Plasma Yochokera kwa Anthu Omwe Achira ku COVID-19 Itha Kuthandiza Odwala Apano

Chithandizochi, chomwe chimadziwika kuti convalescent plasma, chimawonedwabe ngati choyesera ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Plasma imakhala ndi ma antibodies, mapuloteni a magazi omwe ali mbali ya chitetezo cha mthupi. Opangidwa kuti athe kulumikizana ndi kachilomboka komwe kamayambitsa COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, ma antibodies amawonekera ndikuyika chizindikiro kuti achotsedwe m'thupi, ofufuza akutero.

Motsogozedwa ndi ofufuza a ku NYU Grossman School of Medicine, kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti pakati pa amuna ndi akazi 2,341, omwe adalandira jakisoni wa plasma wa convalescent atangogonekedwa m'chipatala anali ochepera 15% kuti amwalire mkati mwa mwezi umodzi kuchokera ku COVID-19 kuposa omwe sanatero. alandire plasma yotsitsimula kapena omwe adalandira placebo ya saline yosagwira ntchito.

Makamaka, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti phindu lalikulu la mankhwalawa anali m'gulu la odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokumana ndi zovuta zomwe zidalipo kale, monga matenda a shuga kapena matenda amtima. Mankhwalawa, omwe ali ndi ma antibodies ndi maselo ena oteteza thupi omwe amafunikira kuti athe kulimbana ndi matendawa, amawonekanso kuti amapindulitsa omwe ali ndi magazi amtundu wa A kapena AB.

Zotsatira zaposachedwa za kafukufukuyu, zofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya JAMA Network Open pa intaneti Jan. 25, zimachokera pakuphatikiza chidziwitso cha odwala kuchokera ku maphunziro asanu ndi atatu omwe amalizidwa posachedwapa ku United States, Belgium, Brazil, India, Netherlands, ndi Spain pa zotsatira za kuchira. plasma ya COVID-19.

Ubwino wa chithandizochi ukhoza kuwonekeratu pamene zambiri za mayesero zikupezeka, akutero Troxel, pulofesa mu Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo wa Anthu ku NYU Langone. Izi ndichifukwa choti zomwe zapezeka pamayesero apaokha ndizochepa kwambiri kuwonetsa momwe chithandizo chimakhudzira odwala, akutero. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa ndi osathandiza kapena operewera.

Wofufuza mnzake Eva Petkova, PhD, akuti gululi likugwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wawo kuti lipange njira yowerengera odwala, kuphatikiza zaka, siteji ya COVID-19, ndi matenda omwe alipo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asing'anga azitha kuwerengera yemwe wayimirira. kuti apindule kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito plasma ya convalescent.

Pakafukufukuyu, ofufuza adayika zidziwitso zonse za odwala kuchokera ku kafukufuku wocheperako, wosiyana wamankhwala okhudzana ndi chithandizo cha plasma, kuphatikiza mayesero ku NYU Langone, Albert Einstein College of Medicine ndi Montefiore Medical Center, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, ndi University of Pennsylvania ku Philadelphia. Ochita kafukufuku amayembekeza kuti zabwino kapena zoyipa zilizonse pazamankhwala zitha kukhala zosavuta kuziwona pakati pa zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri za odwala. Mayesero onse anali osankhidwa mwachisawawa komanso olamulidwa, kutanthauza kuti wodwalayo anali ndi mwayi wopatsidwa mwayi wolandira plasma ya convalescent kapena kuti asalandire.

Zomwe zaphatikizidwa pakuwunikaku zinali zochokera ku kafukufuku wina wamitundu yambiri waku US yemwe adasindikizidwa padera mu Disembala 2021 mu JAMA Internal Medicine. Kafukufukuyu mwa odwala 941 omwe adagonekedwa m'chipatala ndi COVID-19 adawonetsa kuti odwala omwe amalandila Mlingo wambiri wamankhwala a plasma osati pamankhwala ena, monga remdesivir kapena corticosteroids, atha kupindula ndi chithandizo cha plasma. Wofufuza wamkulu wa maphunziro a Mila Ortigoza, MD, PhD, pulofesa wothandizira ku Dipatimenti ya Zamankhwala ndi Microbiology ku NYU Langone, akuti zotsatirazi zoyamba zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro lakuti convalescent plasma ikhoza kukhala njira yochiritsira yotheka, makamaka pamene chithandizo china sichinafike. kupezeka, monga kumayambiriro kwa mliri.

Kuphatikiza apo, madzi a m'magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kwa omwe adalandira katemera kale komanso omwe adalandira katemera (VaxPlasma) amakhala ndi ma antibodies ochulukirapo komanso osiyanasiyana omwe angapereke chitetezo chowonjezereka ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma virus, akutero Ortigoza. Ma virus nthawi zambiri amasintha chibadwa (amapeza masinthidwe mwachisawawa mu DNA kapena RNA codes) pakadutsa mliri uliwonse. Pachifukwa ichi, plasma ya convalescent imatha kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga pambuyo pa kusintha kotereku kusiyana ndi mitundu ya mankhwala yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri pakapita nthawi ndipo imayenera kukonzanso ndondomeko kuti igwirizane ndi kusintha kwatsopano, monga mankhwala a monoclonal antibody.