IATA: Kuthandizira kukula kosalowerera ndale kwa kaboni kumatsogolera zonse pamisonkhano ya ICAO

The Mgwirizano Wapadziko Lonse Woyendetsa Ndege (IATA) adawonetsa ziyembekezo zazikulu pazotsatira za 40th Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), kuyambira lero ku Montreal.

Kulimbikitsa mayiko omwe ali mamembala a ICAO kuti apitirize kuthandizira zoyesayesa za makampani kuti athetse kusintha kwa nyengo kudzakhala pamwamba pa ndondomekoyi.

Zolemba zamakampani zimaphatikizansopo:

• Kuphatikiza kotetezeka kwa ma drones mu kayendetsedwe ka ndege
• Kukhazikitsa njira yogwirizira padziko lonse lapansi kwa anthu olumala,
• Kukhazikitsa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi oyendetsera nkhani za anthu osamvera
• Kukhazikitsa njira zamakono komanso zosavuta zozindikiritsa anthu okwera, ndi,
• Kuchepetsa kusatetezeka kwa Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) kuti zisasokonezedwe.

Kusintha kwa Chilengedwe

"Zaka zitatu zapitazo, mayiko omwe ali mamembala a ICAO adakwaniritsa mgwirizano wakale wokhazikitsa Carbon Offset and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). Makampani onse oyendetsa ndege adalandira kudzipereka kwakukulu kumeneku monga gawo limodzi la njira yonse yochepetsera kusintha kwanyengo kwamakampani. Masiku ano, CORSIA ndi yowona ndi ndege zomwe zimatsata mpweya wawo. Tsoka ilo, pali chiwopsezo chenicheni chakuti CORSIA ingasokonezedwe ndi maboma akuwunjikana pa zida zowonjezera zamtengo wa kaboni. Amatchedwa 'misonkho yobiriwira' koma sitinawone ndalama zilizonse zomwe zaperekedwa kuti zichepetse kaboni. CORSIA idavomerezedwa ngati njira imodzi yokha yazachuma padziko lonse lapansi kuti akwaniritse kukula kosalowerera ndale popanga ndalama zokwana $40 biliyoni pothandizira nyengo ndi kuchotsera pafupifupi matani 2.5 biliyoni a CO2 pakati pa 2021 ndi 2035. General ndi CEO Alexandre de Juniac.

IATA, mogwirizana ndi Airports Council International (ACI), Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation (CANSO), International Business Aviation Council (IBAC) ndi International Coordinating Council of Aerospace Industries Associations (ICCAIA), yoyendetsedwa ndi Air Transport Action Group. (ATAG) idapereka chikalata chogwira ntchito chomwe, mwa zina, chimapempha maboma kuti:

• Tsimikiziraninso kufunika kwa CORSIA ku Msonkhano wa ICAO
• Chitani nawo mbali mu CORSIA kuyambira nthawi yodzipereka isanakhale yovomerezeka mu 2027
• Tsimikiziraninso kuti CORSIA ndi "njira yozikidwa pa msika yomwe ikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa CO2 wochokera ku ndege zapadziko lonse," ndi
• Tsatirani mfundo yakuti mpweya wapadziko lonse wa ndege uyenera kuwerengedwa kamodzi kokha, popanda kubwereza.

Kuphatikizika Kotetezedwa ndi Koyenera kwa UAS (drones) mu Airspace

Makina Oyendetsa Ndege Osayendetsedwa (UAS, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma drones), ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu, kuphatikiza kutumiza katundu wapakhomo ndi khomo, kuyenda kwa mpweya wakutawuni komanso kutumiza zinthu zadzidzidzi ndi mankhwala kumadera akutali. Komabe, chofunikira kwambiri ndikuphatikiza kwawo kotetezeka komanso koyenera mumlengalenga komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula anthu.

"Pofika chaka cha 2023, ntchito za drone ku US mokha zitha kuwirikiza katatu malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwina. Ndipo zimene zikuchitika padziko lonse n’zofanana. Vuto ndi kukwaniritsa kuthekera kumeneku mosatekeseka. Chitetezo cha kayendetsedwe ka ndege ndi chitsanzo. Makampani ndi maboma ayenera kugwira ntchito mogwirizana pamiyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zatsopano zomwe zimafunikira kuti akwaniritse bwino kwambiri kuthekera kwa ma drones, "atero de Juniac.

IATA, mogwirizana ndi CANSO ndi International Federation of Air Line Pilots Associations (IFALPA) idapereka chikalata choyitanitsa mayiko kuti agwire ntchito limodzi kudzera mu ICAO komanso mogwirizana ndi makampani kuti akhazikitse zofunikira kwa omwe alowa kumene mumlengalenga.

Apaulendo Olumala

Makampani opanga ndege adzipereka kupititsa patsogolo luso la maulendo apandege kwa anthu pafupifupi biliyoni imodzi omwe ali olumala padziko lonse lapansi. Ma Airlines adatsimikiziranso kudziperekaku pamalingaliro pa Msonkhano Wapachaka wa IATA wa 2019. Komabe, kuthekera kwamakampani kuwonetsetsa kuti okwera omwe ali olumala azitha kuyenda motetezeka komanso mwaulemu-mogwirizana ndi UN Convention on the Rights of People Disabilities-kukusokonezedwa ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa mfundo zolemala zadziko / zigawo zomwe mwina sizili. zimagwirizana kapena zikutsutsana mwachindunji.

"Pokhala ndi ukalamba, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akuyenda ndi olumala chikuwonjezeka ndipo chikupitirizabe kutero. Kuti ayende molimba mtima, amadalira njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo dongosolo logwirizana lapadziko lonse lapansi ndilofunikanso kuti ndege zizithandizira makasitomala awo olumala m'njira yotetezeka, yotetezeka, yothandiza komanso yosasinthasintha," adatero de Juniac. Kuphatikiza apo, Agenda ya 2030 for Sustainable Development ikufuna kuti anthu olumala achitepo kanthu ndi mabizinesi, kuphatikizanso zamayendedwe.

IATA yapereka chikalata chopempha mayiko kuti atsimikizirenso kuti njira yogwirizana yogwira ntchito yopezeka paulendo wa pandege ikuthandizira kukwaniritsa ma SDG a UN. Ikulimbikitsanso kuti ICAO ikhazikitse pulogalamu yantchito yofikira anthu olumala yomwe imaphatikizapo kuwunikanso miyezo yoyenera ya ICAO ndi machitidwe ovomerezeka ndi zolemba zamalamulo, ndikuganizira mfundo zazikuluzikulu za IATA za anthu olumala.

Apaulendo Osamvera

Ndi malipoti a anthu osamvera omwe akukwera pang'onopang'ono, IATA, IFALPA ndi International Transport Workers' Federation, adapereka chikalata cholimbikitsa mayiko kuti avomereze Montreal Protocol ya 2014 (MP14) yomwe imasintha njira zapadziko lonse zothana ndi anthu osamvera. Pepala logwira ntchito likupemphanso maboma kuti agwiritse ntchito malangizo aposachedwa a ICAO pankhani zazamalamulo pothana ndi okwera omwe akusokoneza.

MP14 imathetsa mipata m'mapangano omwe alipo kale omwe amatanthauza kuti okwera omwe ali ndi vuto saimbidwa mlandu chifukwa cha khalidwe lawo loipa. Maboma 14 akuyenera kuvomereza MPXNUMX kuti iyambe kugwira ntchito, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuchitika kumapeto kwa chaka chino. Komabe, pofuna kutsimikizira kufanana ndi kutsimikizika, kuvomereza kofala kumafunika.

“Zochitika za anthu osalamulirika mwatsoka zikuchulukirachulukira ndipo nthawi zonse zimakhala zosavomerezeka. Palibe wokwera kapena wogwira nawo ntchito yemwe ayenera kuchitiridwa chipongwe, kuopsezedwa kapena kuzunzidwa ndi wina woyenda pandege. Ndipo chitetezo cha ndege sichiyenera kukhala pachiwopsezo ndi khalidwe la anthu okwera ndege. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa MP14 kudzawonetsetsa kuti mayiko ali ndi mphamvu zothana ndi anthu osamvera mosasamala kanthu za komwe ndegeyo idalembetsedwa," adatero de Juniac.

ID imodzi

Masomphenya a IATA ndikuwongolera makampaniwo popereka zokumana nazo zoyenda mpaka kumapeto zomwe zimakhala zotetezeka, zopanda msoko komanso zogwira mtima. ID imodzi imagwiritsa ntchito kasamalidwe ka identity ndi kuzindikira kwa biometric kuwongolera ulendo wokwera. Pochita izi, ID imodzi idzamasula ndondomeko ya zolemba zamapepala ndikupangitsa kuti apaulendo azitha kudutsa njira zosiyanasiyana za eyapoti ndi chizindikiro chimodzi chaulendo chomwe chimavomerezedwa ndi onse omwe ali nawo paulendo wapaulendo.

“Oyenda pandege atiuza kuti ndi okonzeka kugawana zambiri zaumwini ngati zichotsa zovuta zina zaulendo wandege, bola ngati chidziwitsocho chikhala chotetezeka komanso chosagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika. Kuphatikiza pa zopindulitsa kwa apaulendo, ID Imodzi ipangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti anthu awoloke malire abodza, motero amathandizira kuthana ndi kuzembetsa anthu ndi zigawenga zina zodutsa malire. Zithandiza kuchepetsa mizere ndi kuchulukana kwa anthu m'madera omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha ndege. Ndipo imathandizira kuthekera kwa kuwunika kotengera zoopsa komanso kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana pamalire ndi malo oyang'anira chitetezo. ID imodzi ndi njira yamtsogolo ndipo tikuyenera kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko, "atero de Juniac.

Mothandizana ndi ACI, IATA idayambitsa chikalata chopempha ICAO Council kuti ipitilize kupanga mfundo zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso ukadaulo wothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kwa biometric paulendo wandege. Pepala logwira ntchito limalimbikitsanso mayiko kuti azithandizira zoyeserera zomwe zimathandizira kupititsa patsogolo miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi kuwonetsetsa kuti kusinthanitsa kotetezeka kwa digito yonyamula anthu kumazindikiritsa zidziwitso pakati pa omwe akukhudzidwa. Ikuyitanira mayiko kuti afufuze zaubwino wozindikirika ndi biometric kuti ateteze ndikuwongolera njira yodutsamo.

Kuthana ndi Kusokoneza Koopsa kwa GNSS

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) imapereka malo ofunikira komanso chidziwitso chanthawi yake chothandizira kuyendetsa ndege ndi kayendetsedwe ka ndege (ATM). Komabe, malipoti angapo alandilidwa okhudza kusokoneza kovulaza kwa GNSS. IATA, International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers' Associations (IFATCA) ndi IFALCA adapereka chikalata chopempha Msonkhanowo kuti uchitepo kanthu kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha GNSS kuti asokonezedwe komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti malamulo oyenerera akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikusungidwa kuti atetezedwe. GNSS pafupipafupi.

Kuphatikiza pa maphunzirowa, IATA ndi ogwira nawo ntchito pa ndege adapereka zikalata zogwirira ntchito pazinthu zina zambiri monga kuzembetsa anthu, kuzembetsa nyama zakuthengo, kugawana zidziwitso zachitetezo, chitetezo cha pa intaneti, miliri, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndege, chitetezo ndi mipata yama eyapoti, ndi zina. .

Msonkhano wa ICAO ndi chochitika chazaka zitatu chomwe chidzatsegulidwa pa 24 Seputembala 2019 ku Montreal ndi nthumwi zochokera m'maiko 193 a ICAO akukambirana zina mwazovuta kwambiri zamakampani oyendetsa ndege padziko lonse lapansi mpaka Msonkhanowo utha pa 4 Okutobala.