Germany imakondwerera zaka 20 zakugwa kwa Khoma la Berlin

Ndi makonsati ndi zikumbutso Lolemba, aku Germany adzakondwerera tsiku lomwe Khoma la Berlin linagwa zaka 20 zapitazo. Pausiku wozizira uja, adavina pakhoma, manja atakwezeka mwachipambano, manja atagwirana mwaubwenzi komanso chiyembekezo chambiri. Zaka za kulekana ndi nkhawa zinasungunuka kukhala chenicheni chosaneneka cha ufulu ndi tsogolo lopanda alonda a m'malire, apolisi achinsinsi, azidziwitso, ndi ulamuliro wokhwima wa chikominisi.

Ajeremani akukondwerera ndi makonsati odzitamandira Beethoven ndi Bon Jovi; mwambo wokumbukira anthu 136 omwe anaphedwa poyesa kuwoloka kuchokera mu 1961 mpaka 1989; kuyatsa makandulo; ndi malo okwana 1,000 a thovu apulasitiki oti aikidwe m’njira ya khoma ndi kupendekeka.

Pa November 9, 1989, Ajeremani akum’maŵa anabwera mwaunyinji, akumakwera ma Trabant awo osokonekera, njinga zamoto, ndi njinga zachabechabe. Mazana, kenako masauzande, kenaka mazana masauzande anawoloka masiku otsatirawo.

Masitolo kumadzulo kwa Berlin adakhala otsegula mochedwa, ndipo mabanki adapereka ma Deutschemarks 100 mu "ndalama zolandirira," zomwe zinali zokwana pafupifupi US $ 50, kwa mlendo aliyense waku Germany.

Phwandoli lidatenga masiku anayi ndipo pofika pa Novembara 12, anthu opitilira 3 miliyoni akum'mawa kwa Germany 16.6 miliyoni adayendera, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a iwo kumadzulo kwa Berlin, ena onse kudzera m'zipata zotseguka m'mphepete mwa mipanda yotchingidwa ndi mipanda yomwe idadula. dziko pawiri.

Zigawo za khoma pafupifupi makilomita 155 (100 miles) zinagwetsedwa ndi kugwetsedwa. Alendo odzaona malo anadula zidutswa zing'onozing'ono kuti azisunga ngati zikumbutso. Mabanja omwe anali misozi anagwirizananso. Mabala ankapereka zakumwa zaulere. Alendo anapsompsonana ndi kupsopsonana ndi shampeni.

Klaus-Hubert Fugger, wophunzira pa Free University ku West Berlin, anali akumwa zakumwa ku malo ogulitsira pamene anthu anayamba kubwera “omwe ankaoneka mosiyana.”

Makasitomala adagula alendowo mozungulira mozungulira. Pofika pakati pausiku, m’malo moti apite kunyumba, Fugger ndi anzake atatu anakwera taxi kupita ku Chipata cha Brandenburg, chomwe n’chitali chopanda munthu aliyense, n’kukwera khoma la mamita pafupifupi 12 limodzi ndi anthu ena mazanamazana.

Fugger, yemwe tsopano ali ndi zaka 43, anati: “Panali ngati zochitika zambiri, monga ngati anthu akulira, chifukwa sanathe kukumana ndi vutolo.

Fugger adakhalanso pakhoma usiku wotsatira. Chithunzi cha m'magazini chikumuwonetsa atakulungidwa mu mpango.

"Kenako khomalo lidadzaza paliponse, anthu masauzande ambiri, ndipo simunathe kusuntha ... mumayenera kudutsa unyinji wa anthu," adatero.

Angela Merkel, Chancellor woyamba waku Germany wochokera kummawa wakale wa chikominisi, adakumbukira chisangalalocho polankhula sabata yatha ku US Congress.

"Kumene kunali khoma lamdima, khomo linatseguka mwadzidzidzi, ndipo tonse tinadutsamo: m'misewu, m'matchalitchi, kudutsa malire," adatero Merkel. "Aliyense anapatsidwa mwayi wopanga china chake chatsopano, kusintha, kuyambitsa chiyambi chatsopano."

Khoma lomwe achikomyunizimu adamanga pachimake pa Cold War ndipo lomwe lidayima kwa zaka 28 latha. Zigawo zina zimayimabe, pamalo owonetsera zojambulajambula panja kapena ngati gawo la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zotseguka. Njira yake yodutsa mumzindawu tsopano ndi misewu, malo ogulitsira, ndi nyumba zogona. Chikumbutso chokhacho ndi njerwa zingapo zomata zomwe zimatsata njira yake.

Checkpoint Charlie, prefab yomwe inali nthawi yayitali chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwa Allies komanso kusamvana kwa Cold War, yasamutsidwira kumalo osungiramo zinthu zakale kumadzulo kwa Berlin.

Potsdamer Platz, malo owoneka bwino omwe adawonongedwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse ndikukhala malo opanda munthu pa Cold War, ali ndi mashopu apamwamba akugulitsa chilichonse kuyambira ma iPod kupita ku bratwursts.

Pamwambo womwe unachitikira ku Berlin pa Okutobala 31, Helmut Kohl, kazembe waku Germany yemwe adatsogolera kutsegulidwa kwa khomalo, adayimilira limodzi ndi purezidenti wamphamvu kwambiri panthawiyo, George HW Bush ndi Mikhail Gorbachev.

Pambuyo pazaka makumi ambiri zamanyazi zomwe zidatsatira nthawi ya chipani cha Nazi, Kohl adati, kugwa kwa Khoma la Berlin ndi kugwirizananso kwa dziko lawo patatha miyezi 11 kunapatsa Ajeremani kunyada.

Kohl, yemwe tsopano ali ndi zaka 79, ananena kuti: “Tilibe zifukwa zambiri zodzitamandira m’mbiri yathu.

Poyankhulana ku Moscow ndi Associated Press Television News, Gorbachev adati ndizolimbikitsa mtendere.

Ngakhale zinali zovuta bwanji, tinagwira ntchito, tinapeza kumvetsetsana, ndipo tinapita patsogolo. Tinayamba kudula zida za nyukiliya, kuchepetsa magulu ankhondo ku Ulaya, ndi kuthetsa zina, "adatero.

Zonsezi zinayamba ndi msonkhano wa atolankhani madzulo.

Pa November 9, 1989, Guenter Schabowski, membala wa gulu lolamulira la kum’maŵa kwa Germany la Politburo, analengeza mwachisawawa kuti anthu a kum’maŵa kwa Germany adzakhala omasuka kupita kumadzulo nthaŵi yomweyo.

Pambuyo pake, adayesa kufotokozera ndemanga zake ndipo adanena kuti malamulo atsopanowa adzagwira pakati pausiku, koma zochitika zinayenda mofulumira pamene mawuwo akufalikira.

Pamalo ena akutali kum’mwera kwa Berlin, Annemarie Reffert ndi mwana wake wamkazi wazaka 15 anapanga mbiri mwa kukhala Ajeremani oyambirira kum’maŵa kuwoloka malirewo.

Reffert, yemwe tsopano ali ndi zaka 66, amakumbukira kuti asilikali a ku Germany akum’maŵa pamene ankafuna kuwoloka malire.

"Ndidatsutsa kuti Schabowski adati tiloledwa kupita," adatero. Asilikali a m’malire anagonja. Woyang'anira kasitomu adadabwa kuti analibe chikwama.

"Chomwe tinkafuna chinali kuwona ngati tingathedi kuyenda," adatero Reffert.

Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, Schabowski adauza wofunsayo pa TV kuti adasokonezeka. Sichinali chigamulo koma lamulo lokonzekera lomwe Politburo idakhazikitsidwa kuti ikambirane. Iye ankaganiza kuti chinali chigamulo chomwe chinavomerezedwa kale.

Usiku umenewo, chapakati pausiku, alonda a m’malire anatsegula zipata. Kudzera pa Checkpoint Charlie, kutsika ndi Invalidenstrasse, kudutsa Glienicke Bridge, anthu ambiri adakhamukira ku West Berlin, osapumira, osamangika, maso akuda.