholemba kuchokera kwa wolemba.