Asayansi amafotokoza gawo la mapuloteni ena m'badwo wamaselo ofunikira pakukonza mafupa
Matenda osachiritsika a mafupa ndi mafupa, monga kufooka kwa mafupa ndi nyamakazi, zimakhudza mamiliyoni a anthu padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka okalamba, kuwononga moyo wawo. Chofunikira kwambiri pamatenda onsewa ndikuchulukitsa kwa maselo osungunuka mafupa otchedwa osteoclasts. Osteoclast amapangidwa kudzera pakusiyanitsa ndi mtundu wina wa chitetezo chamthupi chotchedwa macrophage, pambuyo pake amapeza gawo lawo latsopano pakukonza mafupa ndi mafupa: kuphwanya minofu ya mafupa kulola ma osteoblasts - mtundu wina wa khungu - kukonzanso ndi kukonza mafupa .
Mwachidziwikire, pali njira ziwiri zama cell zomwe zimasiyanitsa izi: choyamba, kusindikiza-komwe mthenga wa RNA (mRNA) amapangidwa kuchokera ku ma genetic mu DNA - kenako, kumasulira - komwe chidziwitso mu mRNA chimasankhidwa kuti apange mapuloteni omwe kugwira ntchito zina mu selo. Chiyambireni kupezeka kwa puloteni inayake yotchedwa RANKL pakupanga mafupa, asayansi athetsa gawo lalikulu lazosokoneza zomwe njira zosonyeza ma cell ndi ma transcript ma network amayang'anira mibadwo ya osteoclast. Komabe, njira zam'masamba-kusindikiza zamagetsi zomwe zikukhudzidwa sizikudziwika.
Tsopano, mu kafukufuku watsopano wofalitsidwa mu Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, asayansi ku Tokyo University of Science, Japan, adatulutsa gawo la protein yotchedwa Cpeb4 munjira yovutayi. Cpeb4 ndi gawo la "cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding (CPEB)" banja la mapuloteni, omwe amalumikizana ndi RNA ndikuwongolera kutanthauzira ndi kupondereza, komanso njira zina "zopopera" zomwe zimapanga mapuloteni osiyanasiyana. Dr Tadayoshi Hayata, yemwe adatsogolera kafukufukuyu, akufotokoza kuti: "Mapuloteni a CPEB amakhudzidwa ndimatenda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, monga autism, khansa, komanso kusiyanitsa maselo ofiira. Komabe, ntchito zawo pakusiyanitsa kwa osteoclast sizidziwika bwino. Chifukwa chake tidachita zoyeserera zingapo kuti tipeze zomanga thupi zochokera kubanja ili, Cpeb4, pogwiritsa ntchito magulu amitundu yama mbewa. "
M'mayeso osiyanasiyana achikhalidwe omwe adachitika, ma macrophages a mbewa adalimbikitsidwa ndi RANKL kuti ayambitse kusiyanitsa kwa osteoclast ndipo kusinthika kwachikhalidwe kunayang'aniridwa. Choyamba, asayansi adapeza kuti mtundu wa Cpeb4, ndipo chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa protein ya Cpeb4, kudakulirakulira pakusiyanitsa kwa mafupa. Kenako, kudzera mu microscopy ya immunofluorescence, adawonetsa kusintha kwa malo a Cpeb4 m'maselo. Adapeza kuti Cpeb4 imachoka pa cytoplasm kupita mu mtima, ndikupereka mawonekedwe ake (ma osteoclast amakonda kuphatikizana ndikupanga maselo okhala ndi ma nuclei angapo). Izi zikuwonetsa kuti ntchito ya Cpeb4 yokhudzana ndi kusiyanitsa kwa ma osteoclast mwina ikuchitika mkati mwa mtima.
Kuti mumvetsetse momwe kukondweretsedwa kwa RANKL kumapangitsa kuti Cpeb4 isinthidwe, asayansi amasankha "oletsa" kapena kupondereza ena mwa mapuloteni omwe amatenga nawo gawo "kutsika" munjira zamagetsi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kukondoweza. Adazindikira njira ziwiri zofunikira pakuchita izi. Ngakhale zili choncho, kuyesereranso kwina kudzafunika kuti muphunzire mwatsatanetsatane za zochitika zomwe zimachitika komanso mapuloteni onse omwe akukhudzidwa.
Pomaliza, Dr Hayata ndi gulu lake adawonetsa kuti Cpeb4 ndiyofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mafupa pogwiritsa ntchito zikhalidwe za macrophage momwe Cpeb4 idatha. Maselo azikhalidwe izi sanasiyane kusiyanasiyana kukhala ma osteoclasts.
Kuphatikizidwa, zotsatira zake ndi mwala wopondera kuti mumvetsetse njira zamagetsi zomwe zimakhudzanso mapangidwe a osteoclast. Dr Hayata akuti: "Kafukufuku wathu akuwunikira gawo lofunikira la mapuloteni omanga RNA Cpeb4 ngati" wothandizira "wabwino wosiyanitsa ma osteoclast. Izi zimatithandiza kumvetsetsa bwino momwe matenda am'mafupa ndi mafupa amagwirira ntchito ndipo zithandizira pakupanga njira zochiritsira matenda akulu monga kufooka kwa mafupa ndi nyamakazi. ” Tikukhulupirira, kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwa matenda amtundu wa osteoclast otsogozedwa ndi kafukufukuyu pamapeto pake kumasintha kukhala moyo wabwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opweteka komanso mafupa.
Pafupi ndi Tokyo University of Science
Tokyo University of Science (TUS) ndi yunivesite yotchuka komanso yolemekezeka, komanso yunivesite yayikulu kwambiri yopanga kafukufuku payekha ku Japan, yomwe ili ndi masukulu anayi pakati pa Tokyo ndi madera ake komanso ku Hokkaido. Yakhazikitsidwa ku 1881, yunivesiteyi yathandizira popititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha sayansi ku Japan pophunzitsa kukonda asayansi mwa akatswiri, akatswiri, ndi aphunzitsi.
Ndi cholinga cha "Kupanga sayansi ndi ukadaulo wa chitukuko chogwirizana cha chilengedwe, anthu, ndi gulu", TUS yapanga kafukufuku wambiri kuchokera pazoyambira mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi. TUS yatenga njira zophunzitsira zingapo kuti zifufuze ndikuphunzira mwakuya mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri masiku ano. TUS ndi mgwirizano pakati pomwe sayansi yabwino imadziwika ndikukula. Ndi yunivesite yokhayo payokha ku Japan yomwe yatulutsa Mphoto ya Nobel komanso yunivesite yokhayokha ku Asia yopanga Opambana Mphotho ya Nobel pamunda wa sayansi yachilengedwe.
About Pulofesa Wothandizira Tadayoshi Hayata waku Tokyo University of Science
Kuyambira 2018, Dr Tadayoshi Hayata akhala Wothandizira Pulofesa komanso Wofufuza Wamkulu ku department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, ku Tokyo University of Science. Labotale yake imayang'ana kwambiri kagayidwe kamafupa, kusiyanasiyana kwama cell, ma pharmacology am'magulu, ndi magawo ofanana kuti amvetsetse mtundu wa matenda am'mafupa ndi olumikizana ndikupeza zomwe akufuna kuchita. Dr Hayata amalumikizana ndi magulu angapo achi Japan ndi American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. Adasindikiza zolemba zoyambirira zopitilira 50 ndikupereka mawonedwe opitilira 150 pamisonkhano yamaphunziro. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wake wokhudza kufooka kwa mafupa wapanga nyuzipepala zaku Japan kangapo.
Zomwe zimapereka ndalama
Kafukufukuyu adathandizidwa ndi JSPS KAKENHI [nambala ya thandizo 18K09053]; Nanken-Kyoten, TMDU (2019); Nakatomi Foundation; Thandizo Lofufuza za Astellas; Zopereka Pfizer zamaphunziro; Daiichi-Sankyo Zopereka Phunziro; Zopereka za Teijin Pharma Maphunziro; Eli Lilly Japan Kupereka Maphunziro; Kupereka kwa Otsuka Pharmaceutical Academic Contribution; Kupereka kwa Maphunziro ku Shionogi; Chopereka cha Chugai Pharmaceutical Academic.
