Chifukwa chomwe zikwama zanu sizili bwino pa eyapoti yayikulu

Ndege ziti zomwe zitha kutaya katundu wanu? Zazikuluzikulu.

Department of Transportation imatulutsa ziwerengero mwezi uliwonse pamlingo wandege zomwe ndege za "mishandle" - ndiye kuti, osakupatsirani ndi ndege yanu. Ziwerengerozi zimatsika ndi kutsika, koma kutenga nthawi yayitali kukuwonetsa kuti ndege zina zakhala bwino kwambiri kuposa ena pantchito yonyamula katundu.

Pazaka 10 zapitazi, United Airlines ya UAL Corp., AMR Corp.'s American Airlines ndi Delta Air Lines Inc. - omwe ali ndi maudindo akuluakulu atatu mdzikolo - ali ndi mbiri yoyendetsa katundu pakati pa ndege zazikuluzikulu. Katundu wonyamula katundu wa United pakati pa 1998 ndi 2007 anali 29% kuposa a Continental Airlines Inc., omwe anali ndi mbiri yabwino zaka 10 pakati paonyamula ndege.

Kusamalira katundu kwachititsa chidwi posachedwapa kwa apaulendo omwe akuwona kuti akuyenera kulipira ntchito yonyamula katundu yomwe kale inali yaulere. Mwambiri, zafika poipiraipira ndege. Mulingo wazikwama zosasamalidwa bwino zonyamula zazikulu zisanu ndi zitatu zomwe zinali kuwuluka zaka 10 zapitazo zinali 28% zokwera mu 2007 kuposa momwe zinaliri mu 1998.

Chiwerengero chimodzi: 23 miliyoni. Awo ndi chiwerengero cha okwera omwe akhala ndi zikwama zochedwa kapena kutayika pazaka XNUMX zapitazi ndi ndege zazikulu.

Izi zitha kutembenuka chifukwa chamitengo yonyamula katundu - apaulendo akuyang'ana zikwama zochepa kuti apulumutse ndalama, ndipo oyendetsa ndege ati kuchepa kwama voliyumu kuyenera kuwalola kukonza kudalirika kwa katundu. Matumba ochepera amafufuzidwa amatanthauza kuti ndi zochepa zochepa zonyamula katundu zomwe zimatsalira chifukwa cha kulemera kwa ndege kapena onyamula katundu akulemedwa ndi kuchuluka komanso kusokoneza kulumikizana kwa ndege kapena masutikesi osokonekera. Mwachitsanzo, mu Julayi, mwezi wathunthu woyamba wa chindapusa kuti ayang'anire katundu aliyense, aku America akuti makasitomala ake adayang'ana matumba ochepera miliyoni poyerekeza ndi mu Julayi chaka chatha, ndipo kuchuluka kwa matumba osagwiritsidwa bwino ntchito kudatsika ndi 35%.

Air Transport Association, gulu lazamalonda lomwe likuyimira ndege, ikunena kuti dziko lonse ladzaza kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka ndege ndikuwonjezera kuchepa kwa maulendo apaulendo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matumba onyamulidwa pazaka XNUMX zapitazi. “Kuchedwa kumapangitsa kulumikizana kosaphonya. Maulumikizidwe omwe adasowa amabweretsa matumba osagwiridwa bwino, "atero mneneri wa ATA David Castelveter.

Ndege zokhala ndi mbiri yabwino yanthawi yake zilinso ndi mbiri yabwino yonyamula katundu, chifukwa kuchedwa kumatha kuyambitsa katundu wotsalira. Ndege zikamathamangira kukapeza ndandanda yawo, nthawi yapansi pakati paulendo wapaulendo imachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kulumikizana kwonyamula katundu.

Mwachitsanzo, aku America amayenda bwino pakunyamula katundu, ndi mitengo yonyamula katundu pafupifupi pafupifupi mpaka 2001. Komabe, kuyambira pamenepo, zawonjezeka chaka chilichonse, chifukwa kudalira ndege kwakanthawi kumachepetsanso. "Pali kulumikizana," akutero a Mark Dupont, wachiwiri kwa prezidenti wa oyang'anira ndege ku America. Kuyambira 2004 kupita mtsogolo, "zinthu zakhala zikuchepa mosasinthasintha - kudalirika komanso katundu."

Koma aku America, omwe akhala akugulitsa matumba osagwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri pakati pa ndege zazikulu m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya chaka chino, abwereranso kumbuyo kwa omwe akupikisana nawo pogula ukadaulo watsopano wopititsa patsogolo katundu. Ndege zina, mwachitsanzo, zakhala zikugwiritsa ntchito makina okhala ndi bar-code kwa zaka zingapo kuti aziyendetsa bwino zikwama ndikuwonetsetsa kuti thumba lililonse likulowetsedwa mundege yolondola.

American akuyesa mafoni pamageti 10 ku Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. Mayunitsi, okwera m'kabati ya mathirakitala omwe amayendetsa matumba pakati paulendo wolumikizana, amapatsa othamanga matumba zidziwitso zakanthawi panjira pakusintha kwa zipata ndi zina zakuwuluka kwawo kuposa mapepala omwe apatsidwa tsopano, omwe atha kukhala a 30 mphindi kapena kupitilira apo ndikusowa kusintha kwa zipata ndi zina.

Mavuto a katundu ndi omwe amakhumudwitsa kwambiri okwera ndege. Zikapezeka kuti zikwama zikusowa, nthawi zambiri ndege zoyendetsa ndege zimauza okwera kuti sakudziwa chomwe chachitika chikwamacho. Choyipa chachikulu, ngakhale kuti okwera ambiri tsopano amalipira chindapusa chomwe chitha kukhala chokwanira, ndege sizibweza ndalamazo ngati matumbawo sanafike paulendo wofanana ndi wokwera. Apaulendo omwe amayenera kudikirira maola kapena masiku kuti matumba apitsidwe nthawi zambiri amayenera kupereka madandaulo awo ku ndege kuti alandire chipukuta misozi, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabwera ngati ma vocha pamaulendo amtsogolo, m'malo mongobwezera ndalama zolipirira katundu.

Rafael Sabbagh Armony ndi mkazi wake anali kubwerera kwawo ku Brazil atatha tchuthi cha milungu iwiri ku US pomwe adakumana ndi mavuto aku America. Ndege yake yaku June 23 yaku America yochokera ku San Francisco kupita ku Miami yolumikizana ndi Rio de Janeiro idasinthidwa kupita ku Los Angeles kukafika mwadzidzidzi. Atadikirira maola opitilira asanu, aku America adakwera okwera ndege ina yomwe sidafike ku Miami mpaka 3 koloko m'mawa waku America idawapatsa mavocha a chipinda cha hotelo ndi chakudya, koma adanyamula katundu wawo kubwalo la ndege, ngakhale adafuna ' kunyamuka Miami mpaka 8:35 madzulo tsiku lotsatira.

A Armony ndi akazi awo atafika ku Brazil, adazindikira kuti katundu wawo sanafike nawo. Inali paulendo wotsatira, womwe sunakonzekere kufikira patadutsa maola awiri ndi theka.

“Tchuthi chomwecho ku United States chinali chabwino kwambiri. Tinkasangalala kwambiri kupezeka kumeneko, ”anatero Bambo Armony. Koma gawo la ndege lidandipweteka kwambiri. ”

A Dupont aku America akuti katunduyo adayenera kubwezedwa kwa banjali usiku womwewo ku Miami, kenako adawunikanso tsiku lotsatira ndikupita ku Brazil molondola.

Delta inali yabwinoko kuposa mafakitale apakati pamatumba otayika mpaka 2003; kuyambira pamenepo, zakhala zikuipiraipira kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwamakampani. Delta ikuti kutsimikiza mtima kwawo pakumanga malo ake ku Atlanta ndi New York-Kennedy kumatanthauza kuti zakale, makamaka katundu wanyumba m'malo amenewo adasokonezeka. Mwachitsanzo, ku Atlanta, madalaivala amatenga zikwama pakati pama terminals, chifukwa malamba onyamula samagwirizana ndi malo ambiri a Delta. Steve Gorman, wachiwiri kwa prezidenti wamkulu wa Delta akuti: "Zomangamanga zonyamula katundu ku Atlanta zidamangidwira gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a buku lomwe tikugwiritsa ntchito pano."

Ndegeyi ili pakati pa ndalama zokwana madola 100 miliyoni zomwe zimaphatikizapo malamba onyamula katundu ndi ukadaulo wazonyamula katundu. Chaka chino Delta idayamba kugwiritsa ntchito makina okhala ndi manja. Ndipo ukadaulo uthana ndi chifukwa china chomwe chimakhalapo matumba onyamulidwa: Katundu amene amafika ku Atlanta koma osalumikizana ndi ndege zopitilira maola awiri amatayidwa pamalo osungika - nthawi zina amaiwalika. Ogwira ntchito amayenera kuwapha nsomba pamanja kuti akwere ndege.

Kuwongolera kolimba kwakhazikika komwe kwachepetsa kulumikizana komwe kwasowa, a Mr. Gorman akuti, ndipo chaka chamawa, ukadaulo watsopano umangoyimitsa matumba ikafika nthawi yoti akwezenso zolumikizira ndege.

Kwa zaka 10 zapitazi, ma Continental, Southwest Airlines Co ndi Alaska Air Group Inc. a Alaska Airlines akhala akuchita bwino kwambiri posamalira katundu. Luso la Continental ndilodziwika chifukwa, mofanana ndi United, American ndi Delta, limayendetsa malo akuluakulu pabwalo la ndege, koma m'zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazi, katundu wake wonyamula katundu wakhala bwino kuposa ma eyapoti akuluakulu.

Mneneri akuti Continental yakhala ikuwona kubweretsa katundu ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kwazaka zambiri tsopano. "Kuuluka munthawi yake kumathandiza kwambiri, komanso kumafunanso ndalama pazida ndi machitidwe," akutero.

United, idatinso yatenga ukadaulo watsopano monga kusanthula bwino ndikutsata katundu, zasintha njira zotsitsira ndikusamutsa matumba pakati pa ndege, kukonza bwino oyendetsa katundu komanso kukhazikitsa malo oyang'anira katundu. Kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito munthawi yadzetsa kusamalira katundu pazaka zisanu zapitazi, nawonso, wolankhulira akuti.

Ndege idakumana ndi chipwirikiti mu 1999 ndi 2000 pakati pa mikangano ndi magulu ogwira ntchito ndipo idatha kukonzanso mabungwe mu 2002. Koma pofika 2007, kuchuluka kwa katundu kwa United kunali kwabwino kuposa Kumwera chakumadzulo. Pakadali pano chaka chino, zayenda bwino pang'ono kuposa zapakati pa anzawo.

United idakhala ndi chaka choyipitsitsa pazaka khumi zapitazi mu 1999, pomwe idasokoneza bwino matumba 7.79 pa okwera 1,000, kapena thumba limodzi lomwe lidatayika kwa okwera 128. Izi zikutanthauza kuti okwera ndege m'modzi pa mapaketi pamapeto pake amadzaza mafomu ndikudandaula ngati katundu wawo abwezedwa.

Kwa zaka zisanu zapitazi, US Airways Group Inc. yakhala yonyamula katundu wambiri pakati pa ndege zazikulu, kuphatikiza America West Airlines Inc. panthawiyi. (US Airways ndi America West zidalumikizana mu 2005.) Chaka chatha, pomwe kampaniyo idalimbana kwambiri pantchito zake chifukwa chazovuta zophatikiza ndege ziwirizi, idavutika kwambiri chaka chonyamula chilichonse chachikulu pazaka 10 zapitazi: US Airways inali Malipoti okwanira 8.47 okwera katundu okwera okwera 1,000, kapena lipoti limodzi kwa okwera 118 onse anyumba.

Ndege yakhala ikuyenda bwino chaka chino ndipo theka loyambirira la 2008 lakhala labwino kuposa Delta ndi American pantchito yonyamula katundu.