Polemba pempho ku positi ofesi ya Midway Drive ku San Diego sabata yatha, Fernando De Santiago anali m'gulu la makasitomala amphindi yomaliza omwe akhala akubwera kuti alandire pasipoti kapena pasipoti pofika Juni.
Ngakhale kupita ku United States kwakhala kutsatiridwa ndi malamulo okhwima kwakanthawi, lamulo latsopano lomwe lidzayambike pa Juni 1 lipangitsa kuti masiku oyenda wamba, opanda zikalata kupita ndi kuchokera ku Mexico kukumbukira kutali kwa nzika zaku US.
Pobwerera kudutsa pamtunda kapena madoko olowera kuchokera ku Mexico, Canada, Bermuda ndi Caribbean, nzika zaku US zidzafunika kupereka pasipoti kapena chimodzi mwazolemba zovomerezeka: pasipoti, khadi la "paulendo wodalirika" monga SENTRI pass, kapena chiphaso choyendetsera galimoto chopangidwa ndiukadaulo wama radio frequency, choperekedwa m'maboma ena koma osati California.
Kusinthaku, komwe kumatchedwa Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, ndikutuluka kwa malamulo achitetezo adziko omwe adakhazikitsidwa zaka zisanu zapitazo. Mapasipoti anali ofunikira kwa apaulendo apandege obwera kuchokera kuderali mu Januware 2007.
Kuyambira mu Januwale chaka chatha, apaulendo azaka 19 ndi achikulire omwe adalowanso pamtunda kapena panyanja adayenera kupereka umboni wokhala nzika, monga chiphaso chobadwira kapena chovomerezeka, komanso chizindikiritso chawo choperekedwa ndi boma. Zilengezo zapakamwa za unzika, zomwe zinali chizolowezi kwa apaulendo obwerera kuchokera ku Baja California, zidakhala chinthu chakale.
Ndi kukhazikitsidwa komaliza kwa kayendetsedwe ka maulendo, ziphaso zoyendetsedwa ndi boma, ziphaso zodziwikiratu ndi ziphaso zakubadwa sizikhala zikalata zovomerezeka kwa apaulendo azaka 16 ndi kupitilira apo, ngakhale ziphaso zakubadwa ndi zovomerezeka zimavomerezedwabe kwa ana osakwana zaka 16. t zimakhudza anthu ovomerezeka, okhazikika.
Ku positi ofesi ya Midway Drive, yomwe imatenga ofunsira mapasipoti oyenda, mizere yakhala yayitali kuposa masiku onse kwa mwezi umodzi, atero Susana Valenton, kalaliki wolandila mapasipoti.
"Pofika 8:45, tili ndi mzere wautali," adatero Valenton.
De Santiago, 42, nzika yaku US kwa zaka 15, adati adadikirira mpaka mphindi yomaliza chifukwa sanafunikire pasipoti - mpaka adazindikira kuti lamulo latsopanoli lidzakhudza tchuthi chake chomwe akukonzekera mu June kupita ku Mexico. mzinda wa Zacatecas, kumene iye anabadwira.
"Ndidalibe maulendo aliwonse okonzekera," adatero De Santiago polemba zambiri zake pa fomu yofunsira pasipoti. Apo ayi, sindikadachita izi.
De Santiago, yemwe akufuna kuwuluka kupita ku Zacatecas kuchokera ku Tijuana, samayenda kwambiri, kotero adasankha pasipoti yotsika mtengo, njira yatsopano yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamadoko amtunda ndi nyanja pobwera kuchokera kumayiko omwe akhudzidwa ndi kanthu. Khadi limawononga $45, pomwe buku la pasipoti lachikhalidwe limawononga $100. Khadi silingagwiritsidwe ntchito paulendo wapadziko lonse wandege.
Malinga ndi dipatimenti ya boma la US, pali anthu ambiri okhala ndi mapasipoti aku US tsopano kuposa 2002, pomwe pafupifupi 19 peresenti ya nzika zaku US anali nazo. Masiku ano, 30 peresenti ya nzika zaku US zili ndi mapasipoti. Pakadali pano, makhadi opitilira 1 miliyoni a pasipoti aperekedwa kuyambira pomwe adayamba chilimwe chatha.
Pamene malamulo atsopano oyendayenda adalengezedwa mu 2005, panali nkhawa kuchokera kuzinthu zamalonda kumbali zonse za malire a US-Mexico za mizere italiitali yopita kumpoto ndi zokopa alendo kumwera.
Okhala ku Tijuana, nzika zaku US pakati pawo, amapita kukagwira ntchito ku San Diego County, pomwe Baja California kwanthawi yayitali kwakhala koyendera alendo ochokera ku Southern California ndi kupitirira apo.
Patadutsa chaka chimodzi kuchokera pamene lamulo loyamba lotsimikizira kukhala nzika lidayamba kugwira ntchito, pakhala pali mavuto ochepa kuposa omwe ankawopa, adatero Angelika Villagrana, mkulu wa ndondomeko ya boma ku San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce.
"Pakhala kuzindikira zambiri, ndikuganiza," adatero. "Chifukwa adayiyamba pang'onopang'ono, osachokapo kupita ku ziphaso zobadwira, anthu omwe amawoloka kwambiri akuzolowera."
Villagrana adati makampani oyendayenda achita bwino, ngakhale pali alendo omwe sangathe kuwoloka ku Mexico chifukwa alibe zikalata zoyenera kubwerera.
Izi zikupitilirabe kuda nkhawa amalonda ku Baja California, komwe ntchito zokopa alendo zakhudzidwa ndi ziwawa zamagalimoto, kugwa kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi komanso posachedwapa chimfine cha nkhumba, chomwe chidachedwetsa chuma cha Mexico kuti chiyime pafupifupi mwezi uno pomwe boma lidayamba kukhala ndi kachilomboka. .
Lamulo lotsimikizira kukhala nzika silinathandize, atero a Antonio Tapia Hernandez, mkulu wa Tijuana Chamber of Commerce.
"Zinadzetsa kusatsimikizika," adatero Tapia. “'Ndikufuna kapena ayi? Kodi ndidzatsekeredwa m'ndende kapena ndidzakumana ndi mavuto ndikabwerera?' Pakufunika zikalata zambiri, m'pamenenso anthu safuna kuwoloka."
Akuluakulu aku US Customs and Border Protection adanena sabata yatha kuti samayembekezera mizere yayitali kuposa masiku onse olowera ku San Diego County pa Juni 1.
"Anthu akakhala ndi zikalata zovomerezeka ndi WHTI, mizere imapita mwachangu," atero a Vince Bond, wolankhulira bungweli. "Ikufulumizitsa ndondomeko yonse."
Bond adati apaulendo omwe alibe zikalata zoyenera koma omwe samaganiziridwa kuti amachita zachinyengo sadzabwezedwa. Oyang'anira kasitomu akhala ndipo apitilizabe kugawira mapepala omwe ali ovomerezeka.
Chaka chino, zida zidayikidwa ku San Ysidro Port of Entry kuti muwerenge zambiri zapaulendo pa ma radio-frequency chips ophatikizidwa m'makhadi a pasipoti, SENTRI ndi ziphaso zina zodalirika zapaulendo, komanso ziphaso zoyendetsa "zowonjezera" zikuperekedwa ku Washington, Michigan, Vermont. ndi New York.
