Mapangidwe omwe amachulukitsa chilumba cha Yucatan amakhala opitilira 2400. El Pit, ndi Dos Ojos, otchuka kwambiri pakati pa alendo ndi osambira, amatha kupezeka mphindi 40 pagalimoto kuchokera ku Playa del Carmen. Posachedwa, ofufuza adapeza kulumikizana pakati pa mapanga a Dos Ojos ndi Sac Actun, omalizawa akuyamwa wakale, ndikukhala phanga lalikulu kwambiri m'madzi padziko lapansi.
Ku Puerto Rico ku America timagwiritsa ntchito dzina loti "cenote" pofotokoza mabowo akumira omwe apangika pakapita nthawi madzi akunyanja atatsika mu Ice Age yomaliza, ndikuwonetsa Peninsula Yucatan. Akatswiri ofufuza za nthaka akufotokoza kuti ndikubwerera m'madzi am'nyanja, miyala yamiyala ya Yucatan idagwa ndi mvula ndipo idagwa, ndikupanga miyala yolimba kwambiri. Zolemba zimakhala m'magulu otseguka, otseguka, komanso otsekedwa.
El Pit ndi cenote yotseguka kwambiri yamtundu wa silinda wokhala ndi mamitala 131 kutalika kwake. Pamamita 40 (90 mita) kumakhala mtambo wa hydrogen sulphate, wopangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthambi zamitengo ndi zamoyo zina zomwe zimagwera mdzenje pazaka zambiri. Kudutsa kwa mphanga ndi zomera kumabweretsa chisokonezo, kumasokoneza zinthu ziwirizi: nthaka ndi madzi. Mtambo umabweretsanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino am'madzi, ndipo limodzi ndi halocline (kusintha kwamchere wamadzi) imapatsa opumira pamadzi ndikumverera kolowera kumanda.
Pafupi ndi El Pit, cosote ya Dos Ojos imapezeka, yotchedwa mayi wa cenotes onse atalumikizana ndi Sac Actun. Cenote iyi ili ndi mizati (26 mita) yopitilira 8 ndipo siyipitilira mamita 50, kupangitsa kumiza kosavuta kulikonse komwe kumatha kuyendetsa bwino ndipo kumafuna kukhala mumdima wonse mukamayenda.
Chifukwa chowonekera bwino, madzi maphanga awa amawoneka bwino ndipo, kutentha kosasintha kwa 75 degrees Fahrenheit (24 Celsius), kumiza kumiza kosangalatsa. Ulendowu umatsatiridwa ndi matochi, kuloleza kuyesa kwa miyala, stalagmites, ndi zakale zakale zidatsalira pazinthu zina zapadera. Kutsetsereka kumasintha pang'onopang'ono kukhala maloto. "Kutseguka kwamapanga kumalola kuwala kwa dzuwa pang'ono pang'ono kulowa mkati mwakuya ndikupanga nsalu yotchinga, kutidzutsa kuti tikhalepo pamtunda, komanso kuti tamizidwa m'madzi opatulika" atero a Miguel Abularch ochokera ku Scuba Caribe Buceo.
Mawu oti "dzonoot" ndi achilankhulo cha Mayan Yucatec (Guatemala ndi Yucatan Peninsula). Ndi mawu achi Latinized, monga oyankhula a Mayan amagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro awo kuti alembe. Tanthauzo la etymological la dzonoot limatanthawuza zopatulika, zomwe "zili kupitirira". Koma "kupitirira" uku sikuli kopanda tanthauzo m'nthano zilizonse. Sichinthu chakuthupi, chosazindikira kapena chosaneneka, koma chotsutsana kotheratu ndi zomwe kumakhala mizukwa, oteteza, ndi konkriti ndi mizimu yakuthupi. Kwa iwo, zinali zowonekeratu kuti anali omizidwa m'madzi awa, okhala ndi ziwanda ndi antchito awo; Amulungu khumi ndi awiri (kapena ambuye) a Imfa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kwazaka zambiri, zolembedwazo zinali zoperekedwa ndi zopereka, ndipo mpaka pano ndizofunika kwambiri pazofukula m'mabwinja pofotokozera izi zovuta zakale. Posachedwa, patatha zaka 14 zafukufuku, akatswiri a "Great Maya Aquifer" akwanitsa kuzindikira kulumikizana pakati pa Sac Actun (164 miles / 263 km) ndi Dos Ojos (52 miles / 84 km), ndikupanga phanga lodzaza madzi a 216 miles (347 km), yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Malowa si zodabwitsa zachilengedwe zokha, komanso ndi malo okhala zinsinsi zomwe zikuwululidwa. Kuti muwapeze, kuthekera ndikumadzimadzimadzi. Kwa akatswiri odziwa kusambira ndi alendo omwe amachita masewerawa, ndizofunikira kuti mupite limodzi ndi kalozera wovomerezeka ndi zida zoyenera zachitetezo kuti mupewe chiopsezo chotsekedwa ndi makoma omwe amatseka pamwamba. Komabe, ndioyenera magawo osiyanasiyana, bola atasintha kuzama kwawo molingana ndi maphunziro awo.
ZOMWE MUNGACHITE PA NKHANIYI:
- For professional scuba divers and amateur visitors alike, it is mandatory to be accompanied by a certified guide with the appropriate safety gear and procedures to avoid the risk of being trapped by the walls that block the surface.
- “The cavernous openings allow sporadic sun rays to penetrate into the depths forming a curtain of light, awakening us to the presence of the surface, and to the fact that we are submerged in sacred waters” says Miguel Abularch from Scuba Caribe Buceo.
- The cloud recreates a spectral marine scene, and together with the halocline (change in salinity of the water) provides the scuba diver with the sensation of entering the underworld.
