Kufunika kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka ndege

Mpweya monga njira yoyendera, kukhala yogwira mtima kwambiri komanso yosadya nthawi, ikuchitira umboni kwambiri pakali pano. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za Banki Yadziko Lonse, anthu pafupifupi 4.233 biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi amakonda mpweya ngati njira yoyendera mu 2018 poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha.

Kuchulukirachulukira kosalekeza komanso kusavuta komanso kusavuta kwamayendedwe apandege kwapangitsa kuti anthu omwe akuchulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi asankhe njira iyi, motero zikuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto apandege. Izi akuti zimafuna kuti pakhale kufunikira kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndege kuti awonetsetse kuti ndege zikuyenda bwino. Lingaliroli tsopano lawonekera kukhala lofunika kwambiri kuposa kale lonse, chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe kusamalidwa kolakwika kungabweretse.

Chitsanzo cha momwe kulephera kwa oyang'anira kungabweretse zotsatira zoyipa zitha kunenedwa ndi ngozi yowopsa kwambiri ya Japan Airlines mu 1985. Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chinachititsa ngoziyi chinali kusagwirizana pakati pa oyendetsa ndege ndi oyang'anira ndege zomwe zidatsala pang'ono kusiya anthu 505 ndi antchito pafupifupi 15 omwe adapulumuka.

Pambuyo pa ngozi yomvetsa chisoniyi, mabungwe osiyanasiyana oyendetsa ndege ndi maboma asintha njira ndi malamulo kuti azindikire zoyenda bwino padziko lonse lapansi. Kukula kwa ma eyapoti a Greenfield ndi boma la India ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zachitika mderali, zomwe zimatsimikiziranso kufunikira kowongolera kayendedwe ka ndege. Kuphatikiza apo, National Apprenticeship Training Scheme, NATS, yathandizira kwambiri SESAR, pulogalamu yomwe imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi malingaliro opangitsa kuyenda pandege kukhala kotetezeka, kotsika mtengo, komanso kutha kuyendetsedwa bwino.

Kuwongolera kayendedwe ka ndege ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri yomwe imakhazikitsidwa ndi cholinga chothandizira kuyenda motetezeka, mwadongosolo komanso mwachangu. Kuwongolera kayendedwe ka ndege kumakhudzidwanso ndi kulowererapo kwa kupititsa patsogolo kwaukadaulo komwe kukuchitika m'munda.

• Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa Time-Based Separation (TBS) pa Heathrow Airport, UK mu 2016 mwachiwonekere ndikuyenda kwakukulu kusonyeza kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo pakuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka ndege. Ukadaulo umalola owongolera magalimoto kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino kusiyana pakati pa ndege zomwe zikufika kutengera momwe mphepo ikuyendera.
• Pofotokozanso za kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, NASA pa Okutobala 2018, idapereka ukadaulo wake watsopano wowongolera kayendetsedwe ka ndege - Flight Deck Interval Management, ku Federal Aviation Administration. Ukadaulowu ukuyembekezeka kuthandiza oyang'anira magalimoto ndi oyendetsa ndege kuyendetsa bwino nthawi ndi chitetezo pakati pa ndege zomwe zikutera panjira.
• Mabungwe amakampani achita bwino kwambiri kupanga matekinoloje ndi machitidwe omwe angathandize pachitetezo chamayendedwe apandege. Pachifukwa ichi, Honeywell International, dzina lodziwika bwino mu bizinesi yoyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka ndege, adayambitsa NAVITAS, ukadaulo wothandizira wa IoT. NAVITAS imasonkhanitsa ndikukonza data yeniyeni kuti iwonetsere maso a mbalame ponseponse pa kayendetsedwe ka ndege zomwe zimathandiza kugawana nzeru pakati pa akuluakulu a bwalo la ndege.

Asia Pacific ikuwonetsanso zizindikilo zodziwika bwino zakubweretsa chitukuko pamsika woyendetsa ndege. Izi zachitika chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa kuchuluka kwa okwera ndege komanso kulowerera kwa ndege m'dera lonselo. Kafukufuku wambiri wanena kuti derali likukula kwambiri m'gawo la ndege, zomwe zingathandize APAC kupita patsogolo kwambiri pankhani yoyenda pandege. Zowonadi, zitha kukhala zofanana ndi Europe ndi North America kuphatikiza, pofika kumapeto kwa 2030, kutsegulira njira yachitukuko pakuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka ndege.

Ngakhale kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka ndege kumatchedwa njira imodzi yokha yothetsera mavuto onse oyenda pandege, pali zovuta zina zomwe zakhudza kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndege. Chimodzi mwa izi ndikusintha kwanyengo kwanyengo.

Kusintha kwanyengo kumatha kusuntha kufunikira ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale kupanikizika kwa maukonde a eyapoti, zomwe zimabweretsa chiwopsezo cha zomangamanga ndi ntchito zatsiku ndi tsiku. Komabe, osewera m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana akuyesetsa kupanga njira zomwe zingathandize oyang'anira ma eyapoti kuti aziwongolera magalimoto ndi kayendetsedwe ka ndege pomwe akutsatira malamulo okhwima aboma.

Popeza luso laukadaulo ndilofunika kwambiri pa ola limodzi, kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zowongolera magalimoto akutali kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka ndege m'tsogolomu. Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde a data kusamutsa zithunzi ndi deta pa digito, ATC yakutali ingasinthe kwambiri mawonekedwe amakampani m'zaka zikubwerazi. Osanenanso, kutumizidwa kwamatekinoloje akuluakulu kungathenso kubweretsa kusintha kwa msika wowongolera kayendetsedwe ka ndege.