Kudwala panyanja
Kafukufuku waposachedwa wazamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi komanso mavuto azokopa alendo awulula kulephera kwadongosolo m'makampani kuti amvetsetse mliri wa COVID-19. Mpaka mpaka (kuphatikiza 2019), maulendo apamtunda anali gawo lomwe likukula mwachangu kwambiri pantchito zokopa alendo. Mu 2018, zopereka zachuma (zowongolera, zosalunjika, komanso zoyendetsedwa) zapaulendo wapadziko lonse lapansi (kudzera mu katundu ndi ntchito) zinali $ 150 biliyoni, ndi 1,177,000 wanthawi zonse.
Komabe, makampani oyendetsa sitimayo ndi omwe amakumana ndi mavuto ambiri chifukwa cha mliri wa COVID-19 komanso kuphulika kwa Daimondi Princess ndi Grand Princess, misewu yayikulu yotikumbutsa ikutikumbutsa za chifanizo cha loto la Nebukadinezara: chachikulu komanso chosangalatsa, chifanizo chowala, chowoneka bwino koma ndi mapazi opangidwa pang'ono kuchokera ku dongo lophika.
Mavuto olumikizidwa ndi sitima zapamadzi siatsopano. Mu 1912 kumira kwa Titanic kunapanga nkhani ndipo ikupitilizabe kuwunikiridwa ndikuwunikidwa. Mu 1915 SS Eastland idamira padoko la Chicago ndikupha anthu opitilira 840 mwa 2500. Mu 2005 achifwamba anaukira Seabourn Spirit m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Somalia, ndipo mu 2010, Splendor (imodzi mwazombo zazikulu kwambiri za Carnival) idakumana ndi moto woyendetsa injini osunthika okwera masiku anayi opanda mphamvu.
Chifukwa cha norovirus ambiri okwera zombo za Carnival adadwala:
1. 2009, Coral Princess: 271 akudwala
2. 2010, Crown Princess: 396 odwala
3. 2012, Sun Princess: 216 odwala
4. 2013, Ruby Princess: 276 odwala
Mu 2014, Explorer of the Seas adabwerera ku New Jersey ndi anthu pafupifupi 650 omwe adakumana ndi norovirus atadzazidwa ndi mseru komanso kutsekula m'mimba. Omwe adakwera komanso omwe adakwera mu Mercury ya Celebrity adadwala chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa maulendo asanu motsatizana mu 2000, kuphatikiza odwala 443 mu February 2000 ndi 419 mu Marichi. CDC idapereka lamulo (pomwepo) losawerengeka lapaulendo chifukwa sitimayo idapitilizabe kupatsira okwerawo ndipo njira yapaulendo siyimasiya.
Vutoli limakhudza m'mimba ndi m'matumbo ndipo limatha kumeza kuchokera ku chakudya kapena madzi owonongeka kapena kudzera mwa munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka. Nthawi zina, imatha kufalikira kudzera muzimbudzi zosasamba bwino chifukwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala mchimbudzi. Tizilomboti titha kufalikira mwachangu, makamaka m'malo ang'onoang'ono ngati sitima yapamadzi.
M'mbuyomu, makampani oyendetsa sitimayo adayankha pamavuto ena (mwachitsanzo, zigawenga za 9/11, mavuto azachuma padziko lonse lapansi a 2008) mwachangu ndikutsatira International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code), ndikupereka njira yothetsera mavuto ndi chitetezo. Pambuyo pa 9/11 Abercrombie & Kent, kampani yoyendera maulendo apamwamba yomwe imakhala ndi doko loyenda m'mbali mwa Nile, idakhazikitsa zida zowonera zitsulo komanso chitetezo chovala zovala m'mabwato awo. Zombo zaku Royal Caribbean ndi Celebrity Cruises zidakhazikitsa magulu achitetezo a omwe kale anali ankhondo, kuphatikiza gulu lankhondo laku Israeli, gulu lankhondo laku Britain ndi Nepalese Gurkhas pazombo zawo. Zombozo zidalinso ndi mapaipi oyatsira moto, ma radar ndi zowunikira zamphamvu (kuchititsa khungu anthu omwe akuukira) kuteteza othawa. Poyankha mavuto azachuma a 2008, makampani adatsitsa mitengo yamaulendo apanyanja (yolipira ndalama zoyambira) ndikuyang'ana kukulitsa ndalama zapanyanja.
Shock, Awe ndi Demise
Kodi ndizosiyana bwanji ndi COVID-19? Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timatha kuwuluka ndipo titha kukhalabe pamtunda kwa maola ambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti makampaniwa (sakanatha kuyang'anira malo awoawo, maboma adziko lonse adakakamizidwa kulowererapo, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti kukakamiza (kapena kuvomereza mwamphamvu) kutseka, kusokoneza anthu, zoletsa kuyenda ndi zoletsa zina pazomwe makampani angachite komanso ayenera chitani.
Atsogoleri andale komanso oyang'anira maboma komanso oyendetsa mabungwe oyendetsa mabungwe omwe siaboma adapereka malangizo pothana ndi mliriwu pomwe malangizo owonjezera amachokera kuntchito yapadziko lonse lapansi (ie, WHO). Zotsatira zake? Aliyense adasokoneza mayankho, ndikuwonjezera chisokonezo ndi chidziwitso chabodza pamaukonde osavomerezeka olumikizana ndi asayansi omwe adasungidwa kwazaka pafupifupi zinayi zomwe a Donald Trump akhala ku White House ndikuwongoleredwa ndi utsogoleri wa WHO.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa atadziwika koyamba pa Daimondi Princess ndi Grand Princess, kusapezeka kwa mapangidwe azida kunakulitsa matendawa kukhala zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo zomwe zidafalikira kuchokera ku kampani imodzi yapamadzi kupita kumakampani onse.
Mavitamini oyenda panyanja ndi zombo mu Marichi 2020 adasintha makampani mpaka kalekale, kuyimitsa ndikuimitsa Princess Cruises, Disney Cruise Line, Viking, Norwegian Cruise line, Royal Caribbean, Carnival Corporation ndi MSC Cruises. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) idapereka No Sail Order masiku osachepera 100 kwa zombo zonse zonyamula anthu opitilira 250, ndikuwonjezera dongosolo la No Sail mpaka Okutobala 31, 2020. Azamara, njira yaying'ono yonyamula anthu matanga oyimitsidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa 2020. Carnival yaletsanso maulendo onse oyambira ku USA mpaka kumapeto kwa 2020; Komabe, Wotchuka akukonzekera kuyambiranso ntchito mu Novembala 2020 ndipo maulendo apanyanja ochokera / kupita kumadoko akunja akupitilizabe.
Zovuta Zachuma
Makampaniwa akuvutika chifukwa chakuchepa kwachuma, zomwe zimapangitsa mantha kwa omwe amagulitsa. Gawo la Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd latsika ndi 82.31%, Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings idagawana 85.17% ndipo Carnival Corporation & Plc idagawana idatsika ndi 76.61% kuyambira Januware 2, 2020 mpaka Marichi 23, 2020.
Kuchulukitsa thandizo pamaulendo apamtunda kwakhala kovuta. Misewu ikuluikulu itatu yapamadzi imaphatikizidwa m'maiko omwe amatchedwa "mayiko olandila ufulu wofanana," komwe sakukakamizidwa kulipira msonkho wamakampani 21% omwe makampani aku US akuyenera kulipira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati Carnival, kampani yayikulu kwambiri yaku US yonyamula anthu, asamuka kuchoka kudoko lakunja (mwachitsanzo, Panama) kupita ku US, ayenera kulipira pafupifupi $ 600 miliyoni pamisonkho yamakampani pamalipiro ake $ 3 biliyoni (2019) , choncho mwina sangasamuke nthawi ina iliyonse posachedwa.
Kulowerera Boma
Mu Seputembara 2019, Federal Reserve Bank idalowetsa $ 400 biliyoni ndipo pakati pa Marichi mpaka Julayi 2020, idalowanso $ 7.4 trilioni yowonjezera pamsika wamgwirizano wowombola. Pakadali pano pali zombo 122 zatsopano zonyamula nyanja mpaka 2027, pamtengo wokwana $ 68.4 biliyoni kukayikira kukwera kwa sitima yovuta kwambiri ya Ines.
Zoyenera kuchita? Malangizo a ICV
Kuyambira mchaka cha 2006, bungwe la International Cruise Victims (ICV), kampani yopanga phindu yopanga phindu yomwe imayimira anthu omwe akumana ndi zoopsa panyanja, kuphatikiza milandu (mwachitsanzo, kuchitiridwa zachipongwe), chithandizo chamankhwala chosakwanira, ngozi zapamtunda, kusowa kwodabwitsa, moto , zombo zomwe zaphwanyidwa, komanso kufalikira kwa matenda owopsa, zayang'anira ndikulimbikitsa chitetezo cham'madzi, chitetezo ndi kuyankha.
ICV yapereka njira zomwe zingabweretse mavuto omwe akukumana nawo pamakampaniwa ndikupempha kuti mapulani aboma omwe abwera kuchokera ku chiwonongeko aperekedwe kwa mabungwe aboma ndi anthu asadaloledwe kuyenda.
ICV imayitanitsa:
1. Kufufuza m'mbiri yaulendo wapamtunda wa COVID-19 wamphepete mwa zombo zambiri, kuyang'ana zomwe amadziwa, pomwe adadziwa, ndi zomwe adachita kuti athetse mavuto
2. Kudziwika kwa anthu omwe achititsa "zisankho zobisila anthu ndi anthu onse"
3. Tengani udindo wonse, ndipo mudzayimbidwe mlandu, pa matenda ndi imfa ya okwera
4. Pokonzekera kulowanso pamsika, maulendo apamtunda akuyenera, "kupanga ndondomeko zatsatanetsatane zothandizidwa ndi sayansi zothana ndi kuphulika kwa COVID-19, kuonetsetsa kuti okwera ndege akutsatira malangizo azaumoyo operekedwa m'malamulo onse omwe akugwirako ntchito , kuphatikiza, koma osati malire a:
• Asananyamuke, atakwera, maulendo apanyanja komanso mfundo zotsika
• Kuyezetsa magazi koyenera asanakwane komanso nthawi yobadwa
• Malo okhala okhaokha operekedwa kwa okwera ndi ogwira ntchito m'malo osiyana
• Maulendo ochepa opita kugombe kuti ateteze madera akumadoko
• Njira zowonetsetsa kutalikirana kwakuthupi
• Kuchepetsa kuchereza alendo kuti asapitirire 40% ya kuchuluka kwa anthu kufikira katemera wa COVID-19 atapezeka
• Malo odyera otseguka ndikuthana ndi njira zonse zodzifunira
• Njira zowonetsetsa kuti matenda akutetezedwa ndikuwongolera njira zaukhondo, zomwe zimapatsa nthawi yowonjezera pakati pa zombo
• Kuyesa zotsatira mwachangu
• Kuyika mafyuluta a H13 HEPA
• Wodziyimira pawokha wa COVID-19 Compliance Officer (C19CO) omwe ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa ndondomeko zachitetezo, ophunzitsa, kuwunika komanso kupereka malipoti osagwirizana
• Kupititsa patsogolo malo azachipatala ndi zida
• Kuchulukitsa kwa chitsimikizo cha ogwira ntchito ndi maphunziro
Jamie Barnett, Purezidenti wa ICV adati, "Kulola kuti maulendo apamtunda apitirire osakwaniritsa izi, kungakhale kusaina zikalata zonyamula anthu ambiri osati anthu okhawo omwe adakwera komanso ogwira nawo ntchito, koma anthu masauzande ambiri omwe amakakamizidwa kuyanjana nawo akangobwerera. M'malo modandaula za anthu omwe amawasamalira ali mkati, makampani oyendetsa sitimayo akuda nkhawa za omwe adzagawana nawo. M'malo mophunzira ndikuwongolera zolakwitsa zawo zazikulu, amapitilizabe kubwereza mpaka atayimitsidwa mwamphamvu. ”
Ndizachidziwikire kuti maulendo apamadzi amathera nthawi yochuluka, ndalama ndi kuyesetsa kulumikizana ndi anthu, kutsatsa ndi kukweza pamenepo poteteza okwera. Malinga ndi a Barnett, "Nthawi iliyonse pakagwa matenda ena kapena ngozi, timakumbutsidwa kuti zoyenda pagalimoto zimangokhudza ubale pagulu kuposa chitetezo cha anthu." Bungweli likufuna zochita zenizeni zomwe zisonyeze kudzipereka kwawo pachitetezo cha okwera ndege, "Ino ndi nthawi yoti makampaniwa atenge mpata wofunikiranso kwambiri kuti akhazikitse mfundo zoyambira komanso zoyambira patsogolo. Ndi kale kwambiri. ”
Makampani oyendetsa maulendo apamtunda alandila chisanachitike chidwi cha atolankhani padziko lonse lapansi chaka chino; zochepa zakhala zabwino. Chifukwa sitimazo zimagwira ntchito m'madzi akuda omwe amayendetsedwa mwachisawawa ndi maboma akuloleza kusagwirizana komanso (m'malo ambiri) machitidwe osatetezeka, COVID-19 yaulula zofooka zazikulu m'makampani komanso mawonekedwe omwe amabisa ndi / kapena kunyalanyaza maudindo azamalamulo, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe. ndipo amayesetsa kuthana ndi mlandu komanso kulakwitsa.
Barnett akupeza kuti, "Mbiri komanso kudalirika kwa ogulitsa sitima zapamadzi," akukakamizidwa kuti akhale ndiudindo pazomwe amachita komanso zosachita. “Mapindu ake ndi kupulumuka kumene kwa mafakitale omwe, pambuyo pake, siwofunikira koma m'malo mokonda chuma. Kusasamala za chitetezo ndi moyo wa ogwira ntchito ndi okwera ndege zitha kuwononga malonda. Anthu apeza njira zina zopitira kutchuthi. Malo ena omwe amakhulupirira. Madera ena omwe angatanthauze pamene akunena kuti chitetezo ndicho vuto lawo lalikulu. ”
Zambiri: https://www.internationalcruisevictims.org
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