Nyanja yakufa ku Kenya nthawi ina inali ndi ng'ona 15,000

Mpaka zaka zitatu zapitazo, Kamnarok National Reserve ku Kerio Valley kunali ng'ona zoposa 15,000. Chinkakopa alendo, ndi malo ake otchuka owonera mbalame. Njovu zinathetsa ludzu kumeneko.

Tsopano nyanjayo pang'onopang'ono koma mosakayika ikuyamba kugwera m'mbiri yakale; ikuwuma - mofulumira.

Malo otetezedwa a Kamnarok omwe ali pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 30 kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Kabarnet Town, kuli njovu, njati, nkhumba zakutchire, ndi ma dik dik.

Koma ng’onazi sizikudziwika komwe kuli. Malo omwe kale anali madzi otakasuka tsopano ndi malo amatope okhala ndi ming'alu yayikulu.

Kwa zaka zambiri nyanjayi yakhala gwero la madzi amtengo wapatali kwa anthu a m’deralo ndi ziweto zawo. Kumeneku kunalinso malo odyetserako nyama zakuthengo m’dera loyandikana nalo la Rimoi Game Reserve m’boma la Keiyo, makamaka m’nyengo yachilimwe.

Malinga ndi National Environmental Management Authority (Nema), nyanjayi imadziwika ndi Ramsar Convention ngati madambo otchuka padziko lonse lapansi.

Anthu okhala m’derali ati kuphwera kwa nyanjayi ndi mbiri yoipa chifukwa ntchito za chuma m’derali zimakokera pa kuweta ng’ombe; mvula yosadalilikayo siingathe kulimbikitsa ulimi wodzisamalira m’dera louma.

Ox-bow lake
Khansela Zephania Chepkonga wa m’boma la Kabutie komwe nyanjayi imagwera wati abusa a m’derali akulingalira za gwero la madzi lotsatira.

"Ndimadabwa kumene ndikamwetse ng'ombe zanga popeza nyanjayi yaphwa," akutero a Martin Chemalin.

Nyanja ya uta wa ng'ombe inali pamitu yankhani mu Marichi 2006 pamene njovu zazikulu zitatu zidakakamira pafupi ndi malo ake pomwe zimayesa kuti zimwe madzi omwe adasefukira. Mmodzi adamwalira patatha masiku anayi pomwe ena awiri adapulumutsidwa ndi KWS.

Zochita za anthu komanso kuchepa kwa madzi m'madzi a mtsinje wa Kerio, womwe ndi gwero lalikulu la madzi a m'nyanjayi, mwina zinachititsa kuti madziwo aume. Mkulu woyang’anira zachilengedwe m’boma la Baringo, a Juma Masakha, wati kudula mitengo mosaloledwa kwalimbikitsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka zomwe zidapangitsa kuti dothi likhale lolimba.

“Njira zosauka zaulimi zomwe zili m’mphepete mwa nyanjayi zachititsa kuti madzi achulukane kwambiri moti nyanjayi ikulephera kusunga madzi,” iye akutero.
Woyang’anira nyama za ku Baringo, Christine Boit, ananenanso kuti: “Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe kobwera chifukwa cha njira zosasamalidwa bwino komanso zochita za anthu m’mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Kerio Valley, n’zimene zachititsa kuti nyanjayi ikhale ya dothi.”

Zowonadi, pali mitengo ikuluikulu komanso yosalamulirika yodula mitengo kuti ikwaniritse kufunika kokulirapo kwa makala. Munthu akakhala pamalo okwera, ankatha kuona utsi ukufuka m’malo oyaka makala amene anangoti mbwee m’chigwachi. Matumba a makala ogulitsidwa ndi malo omwe amapezeka m'misewu yachigwa.

Kalaliki wakale wa khonsolo ya Baringo County a Peter Keitany, yemwe adasamutsidwa kupita ku Turkana, akuti kutha kwa nyanjayi kudachitika chifukwa cha Kiptilit Gulley, yomwe kale inali malo opangira nyanjayi.

"Nthawiyi idasefukira chifukwa chakukokoloka kwa nthaka, motero madzi adapita mumtsinje wa Kerio, womwe udachotsa madzi m'nyanja."

Zolinga zobwezeretsa nyanjayi zasokonekera chifukwa cha mkangano wazaka khumi womwe watenga pakati pa khonsolo ya boma ya Baringo ndi anthu aku Barwessa Division. Opereka ndalama amaumirira kuti anthu okhala m'malo otetezedwa achoke.

"Mkanganowu udakhumudwitsa opereka ndalama omwe adawonetsa chidwi chopulumutsa nyanjayi" adatero Keitany.

Okhala omwe malo awo adalowetsedwa mu 107 km sq reserve akufuna kulipidwa. Koma khonsoloyi sinafune kuvomereza zomwe akunena kuti ndi umwini, ponena kuti ndi gazetted national reserve.

Chaka chatha, mkulu wa KWS a Julius Kipngetich adayendera derali kuti akatsogolere zokambirana pakati pa magulu omwe amakangana. Msonkhanowo, womwe unachitikira mkati mwa malo osungiramo nyama, unali wamphepo.

Mu chikalata chomwe adasaina chomwe adawerenga ndi mlembi wa gulu lawo a Reuben Chepkonga, anthu adafuna kudziwa ngati njira yoyenera idatsatiridwa pomwe malo osungira nyama adasindikizidwa mu 1983.

Iwo adapitiliza kufotokoza zomwe akufuna kuti khonsolo ndi KWS zikumane kuti aganizire zowasiya minda yawo.

Pamwamba pa mndandandawo panali kusinthidwa kwa malire osungirako kuti achepetse kukula kwake, kukhazikika kwina ndi Memorandum of Understanding.

Poyankhapo, a Kipngetich adati malowa si a KWS ndipo chidwi chachikulu ndi nyama zakuthengo zomwe zili m’nkhalangoyi. Mkuluyu adauzanso anthuwo kuti malo awo sanalandidwe, koma adangoperekedwa ku khonsolo ngati trustee.

“Choncho palibe chifukwa chofunira chipukuta misozi. Ndani analanda dziko lako? anafunsa. Iye analamula bungweli kuti lichitepo kanthu mogwirizana ndi chikalatacho kuti nkhokweyi isatheretu.

“Ofesi yanga idapatula ndalama zogwirira ntchito yotukula nkhokweyi. Tidzasonkhanitsanso ndalama zowonjezera ku Reserve. Koma zonsezi zimatengera kufunitsitsa kwanu kugwirizana, "adatero a Kipngetich.

Iye adawapemphanso kuti atengere chitsanzo cha anthu oyandikana nawo ku Rimoi Game Reserve omwe adati amapindula ndi zokopa alendo atapereka malo awo ku khonsolo ya Keiyo.

Poona kuti anthu sakudziwa za ubwino wa zokopa alendo, mkuluyo analonjeza kuti apereka ndalama zothandizira anthu okaona malo kuti anthu azidzionera okha mmene ena okhala pafupi ndi malo osungiramo malowa akupindulira.

"Ofesi yanga idzatenga anthu 60 kuchokera kumalo aliwonse atatu (Kabutiei, Lawan ndi Kerio Kaboskei) kupita ku Maasai Mara ndi Samburu national reserves," adatero.

Zoyeserera zam'mbuyomu za khonsolo yoteteza nyanjayi zidalephereka.

"Mwachitsanzo, tidamanga mabwalo kudutsa mumtsinje wa Kiptilit, koma adachotsa dala mawaya ndikumangirira ming'oma ya njuchi," adatero Keitany.

Popeza kuti nyanjayo yauma, zotsatira zake zikuoneka. Mikangano ya anthu ndi nyama zakutchire yakula. Ndipo pali malipoti akuti njovu ndi anyani akuukira anthu. Mu May 2006, amuna awiri anaphedwa ndi njovu yankhanza.