Oyendetsa ndege akufunitsitsa kuti ndege zawo za Boeing 737 MAX ziwulukenso. Njira yovomerezeranso 737 MAX ifunika kuyambiranso kukhulupilika kwa akatswiri achitetezo, oyendetsa ndege, ndi oyendetsa ndege. Kuphatikiza apo, pamafunika kubwezeretsanso chidaliro cha okwera ndi anthu. Zomwe zikuchitika mpaka pano zabisika, ndipo okwera nawo amalimbikitsa Flyers Rights kulosera za okwera. adzanyanyala Boeing 737 MAX ngati ndondomekoyo ikuwoneka kuti ikufulumira, zobisika, zotsutsana, ndi zosakwanira.

Boeing, ndi maakaunti onse aboma, a FAA, akuwoneka akulimbikira kukonza zochita zawo kuti awonetsetse kuti oyendetsa ndege sakufunika maphunziro owonjezera. Kuyambira tsiku loyamba la kukonzekera kwa 737 MAX, Boeing wakhala akukhudzidwa ndi chikhumbo chofuna kuchepetsa

(1) ndalama zowongolera zotsimikizira MAX ngati banja latsopano la ndege ndi

(2) ndalama zophunzitsira zowonetsetsa kuti oyendetsa ndege akudziwa zatsopano komanso momwe angachitire ndi zovuta zomwe sizingatheke, koma zodziwika.

Flyers Rights ikuliranso belu la alamu

FAA ndi DOT sanawonetse poyera njira yodziwira ngati ndi liti kumasula 737 MAX. Ngakhale zofufuza monga DOT Inspector General's Audit ya FAA's 737 Certification Process iyenera kukhala yodziyimira payokha komanso yachinsinsi mpaka itatha, kufufuza kuwiri kosankhidwa ndi DOT ndi FAA kwakhala kwachinsinsi komanso kotseka kumalingaliro akunja. Chovuta kwambiri ndichakuti bungwe la FAA lawonetsa kuti silidikirira kuti kafukufuku aliyense amalizidwe asanatulutse 737 MAX. Kufufuzaku kumaphatikizapo kufufuza kwa DOT IG, Joint Authorities Technical Review, gulu la DOT la "Blue Ribbon", kufufuza kwaumbanda kwa FBI, ndi kufufuza kwa Congressional.

Malo amodzi omwe anthu, kuphatikiza akatswiri odziyimira pawokha achitetezo, angadziwitse malingaliro awo ndi ndemanga pano pa lingaliro la Flight Standardization Board lomwe likufuna kupitiliza kusafunikira maphunziro oyeserera oyendetsa ndege a 737 MAX. Apa ndipamene FlyersRights.org, m'malo mwa okwera ndege, ingauze bungwe la FAA kuti lichepetse kuvomerezanso 737 MAX, kuti liganizire malingaliro a akatswiri odziyimira pawokha, ndikuthetsa "phindu pachitetezo. "Kutengera zomwe zidalimbikitsa Boeing kupeputsa zosintha zomwe zidachitika ku 737 MAX poyesa kugulitsa ndege ngati 737 ku FAA, kumakampani andege komanso kwa anthu.

Kuyika injini zazikulu, zosagwiritsa ntchito mafuta pa fuselage yomweyi kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1960, komanso kuyesa kuchepetsa kusintha kwakunja ndi koonekeratu komwe kungakope chidwi ndi FAA ndipo kumafuna maphunziro oyendetsa ndege, zomwe zinachititsa Boeing kupanga pulogalamu ya pulogalamu. kukonza: MCAS.

Vuto lokhalo ndi MCAS, komabe, linali loti inali pulogalamu yolembedwa moyipa1 kudalira mbali imodzi yokha yolakwika ya kulowetsa kwa sensor sensor 2, omwe kukhalapo kwawo sikunaululidwe kwa oyendetsa ndege kapena oyendetsa ndege3, yomwe inkagwira ntchito mosiyana ndi momwe Boeing ankayembekezera ndikuwuza FAA, ndipo izi sizingalephereke, muzochitika zina zowuluka.5, potsatira mindandanda yoperekedwa ndi Boeing.

Ndipo ngakhale Boeing akuwoneka kuti akugwirabe ntchito pakukonzekera mapulogalamuwa, kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zomwe FAA zimangosankha ngati sizingachitike zakhazikitsidwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mawonekedwe a redundancy akugwira ntchito monga momwe amalengezera, Bungwe la FAA's Flight Standardization Board likadaperekanso zofunikira zophunzitsira zoyeserera. Malingaliro awa sichikuthandizidwa ndi Allied Pilots Association, Capt. Sully Sullenberger, akatswiri ena oyendetsa ndege ndi mapulogalamu, komanso anthu.

Malinga ndi Capt. John Cox, yemwe kale anali mkulu wa chitetezo cha Air Line Pilots Association, MCAS imapanga chikhalidwe chofanana ndi chokhazikika chothawa. Koma kukonza njira yothetsera vuto la stabilizer othawa, njira ya "roller coaster", sikunaphatikizidwenso m'mabuku ophunzitsira nthawi ina pambuyo pa 1982. Capt. Cox adanena kuti kuthawa kwa stabilizer kunasiya kukhala vuto pambuyo pa 737-200.6. Kuyambira ndi 737-300, "chinthucho chinali chodalirika kwambiri moti simunalepherepo."

Njira iyi ya "roller coaster" ndiyotsutsana. Zikadaphatikizidwa m'mabuku oyendetsa, oyendetsa ndege amatha kukonza zolakwika za MCAS.

Bungwe loyendetsa ndege la Allied Pilots Association lati zomwe akufunsidwazo ndizosakwanira. APA ikunena kuti maphunziro owonjezereka a pakompyuta “sadzapereka mlingo wa chidaliro kwa oyendetsa ndege kukhala omasuka osati kokha kuwulutsa ndege komanso kupereka chidaliro chimenecho kwa oyendayenda.”

Kaputeni Sully Sullenberger akunena kuti “akuvomereza ndi mtima wonse popanda kukayikira” ndi ndemanga imene yaperekedwa apa.

Cholumikizira choyamba ndi chilengezo cha Gregory Travis, wopanga mapulogalamu wazaka zopitilira 40 komanso woyendetsa ndege wazaka zopitilira 30. Gregory Travis akuti MCAS ikuyenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu ndipo mawonekedwe a airframe a 737 MAX akuyenera kusinthidwa kuti athetse kusakhazikika kwanthawi yayitali.

Chotsatira chachiwiri ndi mawu ochokera kwa Purezidenti wa Travelers United Charles Leocha.

Cholumikizira chachitatu komanso chomaliza ndi ndemanga yoyamba ya FlyersRights.org, yomwe idatumizidwa pa Epulo 30, 2019.

Kutsiliza

Potengera zolakwika zotsatirazi, pulogalamu ya MCAS imakonza mwachangu kuvomerezedwa ndi FAA, popanda zofunikira zophunzitsira zoyeserera zoyeserera, ndizosavomerezeka kwa anthu apaulendo.

 Lingaliro la Boeing loyika injini zatsopano pamafuselage 737 omwe alipo m'malo moyambira ndi chimango chomwe chingathandizire injini.

 Kulephera kwa Boeing kuwunikanso ndikumvetsetsa MCAS ndi njira zake zolepherera

 Kulephera kwa Boeing kuchenjeza FAA ku mphamvu ya MCAS ya madigiri 2.5, yokulirapo kuposa madigiri 0.6 omwe adanenedwapo kale.

 Kulephera kwa Boeing kudziwitsa oyendetsa ndege a MCAS

 Lingaliro la Boeing ndi FAA loti asaphatikizepo MCAS ku United States ndi zolemba zoyendetsa ndege zaku Europe

 Lingaliro la Boeing ndi FAA losafuna kubwezeretsedwanso kwa masensa akuwukira

 Lingaliro la FAA losankha kulephera kwa AOA kukhala "kowopsa" ndikusakakamiza kusafunikira ntchito, ngakhale kulephera kwa sensa ya AOA kunachitika kambirimbiri kuposa momwe amavomerezera "ndizowopsa"

 Lingaliro la Boeing ndi FAA posafuna kuti ma heater a sensor azitha kugwira ntchito, malinga ndi MMEL.

 Kulephera kwa pulogalamu ya Boeing kuzindikira kuti kuwerenga kunali kolakwika chifukwa kusintha kwake mwachangu sikunali kotheka.

 Lingaliro la FAA losafuna, monga mawonekedwe achitetezo, kuwala kwa AOA sikumagwirizana ndi chiwonetsero cha AOA

 Kulephera kwa Boeing kuwonetsetsa kuti chinthu chimodzi chosankha, chikagulidwa padera, chimagwira ntchito pomwe china sichinagulidwe ndi ndege.

 Kulephera kwa Boeing ndi FAA kuyendetsa ndege zoyeserera motengera kuwerenga kolakwika kwa AOA

 Njira zosakwanira zadzidzidzi za Boeing, zomwe zidatsatiridwa ndi oyendetsa ndege aku Ethiopian Airlines

 Kulephera kwa Boeing kulola oyendetsa ndege kuti adutse MCAS popanda kudula chotsitsa chokhazikika.

Mpaka pomwe bungwe la FAA lidadzipereka kudikirira mpaka kumapeto kwa kafukufukuyu asanasankhe ngati ndi nthawi yoti atulutse 737 MAX, ntchitoyi ikhala ikufulumira. Kuchotsedwa kulikonse panthawiyi kumakhala koyambirira. Lingaliro lililonse lomwe silikulamula kuti aphunzitse oyendetsa ndege oyeserera limapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zambiri zomwe zidayambitsa ngozi ziwirizi ndipo zikuwonetsa zomwe FAA ikupitilira patsogolo pazamalonda kuposa chitetezo.

FlyersRights.org ikupempha nthawi yowonjezereka kuti anthu apereke ndemanga pa Revision 17 ya Lipoti la Flight Standardization Board. M'malo mwa anthu oyendayenda, tikupempha masiku 7 owonjezera kuti akatswiri achitetezo, oyendetsa ndege, ndi ena apereke ndemanga zawo ku FAA.

Kupatsidwanso satifiketi kwa Boeing 737 MAX ndikosangalatsa kwambiri anthu wamba ndipo kuyenera kufufuzidwa kwathunthu. Pambuyo pa ngozi ziwiri mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, zonse zikuchitika mkati mwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za ntchito yamalonda ya MAX, anthu akufunika kutsimikiziridwa kuti ndegezi ndi zotetezeka komanso kuti FAA ndi Boeing akuchita zonse zomwe angathe kuika patsogolo chitetezo cha 737 MAX. ndi ndege zina zonse. Kuti izi zitheke, pamafunika nthawi yochulukirapo kuti akatswiri odziyimira pawokha odzitetezera abwere kudzagawana nawo luso lawo komanso nkhawa zawo.

Paul Hudson pwokhala, FlyersRights.org adafunsa kuti:

M'malo mwa okwera ndege, tikupempha nthawi yochulukirapo kuti tisonkhane ndikulimbikitsa akatswiri achitetezo kuti apereke ndemanga zawo ku FAA. Nthawi yopereka ndemanga yatsegulidwa kwa masiku 10 abizinesi. Poganizira chisankho cha FAA choyembekezera kusankha osachepera okhwima

kusintha komwe kulipo, "Differences Level B", kuwonjezereka kwa ndemanga sikungapangitse tsankho kwa FAA kapena aliyense wokhudzidwa. Ngakhale Boeing angafune kuti 737 MAX ivomerezedwenso mwachangu momwe angathere, sitikuwona chifukwa chomwe FAA ikufuna kuyika pachiwopsezo chitetezo, kapena kuwoneka ngati ikuwopseza chitetezo, potsimikiziranso 737 MAX mwachangu ndikuyika miyoyo yochulukirapo.

Kuwonongeka kwa Lion Air, kuwonongeka kwa Ethiopian Airlines, mavuto ena omwe adanenedwa ndi 737 MAX, nkhani zodziwika bwino za vuto la fakitale ya Boeing 787 South Carolina, ndi kukana kwa US Air Force kuvomereza KC-46 atapeza zinthu zakunja kwachititsa kuti pakhale vuto. pafupi kutaya kwathunthu chidaliro mu kukhulupirika kwa chitetezo cha FAA ndi Boeing. Akatswiri a chitetezo, oyendetsa ndege, oyang'anira ndege, ndi apaulendo akungodabwa kuti ndi zovuta zina ziti zachitetezo zomwe zili mu ndege zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa komanso m'ndege zina.

Ngati chidaliro cha anthu sichibwezeretsedwa, okwera ambiri sangapewe kuyenda pa 737 MAX, atha kupewa kuwuluka pa 787 ndi ndege zina za Boeing. Izi zitha kukhala zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi pomwe ndege zimaganizira zoletsa ma oda a 737 MAX.

Nthawi zothirira ndemanga pansi pa Administrative Procedure Act (APA) zimapereka ndemanga zosachepera masiku 30. APA imafuna nthawi yochepa yopereka ndemanga ya masiku 30 kupatulapo malamulo otanthauzira komanso pazifukwa zabwino zosonyezedwa. Pokhapokha ngati pali chiwongolero chochepa chomwe chaperekedwa, mutatha kulinganiza kufunikira kwa chithandizo chofulumira motsutsana ndi kufunikira kwa ndondomeko yokwanira komanso yotseguka kuti musankhe chithandizocho, padzakhala kusowa kwa ndondomeko yoyenera pano. Ndege zopanda chitetezo zitha kukhala zosakhazikika nthawi yake, kuyika anthu pachiwopsezo komanso chitetezo cha anthu, ndipo FAA itaya chikhulupiriro cha anthu. 2

Ndemanga pa Malingaliro a FAA Osalamula Maphunziro a Simulator

FlyersRights.org ikulimbikitsa kuti bungwe la FAA lifunika kuphunzitsidwa moyeserera pa gawo la MCAS kwa oyendetsa ndege onse a 737 MAX ndege imodzi isanabwerere mlengalenga.

Bungwe la Allied Pilots Association lati zomwe FAA zakonza sizikupita patali chifukwa siziphatikiza maphunziro a simulator. Bungwe la Allied Pilots Association lati kufunikira kwa nthawi yochulukirapo ya makompyuta sikungolephera kubwezeretsa chidaliro cha oyendetsa ndege kuti ayendetse ndegeyo, komanso kulephera kubwezeretsa chidaliro cha anthu kuti awuluke mundege. American Airlines yati ikuyang'ana njira zina zophunzitsira, koma ndege iliyonse sayenera kudziyika okha pachiwopsezo chazachuma poyerekeza ndi ndege zina kuti apeze mwayi wotetezedwa womwe uyenera kulamulidwa ndi ndege zonse.

Zatsopano zimawonekera mosalekeza tsiku lililonse. Lero, April 30, tsiku lomaliza la ndemanga za anthu, Wall Street Journal inanena kuti chizindikiro cha AOA chosankha sichinagwire ntchito monga momwe amayembekezera. Idapangidwa kuti izikhala yodziyimira yokha koma sizinagwire ntchito ngati ndegeyo sinagulenso chizindikiro cha AOA.

Woululira mbiri posachedwa adati adawona zinyalala zowononga ma waya a masensa a AOA mu 737 MAX. Ngakhale kuti Boeing akutsutsa izi, nyuzipepala ya New York Times yanena za wolemba mbiri wina wochokera ku fakitale ya Boeing 787 South Carolina yemwe wanena kuti adawona ndege zovomerezeka ndi zinyalala ndipo adauzidwa ndi akuluakulu kuti asanyalanyaze zophwanya malamulo. Gulu lankhondo la US Air Force lasiya kuvomera kutumizidwa kwa ndege ya Boeing KC-46 chifukwa zinyalala zidapezeka mkati mwa ndegeyo. Uwu ndi machitidwe olakwika omwe ayenera kufufuzidwa mokwanira ndi FAA ndi ofufuza odziyimira pawokha FAA isanapitilize kukakamira kuti itsimikizirenso 737 MAX mwachangu.

Bungwe la FAA liyenera kuchedwetsa kuthamangira kotereku, mobisa kuti ilole 737 MAX kubwerera mlengalenga mpaka itapeza chithunzi chonse kuchokera kwa akatswiri odziteteza okha, oyendetsa ndege, ndi ena.

Nthawi yayifupi yapangitsa kuti ndemanga yonse ikhale yosatheka ndipo mwina yalepheretsa ena kugawana nawo luso lawo, chidziwitso, ndi zomwe akumana nazo.

SOURCE: www.flyersrights.org