Makampani a ndege aku US asintha mitengo yamafuta pazovuta zamavuto

US ndege inatha 2008 mu makampani ang'onoang'ono ndi zochepa opindulitsa kuposa amene analowa, akuponya pafupifupi 9 peresenti ya mphamvu, kuyang'ana asanu ang'onoang'ono ndege liquidate, kukhetsa pafupifupi 28,000 ntchito nthawi zonse ndi kuyandikira $20 biliyoni mu zotayika ukonde.

Chaka chinayamba ndi kukwera mtengo kwamafuta, komwe kudafika pafupifupi $150 mbiya mu Julayi, ndiye mafuta atatsika, kutsika kwachuma kudapangitsa kuti anthu azifunikanso.

"Tikayang'ana m'mbuyo mu 2008, chilengedwe chinali chovuta kwambiri chaka chonse," adatero Larry Kellner, mkulu wa bungwe la Continental Airlines pa nthawi yolandira malipiro a chaka chonse mu Januwale. "Mitengo yamafuta osakanizidwa inali yosasunthika kwambiri, kukwera mpaka $147 pa mbiya mu Julayi, kenako kutsika mpaka $32 pa mbiya mu Disembala. Onjezani momwe ndalama zikuchulukirachulukira pomwe chuma chikuchepa, ndipo muli ndi magwiridwe antchito omwe takhala tikuwawona m'makampani athu kwazaka zambiri. ”

Onyamula katundu aku US adakhala mu 2008 akukonzanso zothana ndi mtengo wamafuta pochita bwino, kuchepetsa mphamvu, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu ndi njira zowonjezera zopezera ndalama, zomwe zidawapangitsa kukhala okonzeka kuthana ndi mavuto azachuma. Komabe malingaliro a phindu mu 2009 akadali odekha.

"M'malo mwake, tasintha mitengo yamafuta mu 2008 chifukwa chazovuta zapaulendo mu 2009," mkulu wa bungwe la American Airlines a Gerard Arpey adauza omwe amagulitsa ndalama mu Epulo. "Tikukumananso ndi zosokoneza m'misika yayikulu ndipo, monga kuchepa kwachuma komanso kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwa maulendo, kukhwimitsa misika yangongole ndizovuta, osati ku America kokha komanso kumakampani onse ndi mafakitale ena."

Kuchulukirachulukira kwa ntchito monga ndalama zowonongera kwambiri ndege mu 2008, mtengo wamafuta ndiwo adayendetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa ndege chaka chatha. Pozindikira kuti chiwonjezeko cha dola iliyonse mu mbiya yamafuta chimawonjezera $ 448 miliyoni pamitengo yotsika mtengo, bungwe la Air Transport Association lidawona kuti mtengo wamafuta unali pakati pa 30 peresenti ndi 40 peresenti ya ndalama zonse zoyendetsera onyamula ambiri chaka chatha - kuposa mbiri yakale kuyambira 10 mpaka 15 peresenti.

Ndege zinawononga ndalama zokwana $15.9 biliyoni pamafuta mu 2008 poyerekeza ndi 2007, malinga ndi katswiri wazachuma wa ATA John Heimlich.

"Ndalama zowonjezedwazi, zomwe zinali ndalama zazikulu kwambiri zapachaka zomwe takhala nazo, zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepera 5.3 peresenti," adatero Heimlich. "Kukwera kwamitengo kunali kwakukulu kotero kuti kunachepetsa kuchepa kwa magaloni opitilira biliyoni imodzi omwe adadyedwa. Zina mwa izo zidachitika mwaluso, zambiri kudzera m'mipata. ”

Pafupifupi $100 mbiya mu 2008, kusakhazikika kwamitengo yamafuta kudapangitsa kuti onyamula katundu atseke - zomwe zidakhala inshuwaransi yodula kwa ambiri.

"Pamene mtengo wa mafuta unayamba kutsika, imeneyo iyenera kukhala nkhani yabwino," anatero Don Carty, yemwe tsopano ndi mkulu wa bungwe la Virgin America ndi Porter Airlines. "Zinthu ziwiri zidapangitsa kuti izi ziipireipire: Chimodzi, chomwe sichinali chodzivulaza, chinali kulephera kwa zofuna zake. Chinthu chachiwiri, chomwe chinadzipweteka chokha, chinali oyendetsa ndege kuti, 'Aha! $100 mbiya yamafuta, ndiyenera kupeza ena mwa awa pamene mtengo wake uli wolondola.' Ndiye, ndithudi, inagwa.”

Pofuna kuthana ndi kukwera mtengo kwamafuta okwera kwambiri m'mbiri, oyendetsa ndege chaka chatha adachepetsa kuchuluka kwake, ndege zomwe zidapuma pantchito komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu. Pofika kotala lachinayi, makampani a US anali atachepetsa malo okhala pakhomo ndi 9 peresenti kuchokera ku gawo lachinayi la 2007. Onyamulira adayimitsa ndege m'chipululu, kuchepetsa maulendo, kugulitsa ndege zazikulu za ndege zazing'ono panjira zina ndikusiya misika ina palimodzi.

Lipoti la General Services Administration lomwe lidatulutsidwa mu Epulo lidati ma eyapoti 38 adataya ntchito zonse zandege mu 2008, "pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka komwe kunataya ntchito nthawi yomweyo mu 2006 ndi 2007." GAO idatinso ndege zaku US chaka chatha zidachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ndege zoyenda m'maboti awo ndi 18 peresenti "pochotsa ndege zambiri zakale, zosawotcha mafuta, ndi zing'onozing'ono - mipando 50 kapena yocheperapo."

Ndege zapanyumba chaka chatha zidakhalabe ndi mphamvu zogulira mitengo, ndikuyambitsa zolipiritsa zingapo, zolipiritsa ndi zowonjezera.

US Bureau of Transportation Statistics deta inasonyeza chaka chathunthu 2008 ndege zapakhomo zinakula ndi pafupifupi 7 peresenti, poyerekeza ndi 2007. Komabe, kuthekera kwa ndege kuonjezera mitengo kunazimiririka mwamsanga pamene kufunikira kunatsika m'gawo lachitatu, ndipo mitengo inatsika m'gawo lachinayi.

Rick Seaney, CEO wa Farecompare.com, adati onyamula kunyumba chaka chatha adayambitsa kukwera kwa 22, 15 mwa iwo adachita bwino. Komabe, kuyesa komaliza kwamakampaniwo kukwera mtengo mu 2008 kudabwera mu Julayi.

Makampani oyendetsa ndege adapeza njira zingapo zopezera ndalama popanda kukweza mtengo, kuyambira pakulipiritsa malo osankhidwa a makochi ndi chakudya mpaka kuyambitsa kutsika kwa intaneti komanso chindapusa cha katundu ndi mafuta owonjezera.

Malinga ndi deta ya BTS, ma 21 akuluakulu onyamula katundu ku US mu 2008 adapeza ndalama zokwana madola 1.1 biliyoni owonjezera katundu - chiwerengero chambiri chifukwa cha $ 15 chikwama choyamba ndi $ 25 chikwama chachiwiri chomwe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chatha.

"Kusokoneza ntchito," COO wa United Airlines a John Tague adauza osunga ndalama chaka chino. "Ndalama zomwe zimachokera kuzinthu ndi ntchitozi tsopano zatsimikiziridwa komanso zothandiza kwambiri ku United States. Lingaliro lathu pankhaniyi ndi losavuta: Dziwani zomwe makasitomala athu amazikonda komanso omwe ali okonzeka kulipirira.

Chodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri pakati pa makampani akuluakulu a ndege chaka chino chikupitirizabe kubweza kochititsa chidwi, makamaka kuchokera kumagulu amakampani omwe amapereka zokolola zambiri, zomwe-miyezi isanu pachaka-zinawonetsa zizindikiro zochepa za kuchira.

Malinga ndi GAO, kutsika kwa magalimoto okwera chaka ndi chaka kudayamba mgawo lachiwiri la chaka chatha ndipo pofika kotala yachinayi, kuchuluka kwa okwera kudatsika pafupifupi 8 peresenti kuyambira nthawi yomweyi mu 2007.

Epulo 2009 malipoti amayendedwe apandege adawonetsa zisonyezo zina zakusintha m'mwezi wa Marichi ndipo oyang'anira ndege adawonetsa kukhazikika kwa ndalama komanso kuchepa kwa kufunikira.

Onyamula katundu asunga zinthu zambiri zonyamula katundu, zikomo kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu ndi mitengo yotsika, koma ndalama zapachaka zimapitilira kutsika kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto.

ATA mwezi watha mu lipoti la April 2009 magalimoto anati chiwerengero cha okwera chinatsika ndi 6.3 peresenti kuyambira April 2008, koma ndalama zokwera ndege zinali zotsika ndi 18 peresenti-kugawanika komwe kumasonyeza kufooka pakupanga ndalama zonyamula anthu.

GAO m’lipoti lake inanena kuti, “Kufunika kwa maulendo apandege tsopano kukuoneka kukhala kocheperapo kusiyana ndi mmene ankayembekezera—makamaka pakati pa anthu apaulendo amalonda ndi ochokera m’mayiko ena—ndipo ndalama zimene amapeza zikucheperachepera. Masiku ano, zomwe makampani angachite kuti apindule mu 2009 sizikudziwika.

Monga zonyamulira zina zazikulu, AirTran Airways idatsata phindu la 2007 ndi chiwonongeko cha 2008 - $273 miliyoni. Komabe, AirTran inali imodzi mwa ndege zazikulu zochepa zomwe zinatha kusintha chuma chake m'gawo loyamba la 2009, ndikutumiza phindu la $ 28.7 miliyoni, "lomwe likuyimira ndalama zonse za kotala loyamba la kampani," CEO Bob. Fornaro adauza osunga ndalama.

Fornaro ati zomwe zapindulazo zidachepa chifukwa chotsika mtengo wamafuta, kulemba zinthu zomwe zimachulukira kotala ndi njira zina zochepetsera mtengo. AirTran kumapeto kwa chaka chatha adaba chovalacho kumwera chakumadzulo ngati ndege yotsika mtengo kwambiri.

Ngakhale chonyamuliracho chakhala chikukulirakulirabe m'mbiri yake yonse, AirTran ikukwezanso mphamvu chaka chino ndi 4 peresenti kuti ithane ndi kutsika kofunikira.

Kwa 2009, Fornaro adati, "Cholinga chathu chachikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti tisamakhale momwe tinaliri mu 2008, ndipo ndizomwe zimatilimbikitsa. Sindikuganiza kuti muwona chifukwa chokulirapo mu 2010, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti ngati mukuwona kukula kulikonse kwamakampani, ndi miyezi 18 mpaka zaka ziwiri.

Popereka chiwongola dzanja chambiri pakati pa ndege zapanyumba, Fornaro adati, "Tikuyembekeza kukhala ndi chaka chabwino ndipo tikuyembekeza kukhala opindulitsa kotala lililonse, koma nditanena izi, sindikuganiza zowonjezera chaka chino chifukwa tili ndi malo omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa ndipo tikuyembekezera kuti zisinthe. ”

Alaska Airlines idataya chaka chonse cha 2008 pafupifupi $136 miliyoni, zomwe akuti zidachitika chifukwa cha kutchingira mafuta, kugulitsa ndege komanso kuchotsedwa ntchito. Kupatula zinthuzo, Alaska imapeza phindu losinthidwa la $ 16.4 miliyoni mu 2008.

Alaska Air Group, yomwe ili ndi Alaska Airlines ndi Horizon Air, inataya ndalama zokwana madola 19.2 miliyoni mu kotala yoyamba - kuchepetsa $ 37.3 miliyoni mu inki yofiira yomwe inatumizidwa kwa nthawi yomweyi mu 2008. Alaska Airlines chaka chatha inachepetsa mphamvu yachinayi ndi 8 peresenti. pomwe Horizon idadula malo okhalapo pafupifupi 20 peresenti pagawo lachinayi, poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi mu 2007.

Ngakhale ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu zake mwaukali, kukulirakulira kwa ndalama zopezera ndalama ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mitengo mu 2008, American Airlines sinathe kufananiza phindu lomwe linatumizidwa mu 2006 ndi 2007. gawo loyamba la chaka chino - ndi ndalama zophatikizira zokwera zotsika ndi 2008 peresenti m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira.

American ikupitilizabe kuwona kufooka pakufunidwa ndi mitengo - ngakhale oyang'anira mu Epulo adati mphukira zobiriwira zikuwonekera, ngakhale sizinali zokwanira kupitilira zomwe zikufunidwa komanso kuchepa kwa ndalama.

Ntchito zotsekera zidapulumutsa wonyamula $ 380 miliyoni mu 2008, ndipo kotala loyamba mu 2009, Arpey adati America "inalipira pafupifupi $ 550 miliyoni pamtengo wamafuta kuposa momwe tikanalipira pamitengo ya kotala yoyamba ya chaka chatha, ndipo monga mukukumbukira, kotala loyamba. mitengo yamafuta ya 2008 inali yocheperako poyerekeza ndi momwe zinalili chaka chatha.” Komabe, Arpey adati, "Tsoka ilo, kuchepa kwakukulu kumeneku kudachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ndalama."

Wonyamula katundu chaka chatha adatsogola pakuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa US, kuchepetsa malo okhalapo mu gawo lachinayi ndi 12 peresenti. America chaka chino ikukulitsa kuchepa kwa misika yapadziko lonse lapansi kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa mayiko ndi 2.5% chaka chino, pamwamba pa kuchepetsa 2.7 peresenti mu 2008.

Ngakhale CFO waku America Tom Horton adauza osunga ndalama kuti kotala loyamba chaka chino, "Ndalama zamakampani zikupitilirabe kutsutsidwa, pomwe ndalama zapachaka zimatsika kwambiri kuposa momwe amagwirira ntchito," Arpey mu memo kwa antchito adati wonyamulayo "adasankha. khazikitsani maakaunti amakampani atsopano m'miyezi yapitayi."

Komabe, American idati ikuyembekezera mwachidwi kuyenda kwamabizinesi kubwereranso mu theka lachiwiri la chaka.

"Ndikuganiza kuti makampani ambiri, ngati mbiri ili chizindikiro, sangakhale otanganidwa chifukwa kuyenda ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la bizinesi yawo, choncho ayenera kukhala ndi misonkhano yogulitsa malonda, ayenera kupita kumisonkhano, ayenera kuimba nyimbo. pangani bizinesi, "adatero Arpey.

Pakadali pano, wonyamulirayo akuyembekeza kuti dipatimenti ya Transportation ivomereze ntchito yake yoteteza chitetezo chamthupi ndi British Airways ndi Iberia Airlines mu theka lachiwiri la chaka, zomwe zingathandize onyamulawo kukonzekera limodzi ndandanda, kuyika mitengo, kugawana ndalama ndikukulitsa makasitomala panjira zodutsa Atlantic. .

Continental Airlines idataya chaka chathunthu cha 2008 kufika $585 miliyoni, poyerekeza ndi mabiliyoni ambiri otayika omwe adatumizidwa ndi ndege zina zolowa.

Continental inatchula mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa mafuta chifukwa cha kutayika kwake chaka chatha, pamene idalipira $ 5.9 biliyoni pa mpope, pafupifupi $ 2 biliyoni kuposa momwe inalipira mu 2007. Pambuyo pa mtengo wamafuta adakwera mu Julayi, nkhawa zofunidwa zidayamba kuwononga nkhawa.

"Kuyambira mu Okutobala, tidayamba kuwona kuwononga ndalama kwachuma chifukwa chakuchepa kwachuma," adatero Purezidenti Jeff Smisek panthawi yomwe amalandila ndalama chaka chonse chaka chino.

Kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto komanso kutsika kwa zokolola kudapangitsa kuti Continental inene za kutayika kwa $ 136 miliyoni kotala loyamba chaka chino. Dziko la Continental linanena kuti katundu wake wokhazikika ndiye chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu komanso mitengo yotsika kuposa kufunikira kwaumoyo, ndikuzindikira kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa ndalama.

Smisek pakuyimba ndalama kotala kotala yoyamba mu Epulo adati 2009 ili ndi zovuta zingapo, chifukwa ngakhale apaulendo omwe amapita ku mlengalenga akuchita izi pamitengo yotsika. Smisek ananena kuti “kuchepetsa malamulo ena okwera mtengo, motero kumachepetsa mipanda ya bizinesi ndi zosangalatsa komanso kulola oyenda bizinesi kusungitsa mitengo yotsika kwambiri.”

Continental pofika kotala lachinayi chaka chatha idachepetsa mphamvu zake zazikulu ndi 8 peresenti. Chaka chino, ikuyembekezeka kutsika mpaka 5 peresenti, pomwe mayiko atsika ndi 3 peresenti.

Potengera kuphatikizika kwa ma SkyTeam ogwirizana ndi Delta ndi Kumpoto chakumadzulo, Continental ikusintha kukhulupirika kwa mgwirizano ku Star Alliance-yolimbikitsidwa ndi mgwirizano ndi United, Lufthansa ndi Air Canada omwe adalandira chivomerezo cha DOT mu Epulo. Continental idati ituluka mu SkyTeam pa Oct. 24 ndikusinthira ku Star.

Mgwirizano wophatikizana ndi Delta Air Lines ndi Northwest Airlines mwina ulephera kulimbikitsa ndege zina kuti zipite patsogolo ndi makonzedwe ofananirako, koma kufuna kwawo kukhala ndege yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi kudapambana mu Okutobala pomwe Dipatimenti Yachilungamo ku US idavomereza komaliza.

Kutayika kwakukulu kwa wonyamulira $8.9 biliyoni kwa chaka chonse cha 2008 kumabwera chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwamafuta, zowonongera zokhudzana ndi kutseka kuphatikizika, kubweza ngongole ndi kubetcha komwe sikunachitike pakutchingira mafuta. Ziwerengero zazaka zonse zikuphatikizanso data ya Kumpoto chakumadzulo pamene kuphatikiza kwawo kudatsekedwa pa Oct. 29, 2008.

"Ngati mutasiya zinthu zamtengo wapatali komanso zotsatira za ma hedges a mafuta omwe atuluka kunja kwa nthawi, Delta inanena kuti chaka chonse chataya $ 503 miliyoni," pulezidenti Ed Bastian anauza osunga ndalama chaka chino. "Tikuzindikira kuti kutanthauzira zotsatira zathu zachuma kungakhale kovuta komanso kovutirapo m'magawo angapo otsatirawa, chifukwa pansi pa Mfundo Zovomerezeka Zovomerezeka Zowerengera tikuyenera kuyerekeza zotsatira zathu zonse za Delta ndi Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwanthawi ino ndi Delta yodziyimira yokha yomwe yatuluka m'mbuyomu. chaka.”

Ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsa makamaka kumbuyo kwake, Delta ikuyembekeza kuyamba kukolola chaka chino ndikukwaniritsa $ 2 biliyoni mu mgwirizano wapachaka ndi 2012. Delta ndi Northwest akupitiriza kugwirizanitsa ntchito, kuyembekezera chiphaso chimodzi chogwiritsira ntchito kuchokera ku US Federal Aviation Administration kumapeto kwa chaka. 2009 ndi nsanja yophatikizika yosungirako koyambirira kwa 2010.

Kubetcha koyipa pakuyika mafuta kunathandizira kupangitsa kuti wonyamulayo awonongeke $693 miliyoni kotala loyamba chaka chino. Komabe, CEO Richard Anderson adauza osunga ndalama kuti, "Kupatula zinthu zapadera komanso kuwonongeka kwamafuta a $ 684 miliyoni, tinali ndi kotala limodzi."

Ndalama zonse za Delta zidatsika ndi 15 peresenti mgawo loyamba la chaka chino. Ngakhale wonyamulirayo akupitilizabe kunena zokolola zofewa, ndalama zowonjezera, kuphatikiza zolipirira katundu, zidabweretsa $900 miliyoni mgawo loyamba, kukwera ndi 18 peresenti kuyambira nthawi yomweyi mu 2008.

"Tawona zizindikiro zina za bata monga momwe ndalama zikuwonekera kuti zatsika, koma kudakali msanga kuyimba ndipo tikuyembekeza kukumana ndi mphepo yamkuntho mu 2009," malinga ndi Anderson.

Kuti agwirizane ndi kufunikira kochepa, Delta inachotsa 10 peresenti ya mphamvu zake zapakhomo mu theka lachiwiri la 2008. Wonyamula katunduyo mu September ayamba kuchepetsa malo omwe alipo padziko lonse ndi 10 peresenti.

CFO Hank Halter adauza osunga ndalama panthawi yomwe amalandila ndalama za kotala yoyamba, "Kwa chaka chonse, tikuyembekezerabe kukhala opindulitsa chifukwa kuphatikiza ma synergies, komanso phindu la kutsika kwamitengo yamafuta ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu, kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa ndalama."

Pofotokoza za kutayika kwa $ 76 miliyoni kwa chaka chonse cha 2008 kwa osunga ndalama chaka chino, wamkulu wa JetBlue Airways a Dave Barger adati, "Ngakhale sitisangalala kunena kuti zatayika, chifukwa mtengo wathu wamafuta wa 2008 unakwera $400 miliyoni poyerekeza ndi 2007, ndikukhulupiriradi kuti ndalama zathu zatayika. timu yachita bwino kwambiri. "

Pofuna kuchepetsa kukwera mtengo kwamafuta, chonyamulira chaka chathacho chinasintha ntchito zambiri kuchokera kunjira zodutsa kumayiko ena kupita kumalo osangalalira, kuchulukitsa ndalama zake zowonjezera, kulipiritsa mitengo yayitali kwambiri m'mbiri yake komanso kwanthawi yoyamba kutsitsa ukonde. "Tachepetsa kukula kwathu pazaka zingapo zapitazi," adatero Barger, ndikuzindikira kuti kotala yoyamba ya 2009, kuchuluka kudatsika ndi 5 peresenti. Kuchepetsako kudapangitsa kuti wonyamulirayo azilipiritsa mitengo yokwera chaka chatha, adatero, ndikuzindikira kuti mtengo wapakati wa JetBlue udakula ndi 13 peresenti mu 2008 mchaka cha 2007 komanso kuti kampaniyo idatumiza ndalama zake zokwera mwezi uliwonse m'mbiri yake mu Disembala pa $151 njira imodzi.

"Tinapindula chifukwa choganizira kwambiri za ndalama zowonjezera, zomwe zidakula pafupifupi 90 peresenti pachaka mpaka pafupifupi $350 miliyoni mu 2008, zomwe zikuyimira pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya ndalama zomwe timapeza," adatero Barger.

Wonyamula katundu m'chaka chapitacho anasintha maganizo ake kuchoka ku misewu yake ya mkate ndi batala - yomwe kale inali ndi 50 peresenti ya maukonde ake, tsopano kufika pafupifupi 30 peresenti - kupita ku Caribbean kopita kokasangalala. M'gawo loyamba, mphamvu za transcontinental zidatsika pafupifupi 30 peresenti pomwe zikukula pafupifupi 40 peresenti pakati pa United States ndi Caribbean.

Pamodzi ndi AirTran, JetBlue inali ndege yokhayo yayikulu yakunyumba yomwe idatumiza phindu kotala loyamba, lomwe linali $12 miliyoni. "Zomwe tachita m'zaka zingapo zapitazi kuti timange mtundu wathu, kuchepetsa mphamvu, kulimbikitsa ndalama komanso kulimbikitsa chuma chathu zatithandiza kuthana ndi zovuta zachuma chofooka," adatero Barger. "Tikuyembekeza kupeza phindu m'gawo lililonse la 2009."

Mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chake chazaka 36 chochita phindu pachaka, Southwest Airlines inali yokhayo yonyamula katundu m'nyumba yomwe inamaliza mukuda mu 2008 - zikomo kwambiri chifukwa cha malo ake opangira mafuta. Ngakhale wonyamulirayo adapunthwa pakutayika kosowa kotala lachitatu ndi lachinayi chaka chatha, Kumwera chakumadzulo kudapereka phindu la $ 178 miliyoni pachaka chathunthu.

Pamene mtengo wa crude unatsika, ubwino wakumwera chakumadzulo udasanduka chiwongola dzanja. "Ma hedges amafuta akumwera chakumadzulo, omwe anali gwero la mpikisano waukulu m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, adasanduka chiwopsezo chachikulu," katswiri wofufuza za ndege ku UBS Kevin Crissey adalemba m'mawu ofufuza chaka chino, ndikuzindikira kuti chonyamuliracho ndi "ndalama zambiri. ndege zina kuposa momwe zakhalira kwa nthawi yayitali. "

Mkulu wa kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Gary Kelly adati "kutchingira mafuta kwatipulumutsa $4 biliyoni mzaka khumi zokhazi," ngakhale kuti phindu likucheperachepera pamitengo yotsika mtengo yamsika, wonyamula "adachotsa" mafuta ake mu 2009 ndikutchingira pafupifupi 10 peresenti. kutsika kuchokera pa 60 peresenti yomwe idakonzedwa poyamba.

Bilu yamafuta akumwera chakumadzulo kwa chaka ndi chaka kotala loyamba idatsika kuposa $170 miliyoni. Komabe, wonyamulirayo ananena kuti anataya ndalama zokwana madola 20 miliyoni m’miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya chaka, kuimira kutayika kwake koyamba koyambirira kwa kotala kuyambira 1991. Kwa nthawi yoyamba m’mbiri yake, Kum’mwera chakumadzulo kukucheperachepera mphamvu ya ukonde, kuyembekezera kuti malo okhala makilomita angapo akhalepo. zatsika pafupifupi 5 peresenti chaka chino.

"Ngakhale zili choncho, ndife okondwa kuti titha chaka chino kupitiliza kukulitsa mapu athu, kotero ngakhale sitikuwonjezera ntchito yathu yoyendetsa ndege, tikusamutsa maulendo athu ena ku mwayi watsopano, ” Kelly adauza osunga ndalama mu Epulo.

Kumwera chakumadzulo akusintha mbiri yake yoyang'ana kwambiri ntchito zopita kumalo ena a ndege ndikukulitsa kupezeka kwake m'ma eyapoti akuluakulu monga Boston, Milwaukee ndi Minneapolis, ndipo kulowa kwake mumsika wa New York City ndi ntchito ku LaGuardia akuyenera kuyambitsa izi. mwezi.

Njira yaulamuliro wa Airdiosis ku Maulamuliro Ogwiritsa Ntchito, Ndalama Zokhala ndi Recillary Revenation SETRASET POWERS FORDELARD ALIYENSE ALIYENSE ALIYENSE ALIYENSE WABWINO Pakutchingira mafuta, kampaniyo idataya chaka chonse cha $ 5.3 biliyoni.

Wonyamula katunduyo chaka chatha adasokoneza ntchito zake molimba mtima ndipo akuyembekeza kupeza $ 1.2 biliyoni kuchokera ku chindapusa ndi ndalama zowonjezera chaka chino, kuchokera pa $300 miliyoni mu 2008.

United mu February 2008 inali yoyamba kulengeza chiwongola dzanja cha thumba lachiwiri cha $25, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo yatulutsa njira zoyendera za la carte zomwe zimaphatikizapo chindapusa choyamba, Award Accelerator, chomwe chimakulitsa kuchuluka kwa maulendo apaulendo pafupipafupi. , kutumiza katundu wa khomo ndi khomo mogwirizana ndi FedEx, njira ya Premier Line, yomwe imalola okwera omwe sali osankhika kuyenda mofulumira kudzera mu chitetezo, ndi mipando ya Economy Plus, yomwe owulutsa amatha kulipira ndalama kuti akweze.

United chaka chatha idachotsa pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya malo ake okhalapo, ndipo mphamvu yaku US idatsika ndi 14 peresenti mgawo lachinayi. Wonyamula katundu m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya 2009 adachepetsa malo okhala padziko lonse lapansi pafupifupi 14 peresenti.

Kupitiliza kulipira mtengo wamabetcha oyipa amafuta, United kotala yoyamba chaka chino idataya $242 miliyoni, zomwe zidathandizira kutayika kwake kokwanira $579 miliyoni kotala.

Kukwera mtengo kwamafuta, $356 miliyoni yolephera kuwononga ndalama zotchingira ndi ndalama zina zapadera zidathandizira US Airways kutayika $2.2 biliyoni chaka chatha. Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu, "Tidachitapo kanthu mwamphamvu kuti tithane ndi mitengo yamafuta okwera, monga kuchepetsa mphamvu, kukhazikitsa chindapusa chatsopano ndikuwonjezera ndalama zathu m'malo ovuta kwambiri angongole," CEO Doug Parker adauza osunga ndalama chaka chino.

US Airways m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya 2009 idataya ndalama zokwana $103 miliyoni, pomwe kutchingira mafuta kukupitilira kuyipitsa tsamba lake - ngakhale Parker adauza osunga ndalama mu Epulo, "Kupindula ndi kutayika sizinthu zanthawi yayitali, koma zambiri. zovuta za nthawi. ”

Wonyamula katundu mgawo loyamba adawona kuti kupatula kuwonongeka kwa hedging ndi zinthu zapadera, US Airways ikadataya ndalama zokwana $63 miliyoni zokha.

M'gawo loyamba la 2009, US Airways idapitilira kuwona kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwa bizinesi ndikuchepetsa zokolola kuchokera kwa omwe adapitako panthawi yopuma, "pamene makampani adatengera kuchotsera mwankhanza kuti akwaniritse mipando," adatero Parker mu Epulo. "Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mpumulo woyezedwa ndi katundu udali wamphamvu."

Parker amayembekeza kuti njira zopezera ndalama za US Airways ndi ntchito zake, kuphatikiza zolipirira katundu, zipanga pakati pa $400 miliyoni ndi $500 miliyoni chaka chino.

Wonyamulirayo akuyembekeza kuti mphamvu zapakhomo zidzatsika mpaka 10 peresenti chaka chino ndipo mtunda wa makilomita omwe ulipo udzatsika mpaka 6 peresenti pa 2008. "Chifukwa cha kufooka kwachuma padziko lonse ndi kusatsimikizika, 2009 imakhala yovuta kufotokozera," adatero Parker.