Voluntourism: Njira Yopititsa Patsogolo Padziko Lonse Kapena Mafashoni Odzisangalatsa?

Kuphatikizika kwa maulendo ndi ntchito zachifundo kumapereka chikoka chokopa, ndipo ngakhale si lingaliro lachilendo, lakhala likuchulukirachulukira m'zaka zaposachedwa. Pofika chaka cha 2023, gawoli ndi lamtengo wapatali kuposa $2 biliyoni ndipo likukopa anthu odzipereka mamiliyoni ambiri, makamaka azimayi achichepere. Odzipereka odziperekawa amachokera ku mayiko monga United States, Canada, ndi United Kingdom, ndi Australia, nthawi zambiri kutsata mipata kumadera monga Africa, Asia, Central America, ndi South America.

Zonse zabwino zotsatira za volutourism makampani okhudza madera omwe akufuna kuwathandiza akadali nkhani yofunikira kwambiri. Akatswiri mu volutourism apereka zidziwitso zawo pamakampani omwe ali pano. Amayang'ana ubwino ndi kuipa kwake, ndikuwunika ngati izi zikuthandiziradi kusintha kwatanthauzo kapena zimangothandizira kufunafuna kwa odzipereka kusakasaka ndi kukhutira kwawo.

Kwa anthu miyandamiyanda amene adzipereka ku ntchito zapaulendo ndi zothandiza anthu, kuyenda maulendo ataliatali kapena masauzande ambiri kukathandiza anthu ndi madera amene akufunika thandizo kungakhale kopindulitsa kwambiri. Poganizira zofunikira zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi, anthu odzipereka okwana 10 miliyoni omwe amapita kumayiko akunja chaka chilichonse akuthana ndi zofooka zazikulu.

Kaya zikukhudza kumanga nyumba ku Honduras, kuphunzitsa anthu kulemba ndi kulemba ku Morocco, kuteteza zamoyo zomwe zatsala pang’ono kutha ku Italy, kapena kugawira chithandizo chamankhwala kumadera akutali a Mongolia, pali mwayi woti aliyense agwiritse ntchito luso lawo lapadera.

Kuchita nawo voluntourism kumathandizira chitukuko chamunthu. Zimapereka mwayi wopeza chidziwitso chozama pazovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi ndikukulitsa chifundo. Odzipereka ambiri amabwereranso ndikuzindikira bwino za ubwino wawo. Chokumana nacho chosintha moyo chimenechi kaŵirikaŵiri chimapangitsa munthu kukhala wokhutira ndi mmene zinthu zilili pa moyo wake.

Mosakayikira, gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazantchito zodzipereka siliri muntchito yokhudzidwa, koma paulendo womwe umapereka. Zimakupatsani mwayi wochita zinthu mozama ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, kukulitsa kumvetsetsa kwanu, ndikupanga kukumbukira kokhazikika. Pokhala ndikuthandizira madera osiyanasiyana, munthu akhoza kuthetsa malingaliro omwe anali nawo kale ndikukhala ndi maganizo omasuka.

Voluntourism, yofanana ndi malingaliro ena ambiri, imatsagana ndi gawo lake la mikangano. Zomwe zimachitika pansi nthawi zambiri zimasiyana ndi zomwe munthu amayembekezera. Ngakhale kuti zolingazo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyamikirika, pangakhale kusagwirizana pakati pa zosowa za anthu odzipereka ndi za anthu ammudzi pamene ntchito zimaika patsogolo ntchito yodzipereka. Zochita zanthawi yochepa zophatikiza anthu odzipereka osaphunzitsidwa zitha kukhala ndi zopindulitsa zochepa, makamaka ngati pali kusiyana pakati pa maluso ofunikira ndi ziyembekezo zokhazikitsidwa.

Mbali yazachuma imafunikanso kuganiziridwa. Makhalidwe opangira phindu pamakampaniwa adzetsa nkhawa, makamaka chifukwa cha mtengo wake pakati pa $ 1.7 biliyoni ndi $ 2.6 biliyoni. Mabungwe ena angagwiritse ntchito malingaliro abwino a anthu odzipereka kuti apindule nawo.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale otenga nawo gawo amaika ndalama zochulukirapo pantchito zachifundozi, zomwe nthawi zambiri amapereka masauzande a madola, pafupifupi 18% yokha yandalama zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zimalunjika kudera lomwe akufuna, pomwe 82% yotsalayo imadyedwa ndi ndalama zoyendera.

Zotsatira zake zonse ziyenera kukhala zopindulitsa. Wodzipereka waku Britain wopita ku Seychelles apanga pafupifupi matani 2.5 a CO2 paulendo wobwerera. Kuchokera pamalingaliro athunthu, izi zikuyimira kupereŵera kwakukulu, ngakhale tisanawunikenso kuchuluka kwa mbalame za m'nyanja kapena thanzi la coral. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti anthu ambiri omwe akuganizira mwayi wodzipereka kumayiko ena akufuna kupita kale.

Voluntourism iyenera kupereka zabwino kwa anthu odzipereka komanso madera omwe akukhudzidwa. Ndikofunikira kuyandikira mchitidwewu ndi udindo, kukhalabe ndi malingaliro ozindikira pa bungwe losankhidwa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti luso la munthu likugwirizana ndi zofunikira za ntchito zachifundo.

Njirayi imatha kulimbikitsa kusinthana kwa chikhalidwe, kukulitsa kuzindikira za zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi, komanso kulimbikitsa kutenga nawo mbali kosalekeza. Posankha mwanzeru ntchito, odzipereka atha kukhala ndi luso lofunikira, kukhazikitsa kulumikizana kokhazikika, ndikuthandizira chitukuko chokhazikika.

Ndikofunikira kuti anthu odzipereka aziika patsogolo ntchito zoyendetsedwa ndi anthu zomwe zimatsindika ubwino wokhalitsa, womwe udzakhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali. Kuonjezera apo, apaulendo akuyenera kusankha mabungwe omwe amagwira ntchito momveka bwino, kuyang'ana pa zosowa za anthu ammudzi komanso zochitika za anthu odzipereka, m'malo mongofuna kupeza phindu lalikulu.

Poganizira kuti 18% yokha ya ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa ku ntchito zodzipereka zimalunjika ku zomwe akufuna, anthu omwe awona kuti kugawikaku sikukukhutiritsa angafune kufufuza njira zina monga kudzipereka kwapakhomo kapena kudzipereka. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la United Nations Volunteers (UNV) limayesetsa kufunafuna akatswiri pantchito monga kumasulira, kupanga tsamba lawebusayiti, ndi kulumikizana.

Mavuto okhudzana ndi volutourism akhoza kuthetsedwa bwino. Odzipereka akamafananizidwa moyenera ndi mabungwe omwe amachitira zinthu poyera komanso akumvetsetsa bwino zomwe amatsatira m'madera omwe amatumikira, zimakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wothetsa magawano, kulimbikitsa kudzidziwitsa, ndi kupereka mgwirizano wolimbikitsana ndi zochitika zapaulendo.