Ntchito zokopa alendo ku Sri Lanka: kukoka kwaubongo kapena phindu laubongo?

Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka

Zambiri zanenedwa zakuchuluka kwa zokopa alendo ku Sri Lanka, komanso kuchepa kwa anthu ogwira ntchito komwe kukuyenera kukumana nako.

Zambiri zanenedwa, ndikukambirana za kuchuluka kwa zokopa alendo ku Sri Lanka, komanso kuchepa kwa anthu ogwira ntchito komwe kukumana ndi makampaniwa. Posachedwapa ntchito yaboma, yomwe idakonzedwa ndi You Lead (ya USAID) idavumbulutsa mapu amisewu othandiza momwe angathetsere zina mwa izi. (Mukutsogolera: Sri-Lanka-Tourism and Hospitality Workforce Competitiveness Roadmap-2018-2023).

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa manambala ndikuwunika kuli kovuta kuti tipeze molondola chifukwa chakusowa chidziwitso chokwanira, anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti pafupifupi owonjezera 100,000 ogwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana m'magulu osiyanasiyana adzafunika kuti akwaniritse zomwe zikuyembekezeka kukula mu Tourism mzaka zitatu zikubwerazi. (Economy Yotsatira 3)

Mapu amisewu omwe atchulidwawa kwa nthawi yoyamba, malingaliro aboma pazomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa, ndi zoyeserera zomveka ndi mapulani. Imawunika zoperewera zomwe zikubwera m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, ikuwunika malo ophunzitsira omwe alipo mdziko muno, zoperewera ndi ziti, ndi momwe angathetsere zolakwazo. Ikuwunikiranso zakufunika kwakudziwitsa achinyamata za mwayi wosiyanasiyana pantchito zokopa alendo kwa anthu opanga.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mapu amsewuyi ndi kuchuluka kwa akatswiri aku Sri Lankan omwe akugwira ntchito kunja, ndi njira zowayeserera kuti abwezeretse mgwirizano wawo ukadzatha. Izi zidapangitsa kuti pakhale zokambirana zambiri zakusamuka kwaophunzitsidwa bwino ku Middle East ndi Maldives.

Chifukwa chake zidamveka kuti iyi ingakhale nthawi yabwino yokambirana nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane.

MPHAMVU YA SRI LANKAN NTCHITO

Ntchito wamba wamba

Ndizodziwika bwino kuti Sri Lanka ili ndi 95% (Ministry of Higher Education) yomwe ili ndi anthu 8,249,773 azaka zopitilira 18 (department of Census and Statistics 2016). Kuchuluka kwa ulova ndi pafupifupi 4.5%.

"Chiwerengero cha amayi omwe akugwira ntchito ku Sri Lanka chatsika mpaka 36% mu 2016 kuchokera pa 41% mu 2010" malinga ndi World Bank. Izi ndizotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi avareji yapadziko lonse ya 54% (World Bank: Ogwira ntchito azimayi omwe akutenga nawo gawo 2016). M'mayiko aku Asia izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chaukwati, kulera ana, komanso ntchito zapakhomo zokhudzana ndi tsankho.

Ntchito yakunja

Kuchokera kwa anthu ku Sri Lankan omwe akugwira ntchito kunja kwakhala kofunika kwambiri ku chuma cha Sri Lankan. Masiku ano ndalama zantchito zakhala ndalama zankhaninkhani ku Sri Lanka ndipo ndalama zomwe amalandila mdzikolo zimadalira kwambiri ndalama zomwe anthu osamukira kumayiko ena amapeza. Kutumiza ndalama kwa ogwira ntchito ku 2017 kwatsika ndi 1.1% mpaka US $ 7.16 biliyoni kuchokera ku US $ 7.24 biliyoni olembedwa nthawi yomweyo ya 2016. (Ceylon Today 2018). Kufunika kwa ndalama zolipirira ndalama kumayiko a Sri Lanka kulipira komanso chuma, ndi zazikulu kotero kuti ena afotokoza chuma chamasiku ano cha Sri Lanka ngati 'chuma chodalira ndalama'.

Ogwira ntchito zakunja ku Sri Lanka akwera mpaka 1,189,359 (pafupifupi 14% ya anthu ogwira ntchito opitilira zaka 18) pofika Disembala 2016 malinga ndi Unduna wa Zantchito Zakunja Thalatha Athukorala.

Pali 'kutuluka' kwapakati pachaka pafupifupi 260,000 pomwe 66% ndi amuna. Akazi ogwira ntchito m'nyumba amakhala pafupifupi 26%. (Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment -SLBFE 2017).

Ntchito zokopa alendo zakomweko

Tourism imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamafakitale apamwamba kwambiri omwe amapereka mwayi wambiri wantchito kwa achinyamata. Lipoti la pachaka la Sri Lanka Development Authority (SLTDA) la 2016 linasonyeza kuti pali antchito 146,115 m'makalasi onse omwe amagwira ntchito mwachindunji m'makampani. Komabe, ntchito zokopa alendo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochulukirachulukira, pomwe akuti ntchito zachindunji za 100 zilizonse zomwe zimapangidwa ku Sri Lankan zokopa alendo, zimapanga pafupifupi ntchito 140 zosalunjika m'magawo owonjezera.WTTC, 2012). Kutengera izi ogwira ntchito zokopa alendo ku Sri Lanka ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 205,000. Komabe, gawo lenileni losakhazikika lomwe limaphatikizapo anthu ochita zamalonda osiyanasiyana, ogwira ntchito m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi ena ochita nawo ntchito zokopa alendo, ali ndi chiwerengero chowopsa. Chifukwa chake akatswiri amakampani amawona kuti zotsatira zenizeni za zokopa alendo pazamoyo za anthu zitha kupitilira 300,000.

Malinga ndi SLTDA zipinda zatsopano 15,346 ziyamba kugwira ntchito pofika 2020 m'malo 189 atsopano omwe ali mgulu lovomerezeka. Wolemba uyu akuti ogwira ntchito atsopano omwe akufunika kuti azitumikira zipinda zatsopanozi adzakhala pafupifupi 87,000 okha mwachindunji / chokhazikika). Poganizira kuchulukitsitsa kwa gawo lopanda tsankho, chiwerengerochi chikhoza kuchulukira kupitilira 200,000, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu ogwira ntchito zokopa alendo akhale pafupifupi 500,000 kapena kupitilira apo pofika 2020 (The WTTC akuyembekeza kuti chiwerengerochi chidzakwera pang'ono pa anthu 602,000).

Izi zitanthauza kuti pafupifupi 7% -8% ya anthu ogwira ntchito ku Sri Lankan azichita nawo zokopa alendo pofika chaka cha 2020.

Ogwira ntchito zokopa alendo am'deralo pantchito zakunja

Ndizodziwika bwino kuti anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito zodziwitsa alendo ku Sri Lank amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Middle East ndi Maldives. Komabe, palibe ziwerengero zodalirika za manambala omwe alipo.

Chifukwa chake malingaliro ena osamala adzapangidwa motere, kuyerekezera manambalawa.

Onse ogwira ntchito SL kunja: - 1,189,359
Peresenti ya Azimayi Atsikana (ref. SLFBE): - 26%
Tangoganizani kuti 12% yamagulu omwe siopanda ntchito ndi ntchito zokhudzana ndi zokopa alendo.

Chifukwa chake kuwonongeka kumeneku kudzakhala motere:

chithunzi 2 | eTurboNews | | eTN

Kufufuza uku kukuwonetsa kuti ena mwa ogwira ntchito zokopa alendo a 140,000 SL atha kulembedwa ntchito kumaiko akunja. Malinga ndi SLFEB, pafupifupi anthu 260,000 amapita kukagwira ntchito zakunja chaka chilichonse. Ngati magwiritsidwe omwewa pamwambapa agwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti zikutanthauza kuti kukopa kapena 'kutuluka' kwa ogwira ntchito zokopa alendo chaka chilichonse kumakhala pafupifupi 30,000.

Nkhani

Kuchokera pakuwunika koyambirira, zikuwoneka kuti pafupifupi alendo 140,000 ogwira ntchito zokopa alendo amapatsidwa ntchito kunja ndipo 'amataya' pafupifupi 30,000 pachaka.

Nkhani yomwe ilipo ndiye kuti ichi ndi chinthu chabwino kapena choipa.

Poyang'ana koyamba zikuwoneka kuti SL ikutaya akatswiri odziwa ntchito zokopa alendo kupita kumayiko akunja, omwe ndi 'kukhetsa ubongo'.

Komabe, kuphunzira mosamalitsa za zodabwitsazi kumavumbula chithunzi chosiyanako.

Gawo 1 - Monga akatswiri ambiri azamalamulo amadziwa m'makampani a hotelo ku SL, nthawi zambiri, achinyamata osaphunzitsidwa bwino amapita kumalo opumira kuti ayambe ntchito yawo yochereza alendo. Amayamba kuchokera kumunsi kumunsi, amakhala ndi chidziwitso ndikugwira ntchito yolowera m'madipatimenti kapena m'munda wawo wosankhidwa. Ngakhale maziko a kudzikongoletsa ndi ulemu amaphunzitsidwa m'malo opumulirako. Chifukwa chake, mahotela abwino kwambiri ndi malo ophunzitsira achinyamata omwe akufuna kukhala m'ma hotelo.

PIC 3 | eTurboNews | | eTN

Gawo 2 - Patatha zaka zingapo akudziwa zambiri, wolemba ntchitoyo akukwera pamindapo ndikupita ku maudindo apamwamba pantchito.

Gawo 3 - Potsirizira pake munthuyo akhoza kusiya malowa kuti akagwire ntchito ku hotelo ya nyenyezi 5, kuti akapeze zambiri komanso kudziwa zambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala maloto achichepere kugwira ntchito mu hotelo yamzinda wamiyeso, zomwe zimamupatsa mwayi wowonekera pamsika.

Gawo 4 - Atatha zaka zingapo akugwira ntchito ku hotelo ya nyenyezi zisanu, wachinyamata wofunayo atha kufunafuna ntchito kunja. Malipiro abwino, malo ogona, matikiti apandege ndi maubwino ena zimakopa anyamata ndi atsikana akunjawa pantchito yamakampani. Maofesi ambiri apadziko lonse lapansi omwe akugwira ntchito ku Middle East ndi Maldives amayang'ana antchito omwe akudziwa bwino malo okhala ndi nyenyezi zisanu. Chifukwa chake, sizodabwitsa kuti kuwona kusamuka kokhazikika kwa ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa kumayiko akunja kukagwira ntchito kumeneko.

Gawo 5 - Pogwiritsa ntchito malo ocherezera alendo akunja, makamaka ndi mitundu yapadziko lonse lapansi, pamakhala zochitika zapamwamba komanso zochitika zambiri, nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito moyandikana kwambiri ndi akatswiri odziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Mwanjira imeneyi wachichepere amakhala ndi chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso chochuluka kwinaku akulipidwa bwino pantchito zake.

Gawo 6 - Ntchito zambiri zakunja zimangokhala pangano lokhazikika, zomwe zitha kupangidwanso kwakanthawi kochepa. Pambuyo pake wogwira ntchitoyo amapeza ndalama zokwanira zokhalira kwawo ku Sri Lanka ndikuganiza zobwerera. Akabwerera ndi chidziwitso chake chatsopano m'manja mwake, mahotela ambiri mumzinda kapena malo ogulitsira alendo amamulemba ntchito, pamalo apamwamba kwambiri kuposa asanachoke.

Chifukwa chake, kuzungulira kwatsekedwa, wogwira ntchito wachinyamata tsopano ali pantchito yayikulu pantchito komanso pagulu, ndikusunga ndalama kubanki kuti azisamalira banja lake.

Kutsiliza

Kuchokera pakuwunikanso pamwambapa, zikuwonekeratu kuti pankhani yazokopa alendo, kusamuka kwa ogwira ntchito kumayiko akunja, sikungakhale koipa konse pamsikawu. Ogwira ntchito omwe amapita kudziko lina amabwereranso aluso komanso odziwa zambiri kumapeto kwa mgwirizano wawo kunja.

Pali nkhani zambiri zolimbikitsa komanso zabwino za ogwira ntchito obwerera kwawo. Chifukwa chake sikungakhale chiwonongeko chonse ndi zovuta kumakampani ogulitsa hotelo chifukwa cha ogwira ntchito omwe achoka ku Sri Lanka kuti akasangalale kunja. Kupatula kungowona ngati 'Ubongo - Kukhetsa', mwina makampani ochereza alendo ayenera kuwona izi ngati 'Ubongo - Kupeza'.

 

Srilal Miththapala 1 | eTurboNews | | eTN

Wolembayo, Srilal Miththapala, ali ndi zokumana nazo zambiri pakuwona ogwira ntchito ngati awa akubwerera pambuyo pakupititsa patsogolo ntchito zawo kunja. Chimodzi choyenera kutchulidwa ndi cha Garden Maintenance Executive ku malo ena ogulitsira omwe wolembawo adachita nawo. Wantchitoyu anali wamaliza maphunziro a zaulimi ndipo posakhalitsa adakwezedwa ngati katswiri wamaluwa kuti anyalanyaze chuma cha gululi. Anapeza ntchito yothandizira akatswiri azomera ku Ritz Carlton ku Bahrain, komwe pamapeto pake adakhala mtsogoleri wazolima ku Middle East, ndikupeza mphotho zingapo pazokongoletsa zamagulu a hoteloyo. Atatumikira zaka 12, tsopano wabwerera, ndi mwayi wopeza ntchito, kuti abwerere ku gulu la Ritz Carlton nthawi iliyonse.

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Anagarika Dharmapala Mawatha, Kandy, Sri Lanka

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