BANGKOK (eTN) - Lachiwiri lapitalo lidawonetsa kutha kwa lipenga lamalonda lomwe AirAsia yakhala ikulengeza kwa zaka ziwiri. Mu Novembala 2008, gulu la AirAsia monyadira lidalengeza kuti lichotsa mafuta owonjezera pa tikiti ya okwera. Chaka chotsatira chinatenganso chisankho chochotsa ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito. Chilengezocho chinakhudza kwambiri apaulendo omwe ankaganiza kuti angoyenera kulipira mtengo wa tikiti.
Koma - "chinyengo" - pa Meyi 3, 2011, Air Asia idabweretsanso mafuta owonjezera. M'mawu ovomerezeka, wonyamulirayo akuwonetsa kuti muyesowu ndi wanthawi yochepa chabe kuti athetse kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta a jet. M'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mafuta a jet adafika pachimake, pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuchokera mu 6 avareji yake ya US $ 2010 kufika pa US $ 88 pa mbiya sabata yatha.
Kukwera kwamafuta ndi vuto lalikulu pamaulendo aku Asia chifukwa litha kukhala lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse. Kukwera kwamafuta owonjezera kuchokera kwa onyamula omwe adatengera kale kukuyembekezeka kukulitsa kufunikira kwa anthu aku Asia apakati omwe akufunabe kuyenda posankha onyamula bajeti m'malo mokhala ndi ndege zonse. Ngakhale kubweretsanso zolipiritsa zamafuta, zolipirira zonyamula bajeti zidzakhalabe zotsika kuposa zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi ndege zakale.
Komabe, kukwera kulikonse kwa ndalama zonse zomwe zimatengedwa kumapeto kumatha kukhudzanso ogula aku Asia. Onyamula bajeti akukhala njira zowoneka bwino zamayendedwe apamsewu kupita kugulu lapakati - kuphatikiza gawo lapansi. Kuchulukitsa kwamafuta kutha kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa mayiko omwe ali ndi gawo lalikulu la magawo omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa. Izi mwina zikufotokozera chifukwa chake AirAsia idasankha kusapereka mafuta owonjezera paulendo wapaulendo wapanyumba mkati mwa Indonesia ndi Thailand koma ku Malaysia kokha, komwe anthu apakati amatha kulipirabe ndalama zina. Atafotokozabe kuti asunge mfundo zake zowonjezeretsa mafuta kumapeto kwa Januware, Cebu Pacific yochokera ku Manila idaganiza zobweretsanso mafuta owonjezera pofika pakati pa Marichi pantchito zapadziko lonse lapansi, kufotokoza kuti sikungathe kuthandizira kukwera mtengo. Kenako anakakamizika masiku 10 pambuyo pake kuti agwiritsenso ntchito chindapusa chochepa chamafuta pamayendedwe apanyumba, pakati pa P. 50 (US$1.07) ndi P. 200 (US$4.30) pagawo lililonse. Polankhula ndi atolankhani akumaloko, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti waku Cebu Pacific Marketing Candice Iyog adafotokoza kuti iperekabe mitengo yotsika kwambiri ya ndege zilizonse ku Philippines, ngakhale kuphatikizira mafuta owonjezera.
Maulendo apandege aku Malaysia akunyumba ndi kumayiko ena mpaka maola awiri akuwonetsa kuyambira pano mafuta owonjezera a RM 2 pagawo lililonse (pafupifupi US$10), akukwera ndi RM 3.30 pa ola lina lililonse laulendo wapandege mpaka maola anayi. Kwa AirAsia X, ndalama zowonjezera zimayambira RM 10 mpaka RM 4 (pafupifupi US$50 mpaka US$90). Gulu la ndege za bajeti likulonjeza kuti lithetsanso ndalama zowonjezera mitengo ikatsika. Ndalama zolipitsidwa zimakhalabe zotsika. AirAsia ikuwonetsa kuti ndalama zowonjezera zowonjezera - chakudya, chindapusa, chiwongola dzanja, kulowa kapena kupatsidwa mpando, kugula pa intaneti kapena inshuwaransi - zimathandizira kuthana ndi zotsatira za kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta. M'nkhani yazachuma, gulu la ndege zimayerekeza kuti RM 17 (U$31) iliyonse yomwe wokwera amawononga imapatsa pafupifupi US$1/mgolo wa buffer.
Tiger Airways sikulipiritsabe ndalama zowonjezera pakukweza mafuta. Ndegeyo ikuwonetsa kuti yaphatikiza kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta muzoneneratu zake. Ntchito zothandizira pa chonyamulira zafika kale 20% ya ndalama zonse za Kambuku komanso zimakhudzanso matikiti a ndege. Pakadali pano, ndegeyo ikuwonetsa kuti yakwera pang'ono mtengo wake kuti ukhale wocheperako pakukwera kwamafuta a jet.
Kwa AirAsia ndi Tiger Airways, mafuta ndi omwe amawononga ndalama zambiri: m'gawo loyamba la FY 2011 ku AirAsia, pafupifupi 38.2% - ngakhale 39.3% ya Indonesia AirAsia - pamene Tiger Airways, adayima pa 38.1% ya onse. ndalama za kotala lachitatu 2010-11. Ku Gulu la Qantas - komwe mtundu wa Jetstar wamtengo wotsika umaphatikizidwira - mtengo wamafuta pa unit iliyonse udakwera 31.6% mchaka choyamba cha FY 2011.
Chiyembekezo chachikulu kwa apaulendo chingakhale kutha kwa mikangano yomwe ikuchitika ku Middle East, zomwe zingabweretse mpumulo kwakanthawi pakukwera kwamitengo yamafuta. Koma monga akatswiri amanenera pafupipafupi, kufunikira kwamafuta kukupitilira kukula mwachangu kuposa kupezeka, mitengo yokwera komanso kukwera kwamafuta kutha kukhala zinthu zokhazikika pamayendedwe apamlengalenga. Kulibwino kuzolowera tsopano!
