Sanjeev Gupta akuganiza kuti ndi nthawi yoti dziko la Afghanistan likhale ndi ntchito zokopa alendo pamalo amtendere.
Gupta, yemwe ndi woyang’anira mapulogalamu m’chigawo cha bungwe lomwe si la Aga Khan Foundation, wati ngakhale madera ena ndi ovuta kuwayendera, mzinda wa Bamiyan womwe uli m’chigawo chapakati cha Afghanistan ndi wotetezeka ndipo uli ndi chuma chochuluka cha chikhalidwe, mbiri komanso chilengedwe kuti chikope anthu obwera kumayiko ena.
"Bamiyan ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wa alendo," adatero Gupta. "Tiyenera kukonza malingaliro a Afghanistan. Dziko lonselo siloopsa.”
Aga Khan Foundation, yomwe ili ku Geneva, idapanga Bamiyan Ecotourism Project kuti ikhazikitse malo oyendera alendo, owongolera masitima apamtunda, ophika ndi ogulitsa mahotela, ndikudziwitsanso za zokopa zachilengedwe zakuderali. Ndi $1 miliyoni, pulogalamu yazaka zitatu.
Kugulitsa molimba
A Gupta avomereza kuti ntchito yokhazikitsa ntchito zokopa alendo ndi ntchito yovuta ngakhale m'chigawo chotetezeka ngati Bamiyan.
Chiyambireni nkhondo ya Soviet mu 1979 ndi zaka makumi atatu zankhondo, alendo ochepa adapita ku Afghanistan. United States ndi maboma ena ambiri akumadzulo apereka upangiri wapaulendo woletsa kwambiri kuyenda kosafunikira ku Afghanistan. Ndipo kulibe ndege zamalonda. Alendo amayenera kuyenda ulendo wamakilomita 150, wa maola 10 kuchokera ku Kabul pamsewu wafumbi womwe umalowera m'mapiri a Koh-i-Baba okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa asanalowe mu chigwa chobiriwira cha Bamiyan. Njira ina imayang'aniridwa ndi a Taliban, omwe adathamangitsidwa pakuwukira motsogozedwa ndi US mu 2001.
Koma Gupta akuwona ndondomeko yayitali. “Sikuti tikuyambitsa pulogalamuyi lero ndipo mawa kukubwera khamu la alendo,” adatero. "Koma zimapanga maziko."
Kunena zowona, Bamiyan ndi nkhani yopambana m'nthawi ya Taliban.
Pafupifupi mulibe opium poppies, minda ya Bamiyan ikuphulika ndi zomera za mbatata. Masukulu ambiri amangidwa, ndipo atsikana 45 peresenti ya ophunzira akuchigawo, kuyambira pafupifupi ziro mu 2001 pansi pa a Taliban okhazikika. Mosiyana ndi izi, masukulu 590 atsekedwa kumwera kwa Afghanistan ndipo ophunzira 300,000 atsala opanda makalasi chifukwa cha ziwawa za Taliban, malinga ndi Associated Press.
Mbiri ya alendo
Ndipo Bamiyan ili ndi malo oyendera alendo. Kuyambira masiku a njira yopeka ya Silk Road yomwe imalumikiza Roma ndi China, chigawochi chakhala choyimitsa alendo ochokera kumayiko ena kuchokera ku Alexander the Great ndi Genghis Khan kupita kwa mayi woyamba Laura Bush. M'mwezi wa June, mayi woyamba adakumana ndi amayi omwe amaphunzitsidwa ku sukulu ya apolisi ndipo adayendera malo omanga nyumba ya ana amasiye.
Eni ake ogulitsa tiyi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ina akuti Lachisanu, kumapeto kwa sabata lachisilamu, malo oimikapo magalimoto amadzaza ndi magalimoto ambiri - ambiri amakhala a mabanja aku Afghan.
M'zaka zapitazi, alendo ambiri adadza kudzawona ziboliboli ziwiri zazikulu za Buddha, za 174 mapazi ndi 125 mapazi, zomwe zinamangidwa zaka zana chisanabadwe Chisilamu kuchokera kumapiri a mchenga wofiira zaka 1,500 zapitazo. Panthawiyo, Bamiyan anali likulu la Chibuda.
Mu 2001, pamene mphamvu zake zidakwera kwambiri, boma la Taliban linagwiritsa ntchito maroketi ndi akasinja kuwononga malo achibuda, omwe amawaona ngati mafano a anthu osakhulupirira.
Tsopano, Bamiyan akufuna mbiri yake kubwerera.
Kankhani kuti mumangenso
Gov. Habiba Sarabi - bwanamkubwa wamkazi yekhayo ku Afghanistan - akuti akuyembekeza kuti chimodzi mwa ziboliboli za Buddha chidzamangidwanso, ntchito yovuta yomwe mabungwe angapo apereka ndalama, koma akuyembekezerabe kuvomerezedwa ndi Unduna wa Zachikhalidwe. Ku Kabul, malingaliro amagawanika ngati kubwezeretsedwa kwa mbiri yakale ya Afghanistan isanayambe Chisilamu ndi pulogalamu yoyenera.
Bamiyan ilinso ndi malo osungirako zachilengedwe ku Afghanistan, malo okwana masikweya kilomita 220 mozungulira Band-i-Amir - nyanja zisanu ndi imodzi zabuluu za safiro zomwe zili pakati pa madera opanda mchenga. Kukafika kumeneko, kumatenga maola atatu pagalimoto pagalimoto ya 4 × 4 pamsewu wamiyala pakati pa mitembo ya dzimbiri ya akasinja a Soviet ndi mapiri aatali aatali a 10,000 omwe sanachotsedwe konse ndi mabomba okwirira. Sarabi akuyembekeza kuti tsiku lina msewu wokhala ndi miyala udzalumikizana ndi Kabul kupita ku Band-i-Amir.
“Zokopa alendo zimatha kubweretsa ndalama zambiri komanso kusintha kwakukulu pamiyoyo ya anthu,” adatero.
Koma Abdul Razak, yemwe anali atakhala mu lesitilanti yopanda kanthu m'chipinda chake cha Roof cha Bamiyan Hotel cha zipinda 18, akuti zokopa alendo zili ndi njira yayitali kuti zitheke. "Bamiyan (chitetezo) ali bwino, koma kunja kwa Bamiyan ndikoyipa. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa alendo odzaona malo ndi mtendere.”
Lamlungu posachedwapa, Pei-Yin Lew, wophunzira zachipatala wa ku Australia wa zaka 22, anasangalala ndi bata la nyanja za Band-i-Amir m’paki yatsopano ya dzikolo.
"Chimodzi mwazifukwa chachikulu chomwe ndidafuna kubwera ku Afghanistan chinali kudzawona nyanjazi," adatero, atayima pamwamba pamiyala yowala yabuluu. “Ndikokongoladi kuno.”
Afghanistan zokopa alendo
Kusakhazikika kwa ndale ku Afghanistan kwasokoneza kwambiri ntchito yake yokopa alendo yomwe idangoyamba kumene.
Kuyambira kugwa kwa a Taliban mu 2001, sipanakhalepo ziwerengero zodalirika, koma akuluakulu amakampani amavomereza kuti alendo atsika kwambiri m'miyezi yaposachedwa.
Kuphulika kwa mabomba mwezi uno kunja kwa kazembe wa Indian ku Kabul komwe kunapha anthu 41, ndipo kuukira kwa January pa hotelo ya nyenyezi zisanu yokha ya likulu la mzindawu kwachepetsa bizinesi ndi 70 peresenti, malinga ndi André Mann, yemwe anayambitsa Great Game Travel Co. ku Kabul, zomwe zimapereka maulendo oyenda makonda.
"Zinthu zimatha kusintha mwachangu," adatero Mann. “Takumana ndi zopinga zina. Takhumudwitsidwa pang'ono, koma tikuyembekeza zabwinoko mu 2009. "
Upangiri waulendo waku US
Dipatimenti ya boma ikupitiriza kuchenjeza nzika za US kuti zisamapite kudera lililonse la Afghanistan.
"Palibe gawo la Afghanistan lomwe liyenera kuonedwa kuti silinachite ziwawa, ndipo kuthekera kulipo m'dziko lonselo chifukwa cha ziwawa, zomwe zimayang'aniridwa kapena mwachisawawa, motsutsana ndi anthu aku America ndi akumadzulo nthawi iliyonse.
"Pali chiwopsezo chopitilira kulanda ndi kupha nzika zaku US komanso ogwira ntchito m'bungwe lopanda boma (NGO) m'dziko lonselo."
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