Wopambana wamkulu wa Heathrow

Anthu a ku Britain akhala akukhulupirira kuti msewu wonyamukira ndege wachitatu ndi wofunika.Zimenezi sizowona.

Heathrow yadzaza. Mawu ang'onoang'ono atatuwa amatumiza anthu osaganiza bwino mu paroxysms. Olemera omwe ali ndi nkhawa aku Holland Park, Chiswick ndi Kensington, pozindikira kuti atha kukhala pansi panjira yachitatu yomwe akufuna, akukhamukira ku misonkhano yotsutsa. Magulu obiriwira amatsutsa zokambirana za Boma, posachedwa, ngati chinyengo. Oyimira mameya anayi aku London atulutsa zotsatsa zamasamba zomwe zikuwonetsa kutsutsa kwawo. Atsogoleri amalonda amaposa Greenpeace chifukwa cha zilankhulo zaposachedwa, ponena kuti bwalo la ndege "ndilofunika kwambiri kuti chuma chiyende bwino" ndikulosera mowopsa kuti makampani athawira kunja. “Heathrow ikhoza kutsika kapena kukula,” akutero Future Heathrow, gulu lolandirira amalonda. "Sizingatheke kukhala momwe zilili."

Mfundo yoti mawu omalizawa ndi osaona sikunalepheretse Boma kugonja. Ena mwa anzake a a Ruth Kelly a Cabinet sakukayikira kuti makampani opanga ndege akuloledwa kusokoneza ndondomeko zina. Monga chimphona chaubweya chomwe chinaphonya Ice Age, dipatimenti yoyendetsa ndege ikupitilizabe ndi cholinga chochulukitsa maulendo apandege aku UK m'zaka 25, ngakhale pali malipoti ovomerezeka omwe akuwonetsa kuti izi zipangitsa kuti Whitehall ikwaniritse zomwe akufuna kusintha nyengo.

Iwalani boma lolumikizana: pomwe Mlembi wa Zachilengedwe akulimbikitsa ogulitsa kuti achotse mababu akale, ndipo Treasury imanena kuti kuyenda kwa ndege kumakhala koyipa kwambiri kotero kuti okwera ayenera kulipira msonkho wochulukirapo, Ms Kelly molimba mtima amayendetsa ndege zakutsogolo, misewu ndi misewu yomwe imawalumikiza. .

Pakhala pali lamulo limodzi la makampani opanga ndege ndi lina kwa ena onse. Ngakhale Treasury imateteza misonkho ya petulo pazifukwa za chilengedwe, ndege zimapitilizabe kulipira msonkho wamafuta. EU ikukhazikitsa miyezo kwa opanga magalimoto omwe amakuwa, koma sangakhudze malo ofikira mpweya. DfT inasiya njira yake ya "kuneneratu ndi kupereka" kwa magalimoto zaka zapitazo, pozindikira kuti kupangidwa kwa misewu kunapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri aziyenda mofulumira komanso kuti kulingalira kwa chilengedwe kunapangitsa kuti kugawanika kukhala kofunikira. Koma ikupitiriza kuneneratu ndikupereka makampani opanga mpweya, kukana kulingalira kuti kufunikira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.

Miyezo iwiriyi yapangitsa kuti malonjezo asokonezeke pa Heathrow. Terminal 4 idavomerezedwa mu 1978, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwamayendedwe apachaka a 275,000. Zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake BAA inajambula mayendedwe 287,000, ndi 376,000 mu 1990. Pamene Terminal 5 inavomerezedwa mu 2001, woyang'anira mapulani ndi BAA adanena kuti msewu wachitatu "udzakhala wosavomerezeka konse", ndipo anakhazikitsa kapu yatsopano ya mayendedwe 480,000. Koma pofika 2003 White Paper inali ndi 700,000.

Kulungamitsidwa ndikufunika kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndege ku chuma. Kungakhale kupusa kunena kuti kuyenda pandege sikofunika kwambiri pabizinesi. Koma nthano zina ndi zabodza. Kukula kwa maulendo apandege kukukulirakulira chifukwa cha maulendo apaulendo, osati bizinesi. Oposa 80 peresenti ya apaulendo ochokera kumayiko ena ku eyapoti yaku UK, ndi 60 peresenti ku Heathrow, ndi okondwerera. Zokopa alendo zomwe zimachokera kunja zimadutsa mkati, ndikupanga ndalama zokwana £18 biliyoni zolipirira. Pokhapokha sabata ino, mahotela a Travelodge adapempha kuti kuthetsedwe kwa misonkho mopanda chilungamo kwa ndege zandege, zomwe zidati "ndizo chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepa kwa malo azokopa alendo achikale [ku UK]".

Kuwona makampani opanga ndege ngati chinthu chapadera, ndi chinthu chinanso kupotoza mfundo. Ndipo pano kugwirizana kwa Boma ndi makampani ndi vuto.

Tengani greenwash poyamba. Atumiki amabwereza mawu akuti "Kukula kwa Heathrow kudzapitirirabe mkati mwa malire okhwima a chilengedwe". Koma akudziwa bwino lomwe kuti kusowa kwa malamulo okhudza phokoso kumasiya anthu opanda chitetezo. Miyezo yatsopano yamayendedwe apamlengalenga a EU idawoneka ngati chopinga chosatheka kunjira yachitatu, koma akukangana ndi zonena zabodza zoti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto mumsewu kugwa. Masabata awiri apitawa bungwe la Advertising Standards Authority lidalamula British Airways kuti ichotse zomwe ananena ndi CEO wake potumiza imelo kwa mamembala a Executive Club, kuti msewu wachitatu uchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide chifukwa ndege sizidzafunikanso kuwononga mafuta pamzere kuti atenge. kunja kapena kumtunda. Mitundu iyi yotsutsana kwambiri ndi Whitehall, yomwe ikuganiza kuti njira yatsopano yowulukira ndege idzakweza mpweya wa CO2 ndi matani 2.6 miliyoni pachaka kuchokera pamaulendo owonjezera 200,000.

Kachiwiri, tengani mikangano yokhuza kuthekera. Ziwerengero za BAA zikuwonetsa momveka bwino kuti Heathrow siwodzaza. Osati kutali. Zowonjezera pazokambirana za boma panjira yachitatu ya ndege zimati okwera 67 miliyoni adagwiritsa ntchito Heathrow mu 2006, ndipo izi zitha kukwera mpaka 122 miliyoni ngati njanji yachitatu ingamangidwe. Koma zikuwonetsanso kuti anthu 95 miliyoni atha kugwiritsa ntchito Heathrow ngati "ntchito yayikulu idapangidwa ndi mayendedwe omwe alipo".

Pa sitiroko imodzi tikuyang'ana chiwonongeko, mwinamwake chachikulu kwambiri chomwe chinachitidwa kwa anthu a ku Britain ndi DfT. Chifukwa BAA palokha ikutiuza kuti anthu opitilira 28 miliyoni atha kugwiritsa ntchito Heathrow popanda msewu wonyamukira ndege komanso osaphwanya kapu paulendo wa pandege.

Bwanji? Pogwiritsa ntchito ndege zazikulu komanso kudzaza mipando yambiri. Jeff Gazzard, wa Airport Watch, akuti ngati Heathrow sanaloledwe kukula, zikhoza kulimbikitsa makampani a ndege kuti awononge ndalama zambiri mu ndege zazikulu monga A380, zomwe ena akusungira kale ndalama zawo.

Ndege zazikulu sizingathetse kusintha kwa nyengo, ngakhale kuti zingachepetse kuwononga chilengedwe. Mfundo ndi yakuti tauzidwa kuti Heathrow ndi yodzaza pamene siili. Kupotoza kotereku kukusonyeza kuti DfT yasiya kugwira ntchito ngati mkono wa boma ndipo yangokhala gawo la BAA.

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