Mabungwe a UAL Corp. a United Airlines, Delta Air Lines Inc. ndi Southwest Airlines Co. onse anaika zinthu zina zotayika kotala kotala chifukwa cha zolipiritsa zomangika pamakontrakitala amafuta andege zomwe adagula pasadakhale. Otsatsa malonda amati imeneyo ndi nkhani yabwino.
Bloomberg US Airlines Index yakwera ndi 2.5 peresenti kuyambira onyamula katundu adayamba kupereka malipoti opeza Oct. 15, pomwe Standard & Poor's 500 Index yatsika ndi 6.5 peresenti. Pambuyo pakutsika kwamitengo yamafuta kunadzetsa kuchepa chifukwa cha mipanda ya ndege, Wall Street ikubetcha kuti ndalama zotsika mtengo zopangira phindu chaka chamawa.
"Ogulitsa ndalama kwanthawi yayitali omwe adapewa ndege kwazaka zambiri akuyang'ana kutengapo gawo," atero a Michael Derchin, katswiri wa FTN Midwest Research Securities ku New York. "Nzeru zomwe zimabwera pakugwa kwachuma ndikuti gulu lomaliza kuchita bwino ndi ndege. Koma ndikupereka phindu kwa onsewo” mu 2009.
Zonyamula 10 zazikulu zaku US zidataya $2.52 biliyoni mgawo lachitatu, mwa zina chifukwa cholemba pamtengo wa hedge. Mafuta a jet adakwera mpaka $4.36 galoni mu Julayi, kenako adatsika ndi theka mpaka $2.07 lero.
"Ndizodabwitsa kuti zasintha bwanji pakanthawi kochepa," atero a Doug Parker, wamkulu wa US Airways Group Inc., pamsonkhano wa Oct. 23, pomwe ndegeyo idatumiza ndalama zokwana $ 865 miliyoni zomwe zidaphatikizira zolembera. mitengo yamafuta.
US Airways idalumpha 19 peresenti ku New York pakuchita malonda kotala ino mpaka lero, kutsogola kwachitatu kwakukulu pakati pa ndege 14 mumlozera wa Bloomberg kuseri kwa 30 peresenti ya UAL ndi 34 peresenti ya AirTran Holdings Inc. S&P 500 idatsika ndi 27 peresenti munthawi yomweyo.
'Palibe Amene Akudziwa'
Onyamula akuluakulu aku US adalengeza kuti ntchito 26,000 zachepetsedwa ndikuyika ma jets 460 pomwe mafuta akukwera, ndikuchepetsa ndalama kuti ziwathandize kuthana ndi kuchepa kwapaulendo chifukwa cha vuto la ngongole. Kutsika kwa mitengo yamafuta kumalimbitsanso mphamvu zawo zoletsa kutayika.
"Ndege zambiri zimatha kupanga phindu pamitengo yamafuta a jet pamlingo uwu," atero a John Armbrust, mlangizi wamafuta oyendetsa ndege ku Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. “Funso ndilakuti, kodi mitengo imakhala pomwe ili? Palibe amene akudziwa. "
Popanda ndalama zolipiritsa mafuta m'gawo lapitali, Kumwera chakumadzulo, Northwest Airlines Corp. ndi Alaska Air Group Inc. onse adanena kuti akanapeza ndalama. Kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa hedges yamafuta kunapangitsa kuti Southwest apeze phindu lazaka 17 kotala.
Zonyamula 10 zonyamula zida zidatayika pafupifupi $870 miliyoni, zocheperako poyerekeza ndi zomwe akatswiri a Derchin akuyerekeza $1 biliyoni. Amapanga phindu la $ 5 biliyoni ku gululo chaka chamawa.
Iwo mwina adzakhala "kusweka-ngakhale, mwina bwino" kotala ino, iye anati. M'miyezi isanu ndi inayi, kuwonongeka kwapang'onopang'ono kunali $2.86 biliyoni, kutengera malipoti a ndege.
'Kugwa Kwaulere'
Onyamula katundu kuphatikiza Kumwera chakumadzulo, US Airways ndi AirTran Holdings Inc. ati atha kuyimitsa mapangano owonjezera opangira mafuta mpaka mitengo yamafuta ikhazikika.
"M'masabata atatu apitawa okha, mafuta atsika $40" pa mbiya, mkulu wa AirTran Bob Fornaro adanena mu kuyankhulana kwa Oct. 23. "Msika ulidi kugwa kwaulere."
Fidelity Management & Research ndi m'gulu la osunga ndalama omwe akuwonjezera ndalama zandege kotala lapitali, kukulitsa mtengo wake ku Continental Airlines Inc. kufika ku magawo 15 miliyoni, kapena pafupifupi 14 peresenti. Kampani yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yamutual fund m'mbuyomu inali ndi 4.8 peresenti.
Kuopsa kwa masheya a ndege kumaphatikizapo kuthekera kwakuti kuchepa kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi kudzachepetsa kufunikira, komanso chiyembekezo chakukwera kwina kwamitengo yamafuta, adatero Kevin Crissey, wofufuza pa UBS Securities ku New York.
2009 Phindu
Komabe, Crissey akupanganso phindu kumakampani aku US chaka chamawa. Adatchulanso zochepetsera zonyamula katundu m'nyumba za 10 peresenti mpaka 15 peresenti ndipo adati mafuta sangabwererenso pachimake chake cha $ 147-barrel.
Kupereka maulendo apandege ocheperako kumapatsa ndege mphamvu zokwera mtengo. Ndalama zapaulendo, kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndi chindapusa, zidalumphira ndi 8 peresenti kapena kupitilira apo kwa onyamula ambiri kotala lapitali, ndipo Delta ili m'gulu la ndege zomwe zimati akuyembekezera kupindula kofananako panthawiyi.
"Lingaliro ndiloti ndege zili m'mavuto ambiri kuposa momwe zilili," adatero Crissey poyankhulana. "Ogulitsa amakonda kukangana kwa luso. Kukanakhala kutsika kwa mtengo wamafuta, ndiye kuti zikanakhala zogwedera. Koma pamodzi, ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri.”
AMR idatsika masenti 20, kapena 2.3 peresenti, mpaka $ 8.60 pa 4:15 pm mu New York Stock Exchange malonda ophatikizana pomwe Delta idatsika masenti 65, kapena 7.8 peresenti, mpaka $ 7.66. UAL yatsika masenti 55, kapena 4.6 peresenti, mpaka $ 11.40 mumsika wamalonda wa Nasdaq Stock Market. The Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index idatsika ndi 3.2 peresenti.
