Mkulu wa IATA alankhula ku CAPA Aeropolitical and Regulatory Affairs Summit ku Doha

Alexandre de Juniac, Director General ndi CEO wa IATA adalankhula ku CAPA Aeropolitical and Regulatory Affairs Summit ku Doha, Qatar lero:

Ndizosangalatsa kukhala pano ku Qatar kuti tiyang'ane pazambiri zazamlengalenga komanso zowongolera zokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka ndege.

Ndege ndi bizinesi yapadziko lonse lapansi. Chaka chino idzakwaniritsa zosowa za mayendedwe a 4.6 biliyoni apaulendo. Idzalimbikitsa chuma cha padziko lonse ponyamula katundu wolemera matani 66 miliyoni, omwe mtengo wake ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a malonda apadziko lonse lapansi.

Maonekedwe a bizinesi akufalikira kumadera onse a dziko lapansi. Sitinayambe takhalapo ogwirizana kwambiri. Ndipo pamene kachulukidwe ka mgwirizano wapadziko lonse ukukula chaka chilichonse, dziko likukula bwino.
 
Ndimayitcha Bizinesi Yaufulu. Pamsonkhano wa AGM wa IATA kuno ku Doha mu 2014 tinakondwerera zaka XNUMX za ndege zoyamba zamalonda. Mayendedwe a ndege asintha dziko lapansi kukhala labwinoko pokankhira kumbuyo kutalikirana ndi kulimbikitsa kudalirana kwa mayiko. Monga makampani tikhoza kunyadira.

Sitinathe, komabe, kugwira ntchito pamlingo wamakono wa chitetezo, ndi mlingo womwewo wa luso kapena pamlingo umene timachita popanda malamulo omveka bwino komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito a masewerawo. Kuwongolera ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuyendetsa ndege.

Zikomo kwa CAPA ndi Qatar Airways chifukwa chogwirizana kuti titsogolere zokambirana zofunika zomwe zichitike pano lero ndi mawa.

Ambiri ali ndi malingaliro akuti mabungwe amalonda "amalimbana" ndi malamulo. Monga Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa IATA, ndizowona kuti nthawi yanga yambiri imayang'ana pa ulaliki, koma ndi cholinga chokwaniritsa ndondomeko yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka ndege.

Kumbali imodzi, izi zikutanthauza kugwira ntchito ndi maboma mwachindunji komanso kudzera mu International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) kupanga malamulo omwe amathandizira oyendetsa ndege kuti akwaniritse ntchito yake monga Business of Freedom. Kumbali inayi, zikutanthauza kusonkhanitsa ndege kuti zigwirizane ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse yomwe imathandizira dongosolo lapadziko lonse lapansi.

Kuti amalize fanizoli, miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi malamulo amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti kuwuluka koyenera, kothandiza komanso kokhazikika. Ndipo pokhazikika, ndikutanthauza zonse zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe komanso ndalama zamakampani.

Kuwongolera Mwanzeru ndi Zachilengedwe

Amene akudziwa IATA adzadziwa mawu akuti Smarter Regulation. Ndi lingaliro lomwe takhala tikulimbikitsa kwa zaka zingapo. Kuwongolera kwanzeru kumabwera chifukwa cha zokambirana pakati pa makampani ndi maboma zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri kuthetsa mavuto enieni. Kukambitsirana kumeneko kuyenera kutsogozedwa ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndikudziwitsidwa ndi kuwunika mozama kwa phindu la mtengo. Pochita izi, zimapewa zotsatira zosayembekezereka komanso zotsutsana.

Pa zabwino zake, Smarter Regulation imagwira ntchito. Umu ndi momwe tidakwanitsira CORSIA—Nyengo ya Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation. Uwu ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wosintha masewera pakusintha kwanyengo womwe uthandizire kuyendetsa ndege kuti zikwaniritse kukula kosalowerera ndale kuyambira 2020.
 
Kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa chaka chino, ndege zonse zimayang'anira momwe zimatuluka kuchokera kumayiko akunja zomwe adzanene ku maboma awo. Njirayi ipanga maziko. Ndipo chiphaso chokulitsa makampani oyendetsa ndege chidzakhala chowonjezera chomwe amagula kuti athandizire mapulogalamu ochepetsa mpweya wa kaboni m'madera ena azachuma.

Inde, CORSIA yokhayo si yokwanira. Tikugwira ntchito ndi maboma ndi makampani onse kuti tichepetse kutulutsa mpweya pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo watsopano, kuchulukitsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mafuta oyenda bwino oyendetsa ndege, komanso kugwira ntchito moyenera.

CORSIA idzachitapo kanthu kwambiri pokwaniritsa kusiyana kumeneku kufikira pamene zoyesayesazo zifika pauchikulire.

Kuchokera pamawonedwe owongolera chomwe chili chapadera ndikuti makampani adafunsa izi. Tinalimbikira kutero chifukwa tinavomera udindo wathu wosintha nyengo. Tidagwiranso ntchito limodzi ndi maboma kubwereketsa ukadaulo wathu wogwirira ntchito kuti tiwonetsetse kuti njira zogwirira ntchito zikuyenda bwino komanso zogwira mtima.
 
CORSIA ikhala yovomerezeka kuyambira 2027. Maboma omwe amawerengera kale pafupifupi 80% ya kayendetsedwe ka ndege asayina nthawi yodzifunira yapitayi. Ndipo tikulimbikitsa maboma ambiri kuti alowe nawo.

Mwanjira ina, tikuyang'anitsitsa kuti tiwonetsetse kuti ntchitoyo ikugwirizana ndi zomwe ICAO adagwirizana. Ndi chifukwa chakuti tikudziwa kuchokera muzochitikira kuti miyezo yapadziko lonse imagwira ntchito bwino pamene ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse komanso mofanana.

Monga mukuwonera, Smarter Regulation ndiyanzeru wamba kuposa sayansi ya rocket. Komabe pali mavuto. Mavuto atatu omwe timakumana nawo ndi awa:

Maboma akuswa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi

Maboma osakambirana ndi makampani, ndi

Maboma sakuyenda mofulumira kuti agwirizane ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale

Ndiroleni ine ndifotokoze izi mwandondomeko, kuyambira ndi nkhani za kukhazikitsidwa konsekonse.

mipata

Chitsanzo choyamba chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo ndi Worldwide Slot Guidelines (WSG). Iyi ndi njira yokhazikitsidwa bwino yapadziko lonse lapansi yogawa mipata yama eyapoti. Vuto ndilakuti anthu ambiri amafuna kuwuluka kuposa momwe ma eyapoti sangakwanitse. Yankho lake ndikumanga mphamvu zambiri. Koma zimenezi sizikuchitika mofulumira. Chifukwa chake, tili ndi dongosolo lomwe limagwirizana padziko lonse lapansi kuti tigawire mipata pama eyapoti omwe alibe mphamvu.

Masiku ano WSG ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma eyapoti pafupifupi 200 omwe amawerengera 43% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi.

Maboma ena ayesa kusokoneza dongosololi. Ndipo tatsutsa koopsa. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa kugawa malo ku Tokyo, mwachitsanzo, sikukutanthauza kanthu ngati palibe malo ofananirako omwe akupezeka panthawi yomwe akufunika. Njirayi idzagwira ntchito ngati maphwando kumbali zonse ziwiri za njira akugwiritsa ntchito malamulo omwewo. Kusewera ndi aliyense wotenga nawo mbali kumasokoneza aliyense!

Monga dongosolo lililonse, likhoza kusinthidwa nthawi zonse. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tikugwira ntchito ndi Airports Council International (ACI) pamalingaliro okhathamiritsa.
 
Chinachake chomwe chadziwika pochita izi ndikuti palibe njira yodziwika kuti ma eyapoti afotokozere momwe akukwaniritsira. Ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti kulengeza kocheperako ndi ma eyapoti ndi malire opangira mphamvu komanso kupunduka pamakina omwe akuyenera kukonzedwa.

Timakana m'mbali, komabe, malingaliro otsatsa malonda a slot. Mfundo yofunikira ya Smarter Regulation ndikuti imapanga mtengo monga momwe amawunikiridwa ndi kuwunika kwa phindu. Kugulitsa malonda sikumapangitsa kuti anthu azichuruka. Komabe, zitha kuwonjezera ndalama kumakampani. Ndipo, zidzakhala zowononga mpikisano chifukwa mphamvu zatsopano zitha kupezeka kwa ndege zomwe zili ndi matumba akuya kwambiri.

Mwanjira zonse, tiyeni tipange WSG kuti igwire ntchito bwino. Koma tisasokoneze phindu lomwe liri mu dongosolo lodalirika, lowonekera, lopanda ndale komanso lapadziko lonse lapansi-dongosolo lomwe lathandiza kukula kwa makampani opikisana kwambiri. Ndikukhulupirira kuti zokambirana za masanawa pamipata zipereka malingaliro abwino. 

Ufulu Wapaulendo

Chotsatira, ndikufuna kuyang'ana kufunikira kwa kukambirana-mfundo ina yofunika ya Smarter Regulation. Ndikufuna kuchita izi pokhudzana ndi kakhazikitsidwe ka malamulo okhudza ufulu wa okwera. Kwa zaka pafupifupi 15 makampaniwa akhala akudandaula za European Passenger Rights Regulation — EU 261 yodziwika bwino.

Ndi lamulo losokoneza, losanenedwa bwino lomwe likuwonjezera mtengo kumakampani aku Europe. Kuphatikiza apo, sichikuchita bwino pakuteteza ogula. Ngakhale European Commission ikuwona zofooka za lamuloli ndipo yapereka kusintha kwakukulu. Koma awa akhala akugwidwa kwa zaka zambiri chifukwa cha zotsatira za mkangano wa Gibraltar pakati pa UK ndi Spain.

N’zosamveka kuti mkangano umene unachitika chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 1700, zaka zoposa XNUMX ndege yoyamba isananyamuke, ukuchititsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa malamulo a ndege. Koma ndicho chenicheni. Mfundo yomwe iyenera kufotokozedwa ndi yosavuta. Kukambirana kokwanira kuyenera kuchitika lamulo lisanakhale lamulo chifukwa kukonza zolakwika kumatha kutenga nthawi yayitali.
 
Ndiloleni ndifotokoze momveka bwino. Ndege zimathandizira kuteteza ufulu wa okwera ndege. M'malo mwake, chigamulo cha AGM yathu ya 2013 chidafotokoza mfundo zochitira izi. Tikufuna njira yodziwika bwino yomwe imaphatikizapo kulankhulana kwabwino, chisamaliro chaulemu ndi malipiro oyenera pakufunika.

Chigamulo cha IATA chinaganiziridwa pamene maboma adavomereza mfundo za ICAO za ufulu wokwera. Ngakhale kuti maboma anasainira mfundo zimenezi, ambiri amalimbikira kuchita okha. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amatero poyankha mogwedezeka pazochitika.

Canada ndiye chitsanzo chaposachedwa. Poyankha zomwe zidachitika mu 2017 zomwe aliyense amavomereza kuti zinali zomvetsa chisoni, boma la Canada lidaganiza zokhazikitsa chikalata chaufulu wonyamula anthu. Boma lidafufuza malingaliro ambiri, zomwe zinali zabwino. Koma zotsatira zake zinali zokhumudwitsa.

Ndi lamulo lolemba lomwe lidasindikizidwa pa Disembala 22 - tchuthi chakumapeto chaka chitangotsala pang'ono kutha - chikhumbo chofuna kukambirana mwamphamvu sichikuwonekera.

Lamulo lokonzekera limayang'ana kwambiri kulanga ndege kuposa kuteteza okwera.

Zilango zimenezo zayiwala mfundo ya kulinganiza. Malipiro ochedwetsa amatha kukhala maulendo angapo apakati.

Ndipo mgwirizano wamtengo / phindu ndi wokayikitsa. Ndege zalimbikitsidwa kale kuti zizigwira ntchito munthawi yake. Zilango zidzawonjezera ndalama. Koma iyi si njira yothetsera vuto la okwera.

Malamulo Ayenera Kuyenderana ndi Zotukuka Zamakampani

Ngakhale sitigwirizana ndi malamulo okhudza chilango, pali nthawi zina pamene malamulo amphamvu amafunikira kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe zikuchitika m'makampani. Kukhazikika kwa bwalo la ndege ndi chitsanzo.

Maboma omwe alibe ndalama akuyang'ana kwambiri mabungwe apadera kuti athandize pa chitukuko cha ndege. Tikukhulupirira kuti zida zofunikira kwambiri monga ma eyapoti ziyenera kupangidwa mogwirizana ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito.

Ndipo zosowa zandege zochokera ku eyapoti ndizosavuta:

Timafunikira mphamvu zokwanira

Malowa ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo ndi zamalonda

Ndipo iyenera kukhala yotsika mtengo

Sitisamala kwenikweni yemwe ali ndi eyapoti malinga ngati apereka motsutsana ndi zolinga izi. Kukwaniritsa izi kudzathandizanso anthu amderalo pothandizira kukula kwa magalimoto komanso kulimbikitsa chuma.
 
Koma zomwe takumana nazo ndi ma eyapoti abizinesi zakhala zokhumudwitsa. Mochuluka kwambiri, kotero kuti makampani a ndege adagwirizana mogwirizana chigamulo pa AGM yathu yomaliza yopempha maboma kuti achite bwino.

Mamembala athu adalimbikitsa maboma kuti akhale osamala pamene:

Kuyang'ana pazachuma komanso chikhalidwe chanthawi yayitali cha eyapoti yogwira ntchito ngati gawo lofunikira kwambiri mdziko muno

Kuphunzira kuchokera kuzinthu zabwino zokhudzana ndi makampani, njira zatsopano zopezera ndalama, ndi njira zina zopezera kutenga nawo mbali kwa mabungwe apadera.

Kupanga zisankho zodziwitsidwa za umwini ndi machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito kuteteza zokonda za ogula, ndi

Kutsekera muzabwino za zomangamanga zopikisana ndi eyapoti ndi malamulo okhazikika.

Aeropolitics

Mipata, ufulu wa okwera komanso kubisa anthu pa eyapoti zimathandizira kuwonetsa chifukwa chake njira ya Smarter Regulation yotengera miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndiyofunikira kulimbikitsa kukula kwamtsogolo kwa ndege. Zimenezi zikufotokoza theka la chifukwa chimene tilili masiku ano. Nanga bwanji za aeropolitics?

Kumene tawona kumasulidwa m'misika, pakhala kukula. Nthawi zambiri, ndege ndi za kumasula misika. Pali chithandizo chonse, mwachitsanzo, pa Msika wa Single African Air Transport Market. Koma palibe mgwirizano waukulu wamakampani pazomwe zili zoyenera kuti zitheke kumasula anthu ambiri. Zolinga zamalonda zamakampani oyendetsa ndege ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndipo maboma ali ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri yoweruza zinthu mwachilungamo.

Koma ndikumbukiranso ndemanga zanga zotsegulira za ndege monga Business of Freedom. Izi zikukumana ndi mavuto lero ndi ndondomeko zambiri zandale. Zina mwa izi ndi zachindunji komanso zokhudzana ndi dera lino:
Kutha kwa Iran kukhalabe ndi miyezo yovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi kapena maulalo othandizira ku diaspora ndi mayiko ena onse akutsutsidwa kwambiri ndi zilango za US.

Ndipo, kusowa kwa ubale wamtendere pakati pa mayiko omwe ali m'derali kwachititsa kuti pakhale zoletsa komanso zosagwira ntchito.

Kutsekedwa kwa Qatar ndi chitsanzo chimodzi. Mayendedwe a ndege akupangitsa dzikolo kukhala lolumikizana ndi dziko lapansi - koma pansi pazovuta kwambiri.

Kuyang'ana kunja kwa dera, ku Europe, zotsatira za zokambirana za Brexit zitha kusokoneza luso la ndege kuti likwaniritse zofunikira zomwe zikukula pakulumikizana. Mosasamala za ubale wandale pakati pa UK ndi Europe tikuwona kufunikira kwa anthu pawokha komanso mabizinesi kuti kulumikizana pakati paziwirizi kuchuluke. Brexit singaloledwe kufooketsa kufunikira kumeneku.

Nthawi zambiri, magulu ena andale akukana kudalirana kwa mayiko. Amakonda tsogolo lotetezeka lomwe lingapangitse dziko lochepa kwambiri komanso losatukuka, pazachuma komanso chikhalidwe.

Tiyenera kuyesetsa kuti pakhale mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi. Koma n’zoona kuti kudalirana kwa mayiko kwachotsa kale anthu mabiliyoni ambiri ku umphaŵi. Zimenezo sizikanachitika popanda ndege. Ndipo tikudziwa bwino kuti makampani athu ali ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazolinga 17 za UN Sustainable Development Goals.

IATA ndi bungwe lazamalonda. Cholinga chathu chachikulu ndikuthandizira mabungwe athu apandege kuti azitha kulumikizana bwino, moyenera, komanso mokhazikika. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri komanso zabwino ku tsogolo la dziko lathu lapansi.
 
IATA ilibe ndondomeko ya ndale ndipo siitenga mbali pa mikangano ya ndale. Koma tikudziwa kuti ndege zimangopereka zabwino zake ndi malire omwe ali otseguka kwa anthu komanso kuchita malonda. Ndipo kotero, mu nthawi zovuta zino, tonse tiyenera kuteteza mwamphamvu Bizinesi Yaufulu.

Zikomo.