Old Terminal New Hotel: The Roosevelt Hotel ndi The Postum Building

Mbiri ya Hotelo: Terminal City (1911)

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, injiniya wamkulu William J. Wilgus anali woyamba kuzindikira kuthekera kwa kugulitsa ufulu wa ndege, ufulu womanga pamwamba pa sitima yapamtunda yomwe tsopano ili pansi pa nthaka, kwa chitukuko cha nyumba. Ntchito yomanga Grand Central idapanga midadada ingapo yanyumba zogulitsa ku Manhattan, kuyambira 42nd mpaka 51st Streets pakati pa Madison ndi Lexington Avenues. The Realty and Terminal Company nthawi zambiri amapindula ndi maufulu apamlengalenga m'njira ziwiri: kumanga nyumbazi ndikuzibwereka kapena kugulitsa maufulu apamlengalenga kwa omanga omwe amamanga nyumba zawo.

William Wilgus adawona maufulu apamlengalengawa ngati njira yopezera ndalama zomangira malowa. Architects Reed & Stem poyambirira adakonza zomanga nyumba yatsopano ya Metropolitan Opera House, Madison Square Garden, ndi nyumba ya National Academy of Design. Pamapeto pake, njanjiyo idaganiza zopanga malowa kukhala ofesi yazamalonda.

Kukonzekera kwachitukukocho kunayamba kale kwambiri malo otsiriza asanamalizidwe. Mu 1903, New York Central Railroad inapanga chotuluka, New York State Realty and Terminal Company, kuti chiyang'anire ntchito yomanga pamwamba pa mayadi a njanji a Grand Central. A New Haven Railroad adalowa nawo ntchitoyi pambuyo pake. Mipiringidzo yomwe ili kumpoto kwa terminal idatchedwa "Terminal City" kapena "Grand Central Zone."

Pofika m'chaka cha 1906, nkhani za mapulani a Grand Central zinali zikukwera kale mitengo yapafupi. Mogwirizana ndi pulojekitiyi, gawo la Park Avenue pamwamba pa mayadi a njanji ku Grand Central lidalandira malo owoneka bwino komanso okopa ena mwa mahotela okwera mtengo kwambiri. Pofika nthawi yomwe malowa adatsegulidwa mu 1913, midadada yozungulira iyo inali yamtengo wapatali $ 2 miliyoni mpaka $ 3 miliyoni.

Terminal City posakhalitsa inakhala chigawo chamalonda ndi maofesi ku Manhattan.

Kuchokera mu 1904 mpaka 1926, malo omwe ali pafupi ndi Park Avenue adawonjezeka kawiri, ndipo m'dera la Terminal City adakwera 244%. Nkhani ya mu 1920 ya New York Times inanena kuti “kukula kwa malo a Grand Central kwaposa m’njira zambiri zimene ankayembekezera poyamba. Ndi mahotela ake, nyumba zamaofesi, nyumba zogona komanso misewu yapansi panthaka simalo a njanji okha, komanso malo abwino kwambiri a anthu. ”

Chigawocho chinaphatikizapo nyumba za maofesi monga Grand Central Palace, Chrysler Building, Chanin Building, Bowery Savings Bank Building, ndi Pershing Square Building; nyumba zapamwamba m'mbali mwa Park Avenue; mndandanda wa mahotela apamwamba omwe anaphatikizapo Commodore, Biltmore, Roosevelt, Marguery, Chatham, Barclay, Park Lane, Waldorf Astoria ndi Yale Club ya New York.

Zomangamangazi zidapangidwa mwanjira ya neoclassical, yogwirizana ndi kamangidwe ka terminal. Ngakhale Architects Warren ndi Wetmore adapanga zambiri mwa nyumbazi, idayang'aniranso mapulani a amisiri ena (monga a James Gamble Rogers, yemwe adapanga Yale Club) kuti awonetsetse kuti kalembedwe kanyumba zatsopanozi kumagwirizana ndi Terminal City. Kawirikawiri, ndondomeko ya malo a Terminal City inachokera ku City Beautiful movement, yomwe imalimbikitsa mgwirizano wokongola pakati pa nyumba zoyandikana nazo. Kusasinthika kwa kamangidwe kamangidwe, komanso ndalama zambiri zoperekedwa ndi mabanki oyika ndalama, zidathandizira kuti Terminal City apambane.

Nyumba ya Graybar, yomwe idamalizidwa mu 1927, inali imodzi mwama projekiti omaliza a Terminal City.

Nyumbayi ili ndi nsanja zambiri za Grand Central, komanso Graybar Passage, msewu wokhala ndi mavenda ndi zipata za sitima zoyambira ku terminal kupita ku Lexington Avenue. Mu 1929, New York Central inamanga likulu lake m'nyumba ya nsanjika 34, yomwe pambuyo pake inadzatchedwa Helmsley Building, yomwe inkadutsa Park Avenue kumpoto kwa terminal. Chitukuko chinachepa kwambiri panthawi ya Kukhumudwa Kwakukulu, ndipo gawo lina la Terminal City linagwetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kapena kumangidwanso ndi zitsulo ndi magalasi pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.

The City Club of New York, (kumene ndinatumikira monga Wapampando wa Bungwe kuyambira 1979 mpaka 1990) posachedwapa anatumiza kalata ku NY Landmarks Preservation Commission kulimbikitsa chitetezo Landmarks kwa Hotel Roosevelt (George B. Post ndi Mwana 1924) ndi Postum Kumanga (Cross & Cross 1923).

Roosevelt Hotel ndi hotelo yodziwika bwino yomwe ili pa 45 East 45th Street (pakati pa Madison Avenue ndi Vanderbilt Avenue) ku Midtown Manhattan. Wotchedwa polemekeza Purezidenti Theodore Roosevelt, Roosevelt idatsegulidwa pa Seputembara 22, 1924. Idatsekedwa kotheratu pa Disembala 18, 2020.

Mu hoteloyi muli zipinda zokwana 1,025, kuphatikiza ma suites 52. Presidential Suite ya 3,900-square-foot ili ndi zipinda zinayi, khitchini, malo ogona komanso malo odyera, komanso bwalo lozungulira. Zipindazi ndi zokongoletsedwa mwachikhalidwe, ndi mipando yamatabwa ya mahogany ndi zofunda zowala.

Munali malo odyera angapo mkati mwa hoteloyi, kuphatikiza:

• "The Roosevelt Grill" akutumikira chakudya cha ku America ndi zapadera za m'madera chakudya cham'mawa.

• “Madison Club Lounge,” bala ndi malo opumira okhala ndi mahogany bar otalika mamita 30, mazenera opaka magalasi, ndi poyatsira moto.

• “Vander Bar,” bistro yokhala ndi zokongoletsa zamakono, yopereka moŵa waluso.

Roosevelt ili ndi 30,000 masikweya mapazi a msonkhano ndi malo owonetsera, kuphatikizapo zipinda ziwiri za ballroom ndi zina 17 zochitira misonkhano kuyambira 300 mpaka 1,100 mapazi.

Roosevelt Hotel inamangidwa ndi wabizinesi waku Niagara Falls Frank A. Dudley ndipo imayendetsedwa ndi United Hotels Company. Hoteloyi inapangidwa ndi kampani ya George B. Post & Son ndipo inabwerekedwa kuchokera ku The New York State Realty and Terminal Company, gawo la New York Central Railroad. Hoteloyo, yomwe idamangidwa pamtengo wa $12,000,000 (yofanana ndi $181,212,000 mu 2020), inali yoyamba kuphatikizira malo ogulitsira m'malo mwa mipiringidzo m'mbali mwake, popeza yomalizayo idaletsedwa chifukwa cha Zoletsa. Roosevelt Hotel nthawi ina inali yolumikizidwa ndi Grand Central Terminal kudzera munjira yapansi panthaka yomwe imalumikiza hoteloyo ndi kokwerera masitima apamtunda. Njirayi tsopano ikutha kudutsa msewu kuchokera pakhomo la hotelo ya East 45th Street. Roosevelt anali ndi malo oyamba osamalira ziweto komanso kusamalira ana mu The Teddy Bear Room ndipo anali ndi dotolo woyamba wapanyumba.

Hilton

Conrad Hilton adagula Roosevelt mu 1943, ndikuyitcha "hotelo yabwino yokhala ndi malo abwino" ndikupangitsa Roosevelt's Presidential Suite kukhala nyumba yake. Mu 1947, Roosevelt inakhala hotelo yoyamba kukhala ndi TV m'chipinda chilichonse.

Hilton Hotels anagula mahotela a Statler mu 1954. Chotsatira chake chinali chakuti anali ndi mahotela akuluakulu angapo m’mizinda ikuluikulu yambiri, monga ku New York, kumene anali ndi Roosevelt, The Plaza, The Waldorf-Astoria, New Yorker Hotel ndi Hoteloyo. Statler. Posakhalitsa, boma linapereka mlandu wotsutsa a Hilton. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, Hilton anavomera kugulitsa mahotela awo angapo, kuphatikizapo Roosevelt Hotel, yomwe inagulitsidwa ku Hotel Corporation of America pa February 29, 1956, pamtengo wa $2,130,000.

Pakistan Mayiko Airlines

Pofika m'chaka cha 1978, hoteloyo inali ya Penn Central yomwe inali yovuta, yomwe inagulitsa, pamodzi ndi mahotela ena awiri apafupi, The Biltmore ndi The Barclay. Mahotela atatuwa adagulitsidwa ku Loews Corporation pamtengo wa $55 miliyoni. Loews nthawi yomweyo adagulitsanso Roosevelt kwa wopanga Paul Milstein kwa $ 30 miliyoni.

Mu 1979, Milstein adabwereketsa hoteloyo ku Pakistan International Airlines ndi mwayi wogula nyumbayo pambuyo pa zaka 20 pamtengo wokhazikika wa $36.5 miliyoni. Prince Faisal bin Khalid Abdulaziz Al Saud waku Saudi Arabia anali m'modzi mwa omwe adayika ndalama mu mgwirizano wa 1979. Hoteloyi idataya ogwira ntchito ake $70 miliyoni pazaka zotsatira, chifukwa chantchito zake zakale.

Mu 2005, PIA idagula mnzake waku Saudi mu mgwirizano womwe unaphatikizapo gawo la kalonga ku Hôtel Scribe ku Paris, posinthanitsa ndi $ 40 miliyoni ndi gawo la PIA la Riyadh Minhal Hotel (Holiday Inn yomwe ili pamalo a kalonga). Mu Julayi 2007, PIA idalengeza kuti ikugulitsa hoteloyo. Kuchuluka kwa phindu la hoteloyo, nthawi yomweyo pomwe ndegeyo idayamba kutayika kwambiri, zidapangitsa kuti kugulitsako kusiyidwe. Mu 2011, The Roosevelt adakonzanso kwambiri, koma adakhalabe otseguka panthawiyi.

Mu Okutobala 2020, zidalengezedwa kuti hoteloyo itsekedwa kosatha chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwachuma komwe kumakhudzana ndi mliri wa COVID-19. Tsiku lomaliza la ntchitoyi linali Disembala 18, 2020.

Guy Lombardo anayamba kutsogolera gulu la nyumba ya Roosevelt Grill mu 1929; ndipamene Lombardo adayambanso kuwulutsa wailesi yakanema ya Chaka Chatsopano ndi gulu lake, The Royal Canadians.

Lawrence Welk anayamba ntchito yake ku Roosevelt Hotel m'chilimwe pamene Lombardo anatenga nyimbo zake ku Long Island.

Nyimbo zinkaimbidwa m’chipinda chilichonse kudzera pa wailesi. Hugo Gernsback (wotchuka wa Hugo Award) adayambitsa WRNY kuchokera m'chipinda cha 18th cha Roosevelt Hotel akuwulutsa moyo kudzera pa nsanja ya 125-foot padenga.

Kuyambira 1943 mpaka 1955 Roosevelt Hotel inali ofesi ya New York City komanso nyumba ya Bwanamkubwa Thomas E. Dewey. Dewey wokhalamo anali famu yake ku Pawling, kumpoto kwa New York, koma adagwiritsa ntchito Suite 1527 ku Roosevelt kuchita bizinesi yake yambiri mumzindawu. Mu chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 1948, chomwe Dewey adataya Pulezidenti Harry S. Truman mu kukhumudwa kwakukulu, Dewey, banja lake, ndi ogwira ntchito anamvetsera kubwereza kwa chisankho mu Suite 1527 ya Roosevelt.

Terminal City, Roosevelt Hotel ndi Postum Building ndi mtima wa New York. Ayenera kupatsidwa mayina ndi chitetezo cha Landmarks posachedwa popeza Roosevelt Hotel yatsekedwa ndipo eni nyumba ya Postum alemba ganyu womanga kuti "awone zomwe angasankhe."

Stanley Turkel adasankhidwa kukhala 2020 Historian of the Year ndi Historic Hotels of America, pulogalamu yovomerezeka ya National Trust for Historic Preservation, yomwe adatchulidwapo kale mu 2015 ndi 2014. Turkel ndiye mlangizi wodziwika bwino wamahotelo ku United States. Amagwiritsa ntchito malo ake owerengera kuhotelo ngati mboni waluso pamilandu yokhudzana ndi hotelo, amapereka kasamalidwe ka chuma ndi kuyankhulana kwa hotelo. Amadziwika kuti ndi Master Hotel Supplier Emeritus ndi Educational Institute of the American Hotel and Lodging Association. [imelo ndiotetezedwa] 917-628-8549

Buku lake latsopano "Great American Hotel Architects Volume 2" langotulutsidwa kumene.

Mabuku Enanso Omasindikizidwa:

• Ma Hoteli Akuluakulu aku America: Apainiya a Makampani Ogulitsa (2009)

• Kumangidwa Pomaliza: Mahotela Akale Zaka 100+ ku New York (2011)

• Kumangidwa Komalizira: Mahotela Azaka 100+ Kum'mawa kwa Mississippi (2013)

• Hotel Mavens: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt, Oscar waku Waldorf (2014)

• Great American Hoteliers Voliyumu 2: Apainiya a Hotel Viwanda (2016)

• Kumangidwa Komalizira: Mahotela Akale + Zaka 100+ Kumadzulo kwa Mississippi (2017)

• Hotel Mavens Volume 2: Henry Morrison Flagler, Henry Bradley Plant, Carl Graham Fisher (2018)

• Great American Hotel Architects Volume I (2019)

• Hotel Mavens: Voliyumu 3: Bob ndi Larry Tisch, Ralph Hitz, Cesar Ritz, Curt Strand

Mabuku onsewa atha kuyitanitsidwa kuchokera ku AuthorHouse poyendera stanleystkel.com  ndikudina pamutu wabukuli.

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