Pakati pakukwera kwamafuta, kukwera kwa mitengo kumapangitsa Saudis kumva kuti ndi osauka

RIYADH, Saudi Arabia - Sultan al-Mazeen posachedwapa anayima pamalo opangira mafuta kuti adzaze SUV yake, akulipira masenti 45 galoni - pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi omwe aku America amalipira masiku ano.

Koma katswiri waku Saudi akuti aku America sayenera kuchita nsanje. Kutsika kwamitengo komwe kwakwera zaka 30 pa china chilichonse muufumu kukupangitsa Saudis kukhala wosauka ngakhale kuti ndalama zamafuta zikuchulukirachulukira.

Al-Mazeen, wazaka 36, ​​anati: “Ndikuuza anthu a ku America kuti, musamachite nsanje chifukwa gasi ndi wotsika mtengo kuno,” anatero al-Mazeen, wazaka XNUMX.

Ngakhale a Saudis samamva kuwawa pampopu, amamva kwina kulikonse, amalipira kwambiri m'malo ogulitsira ndi malo odyera komanso kubwereketsa ndi zomangira. Pomwe dziko likuchulukirachulukira pakugulitsa mafuta pamitengo yomwe idakwera mpaka $145 pa mbiya sabata yatha, kukwera kwamitengo kwafika pafupifupi 11 peresenti, kuphwanya manambala awiri kwanthawi yoyamba kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970.

"Gasi mitengo yatsika kuno, ndiye bwanji?" adatero Muhammad Abdullah, wazaka 60 wopuma pantchito. Nditani ndi gasi? Kumwa? Upite nayo ku supermarket?”

Al-Mazeen akuti ndalama zake zogulira pamwezi zawonjezeka kawiri - mpaka $ 215 - poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, pomwe mafuta anali pafupifupi $ 70 mbiya. M’nthaŵi imeneyo, mtengo wa mpunga waŵirikiza kaŵiri kufika pafupifupi masenti 72 pa paundi, ndipo kilogalamu imodzi ya nyama yang’ombe yakwera kupitirira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kufika pa $4.

Komanso, Saudis akulimbana ndi kusowa kwa ntchito - pafupifupi 30 peresenti pakati pa achinyamata a zaka zapakati pa 16 mpaka 26 - ndi msika wogulitsa umene uli pansi pa 10 peresenti kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chaka.

Anthu ambiri a ku Saudi akuzindikira kuti kukwera kwa mafuta kumeneku sikudzakhala ndi zotsatira zofanana ndi zomwe zinachitikira m'ma 1970, zomwe zinakweza Saudis kuchoka ku nsanza kupita ku chuma. Panthawiyi, chuma sichikutsika mofulumira kapena mofanana.

Chifukwa chimodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu muufumuwu, akutero John Sfakianakis, katswiri wazachuma ku Saudi British Bank. M’zaka za m’ma 1970, anthu a ku Saudi Arabia anali 9.5 miliyoni. Masiku ano, ndi 27.6 miliyoni, kuphatikiza nzika 22 miliyoni za Saudi.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti boma, lomwe limayang'anira pafupifupi ndalama zonse zamafuta, liyenera kufalitsa chuma pakati pa anthu ambiri. Kupatula njira yopereka chithandizo chaumoyo yomwe imaphatikizapo maphunziro aulere kuyambira kusukulu ya pulayimale mpaka ku yunivesite ndi zopindulitsa zina kwa nzika, mabungwe aboma amalemba ntchito anthu pafupifupi 2 miliyoni ndipo 65 peresenti ya bajeti imapita kumalipiro.

"Boma, inde, ndi lolemera, koma boma lili ndi pafupifupi katatu kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe likuyenera kusamalira," adatero Sfakianakis. "Ngakhale Saudi Arabia itakhala ndi kukwera kwa mitengo yotsika (m'ma 1970), dzikolo ndi zosowa za dzikolo ndizokulirapo kuposa momwe zinalili kale."

Choncho boma lili ndi malo ochepa okweza malipiro kuti athandize anthu kuthana ndi kukwera mtengo kwamitengo. United Arab Emirates posachedwapa idakweza malipiro a anthu ndi 70 peresenti - koma ngati Saudis akanachita chimodzimodzi, akadakhudzidwa ndi kuchepa kwa bajeti, Sfakianakis anawonjezera.

Mayiko ena a ku Gulf akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kukwera kwa mitengo. Ku UAE, kukwera kwa mitengo kukuyembekezeka kufika 12 peresenti chaka chino, ndipo ku Qatar ndi 14 peresenti, malinga ndi lipoti la Merrill Lynch koyambirira kwa chaka chino.

Koma mayikowa ali ndi anthu ochepa kwambiri ndipo amatha kufalitsa mafuta, gasi ndi chuma chawo chachuma mwachangu komanso mokulirapo kuti achepetse ululu. Chotsatira chake - mosiyana ndi chithunzi chawo Kumadzulo - Saudis ali kutali ndi anthu olemera kwambiri ku Gulf. Ndalama zomwe ufumuwo umalandira ndi $20,700 - poyerekeza ndi $67,000 ku Qatar, yomwe ili ndi anthu pafupifupi theka la miliyoni.

Poyankhulana posachedwapa ndi nyuzipepala ya Al-Siyassah ya Kuwait, Mfumu Abdullah adati "akuluakulu ali ndi njira zothetsera mavuto" ndipo akufuna kuthana ndi kukwera kwa mitengo.

“Boma litha kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zake kuthana ndi kukwera mitengo kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Ufumuwo udzagwiritsanso ntchito ndalama zomwe uli nazo polimbana ndi kukwera kwa mitengo komanso kuti zonse zibwerere m’malo,” inatsimikiza motero mfumuyo, osafotokoza zambiri.

Akatswiri azachuma ati gwero lalikulu la kukwera kwa inflation ndi kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kwa nyumba zogona, maofesi ndi chakudya - panthawi yomwe mitengo yapadziko lonse yazakudya ndi zopangira ikukwera. Chikalata chomwe Unduna wa Zachuma ndi Mapulani udatulutsa sabata yatha chati ndondomeko yobwereketsa yomwe ili ndi renti, mafuta amafuta ndi madzi yakwera ndi 18.5 peresenti, pomwe mitengo yazakudya ndi zakumwa yakwera ndi 15 peresenti.

Kutsika kwa mitengo ya Saudi kumakulitsidwanso ndi dola yofooka, chifukwa riyal imayikidwa ku ndalama za US, kuonjezera mtengo wa katundu wochokera kunja - ndipo ufumuwo umalowetsa zinthu zake zambiri zofunika.

Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zamafuta muzachuma nakonso ndi chifukwa chake, koma sizomwe zimayambitsa kukwera kwamitengo ngati zina, atero a Sfakianakis ndi azachuma ena.

Posonyeza kuti kukwera kwa mitengo sikudzatha posachedwa, nduna ya Saudi idaganiza pa Marichi 31 kuti ichepetse msonkho pazakudya zazikulu 180, katundu wogula ndi zida zomangira kwa zaka zosachepera zitatu, malinga ndi lipoti lomwe Sfakianakis adalemba ku Saudi British Bank. .

Komabe, ufumuwo uyenera kusangalala ndi ndalama zambiri zochulukirapo chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwamafuta chaka chino. Ndalama zotumizira mafuta kunja zikuyembekezeka kufika $260 biliyoni chaka chino, malinga ndi lipoti la mwezi watha la Jadwa Investment, kampani yabizinesi yaku Saudi. Izi zikuyerekezeredwa ndi avareji ya $43 biliyoni yokha pachaka m’ma 1990, lipotilo linatero. Ilosera kuti kuchuluka kwa bajeti kudzakhala $69 biliyoni mu 2008 poyerekeza ndi $47.6 biliyoni mu 2007.

Koma Saudi Arabia imayika ndalama zake zambiri zamafuta m'mabizinesi ndi katundu wakunja, mwa zina ngati mpanda ngati mitengo yamafuta idzatsika mtsogolo, ndikufinya bajeti.

Sheik Abdul-Aziz Al Sheikh, wamkulu wa mufti komanso akuluakulu achipembedzo muufumuwu, alimbikitsa boma kuti likhazikitse mitengo pazinthu zofunika.

"Cholinga chilichonse chiyenera kupangidwa kuti pakhale kukwera mitengo kwa zinthu muufumu wonse," adatero mufti pa ulaliki wake ku Riyadh mu February, malinga ndi Arab News daily.