Tsiku lokumbukira imfa ya Hariri linasonkhanitsa zikwi zambiri ku Beirut

Anthu zikwizikwi adasonkhana ku Beirut Lamlungu kukondwerera chaka chachisanu cha kuphedwa kwa Prime Minister wakale Rafik Hariri, yemwe imfa yake idakhudza kuukira kwa Lebanon Cedar Revolution kapena Kefaya (kokwanira) kuwukira - chothandizira kutha kwa zaka 30 zaku Syria ku Lebanon. .

Beirut adawona anthu ambiri omwe adabwerako komanso otsatira a Hariri mochedwa, koma chiwerengerocho chikuyembekezeka kukhala chocheperako poyerekeza ndi zaka zam'mbuyomu.

Pa February 14, 2004 cha m'ma 1 koloko masana nthawi ya Beirut, Rafik Hariri ndi anthu ena 17 mumsewu wake adaphedwa ndi bomba la 500 kg pakatikati pa malo oyendera alendo ku Lebanon. Kuphulika kwamphamvu kunadutsa m'chigawo cha Beirut chomwe chikupita patsogolo kwambiri, chokwera kwambiri, ndikuwononga malo apamwamba kwambiri a Beirut monga Phenicia Inter-Continental, Monroe Hotel pa Kennedy Street, Palm Beach, Vendome Inter-Continental, Riviera Hotel ku Ain el Mraisseh ndi St. Georges Beach resort, marina ndi malo odyera moyang'anizana ndi Foinike. Mahotela onse 6 ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja bin al Hassan. Ambiri mwa alendo a hotelo adachoka nthawi yomweyo.

Bilionea waku Lebanon wophedwa Hariri anali masomphenya kumbuyo kwa Lebanon pambuyo pa nkhondo. Katswiri wokonza ndalama zokwana madola mamiliyoni ambiri ku Solidere, mtawuni ya Beirut adanyamuka kuchoka ku mabwinja ake amtundu wa Dresden kupita ku malo okopa alendo opambana padziko lonse lapansi. Iye anali ndi 10 peresenti ya magawo ku Solidere ndipo anafa mkati mwa mamita a ufumu wake kuchokera ku bomba lomwe linabzalidwa kunja kwa khoma pa hotelo yopanda kanthu. Kumanganso Lebanon chinali cholinga chake chachikulu kuyambira pomwe adasankhidwa kukhala Prime Minister mu Okutobala 1992, motsogozedwa ndi boma lolamulidwa ndi mtsogoleri waku Syria Hafez Al Assad. Ndi mbiri yomwe ikuwonetsa ubale wamphamvu ndi akuluakulu aku Saudi Arabia komanso Asuri panthawiyo, Hariri yemwe nthawi yake yoyamba idapitilira mpaka 1998 anali kubetcha kwabwino kwambiri kuti atsogolere ntchito yomanganso dziko lonse, osatengera ndalama zina zake.

Posakhalitsa, Solidere anabadwa. Mtundu wa mgwirizano pakati pa anthu wamba ndi wabizinesi, umadziwika kuti ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri pakukhazikitsanso mizinda yayikulu. Monga bungwe lachitukuko lokhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo la boma, lili ndi magawo ambiri a eni ake akale komanso obwereketsa malo apakati pa mzinda. Monga kampani yomwe idamanganso mzinda wa Beirut, Solidere ndiye anali gawo lapakati pakuchira kwa Lebanon. Idakhazikitsidwa pansi pa Law 177 ya 1991 ngati kampani yabizinesi yomwe idalembedwa pamisika yamasheya, ndi kampani yomwe ili ndi udindo wokonzanso chigawo chapakati cha Beirut Central (BCD) chomwe chidasakazidwa ndi nkhondo ya Beirut Central District (BCD) makampani akuluakulu achiarabu amatsegulidwa kwa pafupifupi onse ogulitsa akunja. Eni ake adaloledwa kusinthanitsa maufulu a katundu pachitukuko pobwezera 1.8/2 ya magawo a kampani A Class A okwana $ 3 biliyoni. Ntchitoyi idathandizidwa ndi ndalama za magawo 1.17 miliyoni a Gulu B omwe adapereka ndalama zokwana $65 miliyoni. Adakwezedwanso $ 650 miliyoni kuchokera kumayiko ena kudzera pa 77 miliyoni GDRs. Pambuyo pake, izo zikanakhala chizindikiro cha chuma cha dziko, chokhudzidwa ndi kusakhazikika komwe kumasonyezedwa ndi mitengo yamtengo wapatali.

Hariri atachoka paudindo mu 1998, phindu lake lidatsika ndi 93% mu 1999 chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwachuma komwe kudabwera chifukwa cha kugwa kwachuma komanso kukana kwa boma kupereka zilolezo zomanga. Chotsatira chake, kutumizidwa kwa otchedwa Beirut Souks kunachedwa ndi kuzizira kwa zaka zambiri za 2000. Kuwononga pafupifupi $ 90 mpaka 100 miliyoni, pulojekiti ya 100,000 square metre souk inali mwala wamtengo wapatali wa ndondomeko yaikulu ya Solidere, yofunikira kufalikira. kukonzanso kwa downtown ville. Zilolezo zidachedwetsedwanso pomwe khoma lalikulu la Hariri la bilionea wodana ndi Saudi, Prince Waled bin Talal bin Abdulaziz adawopseza kuti achoka pamapulani achitukuko a Four Seasons Hotel ku Beirut. Nduna Yam'kati Michel Murr adayambitsa kuchedwa kwambiri pomwe adachita nawo mkangano wa Solidere pafunso la umwini ndi kulipira kwa Murr Tower m'boma la Hamra. Nkhani yofiyira yochititsa chidwiyi idasokoneza chuma chomwe chikuvutitsidwa kale ndi kugwa kwachuma ndikulirira thandizo lazachuma mkati ndi zina. Mkangano pakati pa Hariri ndi utsogoleri wa Prime Minister wolowa m'malo Selim Hoss, mothandizidwa mwamphamvu ndi Purezidenti General Emile Lahoud, adawonjezera zovuta zomwe zimawoneka ngati kufalikira kwamoto ku Solidere. Chifukwa cha kumenyana kwa ndale kwa Hariri ndi nduna yaikulu, kugulitsa malo m'derali kunatsika kuchoka pa $118 miliyoni kufika pa $37 miliyoni mu 1999, kufika pa $2.7 miliyoni mu 2000. mipando yopitilira kuyembekezera, m'malo mwa Hoss, chuma chakampani chidakula mkati mwa milungu ingapo kuchokera pa nthawi yake yachiwiri. Boma linkaperekanso zilolezo mosangalala.

Prime Minister ndiye adakhazikitsa mapulani amphamvu kudzera mu Horizon 2000, projekiti ya madola mabiliyoni ambiri yobwezeretsa Beirut ngati likulu lazamalonda ndi alendo ku Lebanon ndi dera. Solidere inali gawo lalikulu lachilimbikitso chachikulu ichi pomwe Hariri adakwanitsa kukopa nyumba yamalamulo kuti ivomereze lingaliro lopereka masheya a Solidere kwa eni ake akale ndi ochita lendi m'tawuni.

Deralo linachita maluwa. Pokhala malo osangalatsa kapena malo ochitirapo kanthu, idaphuka ndi malo odyera osiyanasiyana (omwe amatchedwa Cafe City), malo odyera, malo ogulitsira, mashopu, mashopu ogulitsa onyamula siginecha amatsegulidwa mpaka pakati pausiku. Malo ogulitsa zakudya ndi zakumwa samatseka mpaka aku Lebanon achoka dzuwa lisanatuluke, zomwe zimapangitsa Solidere kukhala malo otentha kwambiri usiku. Malo opitilira 60 adakhazikika koyambirira kokha ndi zakudya zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha Lebos. Ochita lendi amwayi amapeza malo abwino kwambiri moyang'anizana ndi mabwinja akale a ku Foinike a Berytus, omwe akufukulidwabe mpaka pano.

Chaka chino cha 2010 chimabwera pambuyo poti mwana wamwamuna wa Hariri, Prime Minister Saad Hariri adayanjanitsa ndi Syria yoyandikana nayo, yomwe adamuimba mlandu poyera kuti adapha abambo ake. Hariri, yemwe ali ndi zaka 40, tsopano akutsogolera boma la mgwirizano lomwe likuphatikizapo andale omwe amathandizidwa ndi Syria omwe anali mbali ya ndale zotsutsa. Mosiyana ndi zaka zapitazo, pamene zokambirana za atsogoleri zinali zodzaza ndi kuukira ndi kunyoza Syria, Hariri chaka chino adalankhula za siteji yatsopano mu ubale wa Lebanon ndi mnansi wake.