Bambo Saakashvili achita zopusa. Anthu aku Russia adamutcha kuti bluff. Kodi a West tsopano akukakamizika kumutulutsa?

Ozunzidwa, ndithudi, ndi anthu wamba a Georgia ndi dera lake losweka la South Ossetia, lomwe linagwidwa ndi nkhondo yomwe ikukulirakulira pakati pa asilikali a Georgia ndi asilikali a South Ossetian ndi othandizira awo amphamvu aku Russia. Mazana akuti aphedwa panthawi ya nkhondo ya ku Georgia komanso masiku awiri akumenyana koopsa komwe sikunasonyeze kuti kutha kumapeto kwa Loweruka, ndipo zikwi zambiri zikukumana ndi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha anthu. Koma nkhondo yomwe idayamba kuphulika ku Georgia pomwe atsogoleri adziko lapansi adachitiridwa nsanjika zamwambo wotsegulira masewera a Olimpiki a Beijing atha kukhala vuto lalikulu kwambiri pakutha kwa Cold War kuyambira pomwe Soviet Union idagwa.

Georgia ndi South Ossetia akhala akukhala mwamtendere kwazaka zopitilira khumi, tsopano, popeza derali lidachoka ku Georgia koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 90, pambuyo pa ufulu wawo wodzilamulira kuchokera ku Soviet Union. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yayitali yomwe idapha anthu pafupifupi 1,000 ndikuthamangitsa anthu amitundu yambiri aku Georgia m'derali, Georgia idakakamizika kusaina pangano loletsa moto lomwe lidachoka ku South Ossetia - gawo laling'ono lamapiri ochepa kuposa Rhode Island - lodziyimira palokha, koma osatha kuzindikirika ndi anthu apadziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, Russia yateteza derali, kupereka ndalama, chitetezo cha asilikali komanso ngakhale mapasipoti, ndipo yagwiritsa ntchito kudzipatula kwa South Ossetia, pamodzi ndi Abkhazia, dera lina la Georgia losiyana, monga momwe Tblisi akufuna kuti agwirizane ndi NATO. Moscow ikuwona kusuntha kwa Georgia ku NATO ngati gawo la njira yozungulira Russia ndi mayiko akumadzulo, ndipo pamene mgwirizano wa Kumadzulo unathandiza kuti Kosovo adzipatule ku Serbia kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino ngakhale kuti ufulu wake sunazindikiridwe ndi United Nations, akatswiri ambiri amayembekezera. Russia kuti ibwezere powonjezera moto wodzipatula ku Georgia.

Purezidenti wa Georgia Mikhail Saakashvili ali ndi ndondomeko yosiyana - adapambana chisankho mu 2004 polonjeza kuti adzabwezeretsanso madera othawa kwawo, ndikulowa nawo NATO. Adagwirizana kwambiri ndi US kuti Georgia lero ili ndi asitikali a 2,000 ku Iraq, gulu lachitatu lalikulu kwambiri pambuyo pa US ndi Britain, ngakhale Tbilisi yanena kuti iyenera kubweretsa osachepera theka la iwo kunyumba kuti athane ndi vuto lachitetezo. South Ossetia. Koma zomwe mtsogoleri waku Georgia adachita posachedwa aziwerengedwa ndi ena kuti akakamiza dzanja la mamembala a NATO osafuna kukakamira nkhani yopereka umembala ku Georgia chifukwa chowopa kukhumudwitsa Russia. Choncho, patapita masiku angapo akulimbana ndi malire osadziwika bwino pakati pa asilikali ake ndi odzipatula, mtsogoleri wa dziko la Georgia anayambitsa nkhondo yoopsa yomwe cholinga chake, boma lake linati, chinali "kubwezeretsa dongosolo," ndiko kuti, kulamulira. ndi boma lalikulu, ku South Ossetia. Mwachiwonekere, zonyansazo zinali kutchova njuga, chifukwa Saakashvili ayenera kukhala ndi kukayikira pang'ono za kukonzekera kwa Moscow kuteteza South Ossetia. Komanso, akuluakulu a NATO anali atachenjeza mobwerezabwereza boma la Georgia kuti lisamayesetse kuthetsa mkanganowu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zankhondo. Komabe, iye analimbikira.

Lachisanu, asitikali aku Georgia adawombera malo okhala anthu aku South Ossetian ndikuyamba kuwukira mozama m'derali. Pofika masana, malipoti analengeza kuti afooketsa otsutsa ambiri ndipo alanda likulu la Tskhinvali, likulu la South Ossetia. Mzindawu udazunzidwa kwambiri ndi ndege, zida ndi zida zankhondo, ndipo akuluakulu aku South Ossetia adati anthu opitilira 1,000 aphedwa. Komabe, kuphulika kwa mphezi kunkawoneka kuti kunabweretsa Georgia kuti ayang'anire dera lopatukana, ndipo adachita bwino pa lonjezo la kampeni ya Saakashvili. Zonyansazi zinakhudza zikondwerero zosawerengeka mumzinda wa Tbilisi, likulu la dziko la Georgia.

Kuyankha koyamba kwa Russia kunali kuyitanitsa msonkhano wadzidzidzi wa UN Security Council, akuyembekeza kuti apereka chigamulo chofuna kuyimitsa moto pakati pa Georgia ndi South Ossetia. Koma United States ndi mayiko ena anatsutsa chinenero chimene chinkaoneka kuti sichiletsa dziko la Russia kudzudzulidwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Dziko la Russia nthawi zambiri limaimbidwa mlandu chifukwa chosokoneza derali kuti lipindule ndikugwiritsa ntchito gulu lake lachitetezo chamtendere ngati chivundikiro choteteza gulu lankhondo mderali. Bungwe la Security Council linalephera kugwirizana pa chigamulocho, ndipo tsiku lotsatira, pamene atolankhani a ku Russia anayamba kufotokoza za kuvulala kwa asilikali a Russia ndi nzika za ku South Ossetia, Pulezidenti Dmitri Medvedev yemwe anali wankhope anaonekera pawailesi yakanema kuti alankhule mochititsa mantha. zida: "Ndili ndi udindo woteteza moyo ndi ulemu wa nzika zaku Russia, kulikonse komwe zingakhale," adatero. "Sitidzalola kuti anthu omwe adapha anthu athu akhale opanda chilango." Ndipo ndi izi, zida zankhondo zaku Russia ndi zida zankhondo zidayamba kutsanuliridwa ku South Ossetia, ndipo ndege zake zidayamba kuphulitsa malo aku Georgia. Pofika Loweruka, panali malipoti osagwirizana kuti ndi mbali iti yomwe imayang'anira South Ossetia, koma ndege zaku Russia zidagunda tawuni yapafupi ya Gori ku Georgia, pakuukira komwe akuluakulu aku Georgia akuti adapha anthu 60.

Kaya zotsatira zake zinali zotani, Moscow tsopano ikuwoneka kuti ikugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonongeka ya Saakashvili kuti iphunzitse phunziro lankhanza osati kwa anthu a ku Georgia okha, komanso kwa oyandikana nawo omwe akufuna kuti agwirizane ndi Kumadzulo motsutsana ndi Russia. Tsopano Saakashvili akupempha thandizo la Western. "Chiwawa chachikulu chayambika motsutsana ndi Georgia," adatero, ndikuyitanitsa kuti azungu alowererepo. Koma poganizira machenjezo am'mbuyomu a NATO, zomwe adalonjeza kwina kulikonse komanso kukana kwa mayiko ambiri omwe ali mamembala ake kuti atsutse Russia, sikukayikitsa kuti Georgia ipeza zambiri kuposa kungothandizidwa ndi mawu kuchokera kwa omwe amawateteza aku Western. Saakashvili akuwoneka kuti onse adachepetsa kukula kwa kuukira kwa Russia, ndikuyerekeza kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chomwe angadalire kuchokera ku US ndi ogwirizana nawo. Mtsogoleri waku Georgia atha kuyembekezera kuti Washington achitepo kanthu pachitetezo chake, makamaka chifukwa dziko lake lili pakatikati pa geopolitics of energy - Georgia ndiye njira yokhayo yopitira ku Russia ngati njira yopita ku payipi yonyamula mafuta kumadzulo kuchokera ku Azerbaijan. Koma Russia sikuwopseza kugonjetsa Georgia. Moscow akuti amangogwiritsa ntchito usilikali wake kuti abwezeretse malire odzipatula, omwe panthawiyi adzachita Saakashvili kugonjetsedwa kochititsa manyazi.

Ngakhale zotsatira zake sizidzaganiziridwabe, palibe zotsatira zopambana pazokhumudwitsa zomwe Georgia idayambitsa ndi cholinga chobwezeretsa South Ossetia. Saakashvili amapambana, kapena Moscow amapambana. Pokhapokha ngati US ndi ogwirizana nawo akuwonetsa chidwi chosayembekezeka chokumana ndi Russia yokwiya komanso yodzuka kumbuyo kwawo, ndalama zanzeru zikadakhala ku Moscow.