Dementia ndi Kusungulumwa: Ulalo Watsopano Wachisoni Wowonjezera Chiwopsezo

Pamene kudzipatula kwa anthu ku United States kukuchulukirachulukira pakati pa achikulire, kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kugwirizana kodziwika pakati pa kusungulumwa ndi chiwopsezo cha dementia, komanso chomwe chili chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kwa Achimerika omwe akuyimira gawo lalikulu la anthu.               

Mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa February 7 mu Neurology, magazini yachipatala ya American Academy of Neurology, ofufuza adapeza kuwonjezeka katatu kwa chiopsezo cha dementia wotsatira pakati pa anthu osungulumwa a ku America a zaka zapakati pa 80 omwe akanatha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa. kutengera zaka komanso chibadwa chowopsa. Kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti kusungulumwa kumalumikizidwa ndi ntchito yocheperako (ie, gulu lachidziwitso chomwe chimaphatikizapo kupanga zisankho, kukonzekera, kusinthasintha kwachidziwitso, komanso kuwongolera chidwi) komanso kusintha kwaubongo komwe kukuwonetsa kusatetezeka ku matenda a Alzheimer's ndi dementia yofananira ( ADRD).

"Phunziroli likugogomezera kufunikira kwa kusungulumwa ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pofuna kuthana ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi dementia pamene tikukalamba," anatero wofufuza wamkulu Joel Salinas, MD, MBA, MSc, Lulu P. ndi David J. Levidow Wothandizira Pulofesa wa Neurology ku NYU Grossman School of Medicine ndi membala wa dipatimenti ya Neurology Center for Cognitive Neurology. "Kuvomereza zizindikiro za kusungulumwa mwa inu nokha ndi ena, kumanga ndi kusunga maubwenzi ochirikiza, kupereka chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali osungulumwa m'miyoyo yathu - izi ndi zofunika kwa aliyense. Koma ndizofunikira kwambiri tikamakalamba kuti tiwonjezere mwayi woti tichedwetse kapenanso kupewa kutsika kwa chidziwitso. ”

Dementia imakhudza akuluakulu opitilira 6.2 miliyoni ku United States, malinga ndi lipoti lapadera la 2021 la Alzheimer's Association. Chiyambireni mliri wa coronavirus, kusungulumwa kwakhudza anthu aku America pafupifupi 46 miliyoni, ndipo kusungulumwa kumachitika pafupipafupi mwa achikulire azaka 60 kapena kuposerapo.

“Kafukufukuyu ndi chikumbutso chakuti, ngati tikufuna kuika patsogolo thanzi la ubongo, sitinganyalanyaze mbali ya zinthu zamaganizo monga kusungulumwa ndi malo amene timakhala nawo tsiku ndi tsiku,” akutero Dr. Salinas. "Nthawi zina, njira yabwino yodzisamalira tokha komanso anthu omwe timawakonda ndikungofikira nthawi zonse ndikufufuza - kuvomereza ndikuvomerezedwa."

Dr. Salinas anawonjezera kuti: “Timauzana wina ndi mnzake tikakhala osungulumwa, timayamikirana mmene kusungulumwa kuli kofala, ndi kuvomereza kuti kupatsa ndi kupempha chichirikizo kungakhale kovuta. Mwamwayi, kusungulumwa kungathe kuthetsedwa. Ndipo ngakhale tingafunike kukhala pachiwopsezo komanso kupanga njira zatsopano zolumikizirana, mwayi ndi wakuti ngakhale kachitidwe kakang'ono kwambiri kangakhale kothandiza. ”

Momwe Phunziro Lidachitidwira

Pogwiritsa ntchito deta yobwerezabwereza ya Framingham Study (FS) ya anthu, ofufuza adawunikira anthu a 2,308 omwe anali opanda dementia pachiyambi, omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 73. Miyezo ya neuropsychological ndi MRI ya ubongo inapezedwa pofufuza ndipo ophunzira adafunsidwa kangati iwo. kudzimva kukhala wosungulumwa limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina za kupsinjika maganizo, monga ngati kugona kosakhazikika kapena kusafuna kudya. Ophunzirawo adawunikidwanso za kukhalapo kwa chibadwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's otchedwa APOE ε4 allele. Ponseponse, 144 mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo 2,308 adanenanso kuti adasungulumwa masiku atatu kapena kupitilira apo sabata yatha.

Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe adaphunzirawo adawunikidwa kwa zaka khumi chifukwa cha dementia pogwiritsa ntchito njira zolimba zachipatala, ndipo 329 mwa 2,308 omwe adatenga nawo gawo pambuyo pake adapezeka ndi matendawa. Mwa anthu 144 omwe anali osungulumwa, 31 adayamba kudwala matenda a dementia. Ngakhale kuti panalibe mgwirizano waukulu pakati pa kusungulumwa ndi dementia mwa omwe ali ndi zaka 80 kapena kuposerapo, achinyamata azaka zapakati pa 60 mpaka 79 omwe anali osungulumwa anali ochulukirapo kuwirikiza kawiri kuti ayambe kudwala matenda a maganizo. Kusungulumwa kunalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka katatu pakati pa achinyamata omwe sanatenge APOE ε4 allele.

Ofufuzawo adawona kuti kuchulukitsa katatu pachiwopsezocho mwina kunali kokhudzana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa kusungulumwa komanso zizindikiro zoyamba zachidziwitso ndi neuroanatomical zachiwopsezo cha ADRD, zomwe zikukweza zomwe zingachitike paumoyo wa anthu pazochitika za kusungulumwa. Zomwe zapeza zinawonetsa kuti kusungulumwa kumakhudzana ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwautsogoleri, kuchepa kwa ubongo wonse, komanso kuvulala kwakukulu kwa zinthu zoyera, zomwe ndizizindikiro za kusatetezeka kwa chidziwitso.

Kuwonjezera pa Dr. Salinas, ofufuza ochokera ku Boston University School of Public Health, Boston University School of Medicine, University of California Davis, ndi Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases ku University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio nawonso adakhudzidwa. mu phunziro.