Chikumbutso chinanso cha kuopsa koyenda panyanja m'malo ovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi chinali pamiyala yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Antarctica kale lero.
Pa chochitika chomwe chinali chofanana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa MV Ushaia mu Disembala chaka chatha, ngalawa yomangidwa ku Denmark yotchedwa Ocean Nova idasokonekera pa malo ofufuzira aku Argentina a San Martin usiku watha, kuyembekezera kumasulidwa ndi mafunde.
Palibe kuvulala koopsa komwe kwanenedwa mpaka pano koma ngoziyi yakonzanso mkangano wokhudza chitetezo cha sitima zapamadzi komanso kukula kwa zokopa alendo ku Antarctic.
Zomwezo zidachitikanso ndi kugunda kwa MS Nordkapp pafupifupi chaka chapitacho, komanso kumira kwa MV Explorer mu Novembala 2007.
Ziwerengero za alendo opita ku Antarctic zakula kwambiri m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, zikukwera ndi 22 peresenti pakati pa 2006/7 ndi 2007/8 - kuchokera pa 37,552 kufika pa 46,069 - ndikuwonjezera mwayi wa ngozi mwachiwerengero chabe.
Kusintha kwanyengo kungakhalenso chifukwa china.
Dr John Shears, wofufuza ku British Antarctic Survey, adanena kuti zotsatira za kutentha kwa dziko zikhoza kulimbikitsa sitima zapamadzi kuti zifufuze madera omwe sanathe kufikako.
"Tsopano m'derali muli madzi oundana ochepa kwambiri kuposa zaka 10 kapena 15 zapitazo," adatero. “Madera akutali ayamba kupezeka mosavuta, ndipo zombo zapaulendo zakhala zikulowera chakum’mwera ku Antarctic Peninsula kuposa kale, n’kufika kumadera akutali.”
Komabe, Dr Shears anagogomezera kuti vuto lalikulu la chitetezo limakhudza zombo zazikulu zapamadzi, kumene kuthawa kwakukulu kungakhale ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Malinga ndi maulendo apanyanja, Ocean Nova inali chombo chaching'ono, chonyamula anthu 64 okha ndi antchito 41. Zombo zapamadzi zazikulu - zina zomwe zimakhala ndi anthu opitilira 3,000 - zimanyamula alendo ambiri omwe amayendera derali.
Chodetsa nkhaŵachi chikugawidwa ndi Fred Griffin, wa bungwe loyendetsa maulendo, The Cruise People.
"Zombo zazikuluzikuluzi zikulowa m'madzi a Antarctic popanda kumangidwa kuti zizitha kuyendetsa madzi oundana," adatero.
Ngakhale kuti nyanja ya Ocean Nova inali ndi chiboliboli cholimbitsidwa, sitima zazikulu zapamadzi nthawi zambiri zimalowa m'madzi a Antarctic popanda chitetezo chofanana.
A Griffin adanenanso kuti ogwira ntchito akuluakulu opita ku Antarctic ayenera kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti azitha kuthawa, zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizokhazikika pa Nyanja Yaikulu ku North America, mwachitsanzo.
International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO) imayesetsa kulimbikitsa zokopa alendo otetezeka, kupereka malangizo kwa mamembala ake odzipereka. Maulendo akuluakulu oyenda panyanja ndi a bungweli, koma pali nkhawa za mphamvu za bungweli zomwe zingakhudze machitidwe awo. Popanda boma lachikhalidwe ku Antarctica, palibe njira yomveka bwino yokhazikitsira malamulo omwe angaletse zombo zapamadzi kuti zisamawone malo - ngakhale okwera omwe amatsikira ku Antarctica amangokhala 100 pa sitima iliyonse.
Ngakhale kuti Ocean Nova ikhoza kuchoka kumadzi amiyala posachedwa, nkhawa zachitetezo pamaulendo apanyanja ku Antarctic zatsala pang'ono kutha. Apaulendo ndi ogwira ntchito m'sitimayo tsopano akudziwa bwino kwambiri.
