Zotsatira Zatsopano za Jupiter Kuchokera ku NASA Juno Probe

Ofufuza adafalitsa mapepala angapo pa zomwe Juno adatulukira mumlengalenga lero mu magazini ya Science ndi Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. Mapepala owonjezera adawonekera m'makalata awiri aposachedwa a Geophysical Research Letters.

Lori Glaze, yemwe ndi mkulu wa bungwe la NASA la sayansi ya mapulaneti ku likulu la bungweli ku Washington, anati: "Zotsatira zatsopanozi za Juno zikutithandiza kudziwa zambiri zatsopano zokhudza Jupiter. "Pepala lililonse limafotokoza mbali zosiyanasiyana za mlengalenga wa dziko lapansi - chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha momwe magulu athu asayansi osiyanasiyana padziko lonse amalimbikitsira kumvetsetsa kwa mapulaneti athu."

Juno adalowa m'njira ya Jupiter mu 2016. Paulendo uliwonse wa 37 wapadziko lapansi pano, zida zapadera zakhala zikuyang'ana pansi pa mtambo wake wachipwirikiti.

"M'mbuyomu, Juno adatidabwitsa ndikuwonetsa kuti zochitika mumlengalenga wa Jupiter zidapita mozama kuposa momwe amayembekezera," atero a Scott Bolton, wofufuza wamkulu wa Juno wa ku Southwest Research Institute ku San Antonio komanso wolemba wamkulu wa Journal Science pepala pakuzama kwa vortices ya Jupiter. "Tsopano, tikuyamba kuyika zidutswa zonsezi pamodzi ndikupeza chidziwitso chathu choyamba cha momwe nyengo yokongola komanso yachiwawa ya Jupiter imagwirira ntchito - mu 3D."

Juno's microwave radiometer (MWR) imalola asayansi a mishoni kuyang'ana pansi pamtambo wa Jupiter ndikufufuza momwe mafunde ake amadzimadzi ambiri. Mphepo yamkuntho yodziwika kwambiri ndi anticyclone yodziwika bwino yotchedwa Great Red Spot. Chokulirapo kuposa Dziko Lapansi, kapezi wofiirira wachititsa chidwi asayansi kuyambira pomwe adatulukira pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri zapitazo.

Zotsatira zatsopano zikuwonetsa kuti mvula yamkuntho imakhala yotentha pamwamba, yokhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa mumlengalenga, pamene imakhala yozizira pansi, ndipo imakhala yochuluka kwambiri. Ma anticyclone, omwe amazungulira mbali ina, amakhala ozizira pamwamba koma ofunda pansi.

Zomwe zapezazi zikuwonetsanso kuti mkunthowu ndi wautali kwambiri kuposa momwe amayembekezeredwa, pomwe ena amatalika ma 60 miles (100 kilometers) pansi pa nsonga zamtambo ndi ena, kuphatikiza Great Red Spot, yopitilira ma 200 miles (350 kilomita). Kutulukira kodabwitsa kumeneku kumasonyeza kuti mafundewa amakuta madera amene madzi amaundana ndi kupanga mitambo, kumunsi kwa kuya kumene kuwala kwa dzuŵa kumatenthetsa mpweya. 

Kutalika ndi kukula kwa Great Red Spot kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa mumlengalenga mumkuntho womwe ungathe kuzindikirika ndi zida zowerengera mphamvu yokoka ya Jupiter. Maulendo awiri oyandikira a Juno pa malo otchuka kwambiri a Jupiter adapereka mwayi wofufuza siginecha yokoka ya mkuntho ndikukwaniritsa zotsatira za MWR pakuzama kwake. 

Ndi Juno akuyenda motsika pamwamba pa mtambo wa Jupiter pafupifupi 130,000 mph (209,000 kph) asayansi a Juno adatha kuyeza kusintha kwa liwiro ngati 0.01 millimita pa sekondi imodzi pogwiritsa ntchito mlongoti wa NASA wa Deep Space Network, kuchokera pa mtunda wa mailosi oposa 400 miliyoni (650). miliyoni miliyoni). Izi zinathandiza gululi kutsekereza kuya kwa Great Red Spot kufika pafupifupi ma 300 miles (500 kilometers) pansi pa mitambo.

"Kulondola komwe kumafunikira kuti mphamvu yokoka ya Great Red Spot pa Julayi 2019 ikuwuluke ndi yodabwitsa," atero a Marzia Parisi, wasayansi wa Juno wa NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory ku Southern California komanso mlembi wamkulu wa pepala mu Journal Science on gravity overflights of the Malo Akulu Ofiira. "Kutha kukwaniritsa zomwe MWR adapeza pakuzama kumatipatsa chidaliro chachikulu kuti kuyesa kwamphamvu yokoka kwa Jupiter kudzakhalanso ndi zotsatira zochititsa chidwi." 

Malamba ndi Zone

Kuphatikiza pa mvula yamkuntho ndi anticyclones, Jupiter amadziwika chifukwa cha malamba ndi madera ake - magulu oyera ndi ofiira amitambo omwe amazungulira dziko lapansi. Mphepo zamphamvu zakum’maŵa ndi kumadzulo zikuyenda molunjika mbali zosiyana zimalekanitsa maguluwo. Juno adapeza kale kuti mphepo izi, kapena kuti mitsinje ya jet, imafika kuya kwa mailosi pafupifupi 2,000 (pafupifupi makilomita 3,200). Ofufuza akuyesabe kuthetsa chinsinsi cha momwe mitsinje ya jet imapangidwira. Zambiri zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi a Juno's MWR panthawi yodutsa maulendo angapo zikuwonetsa chotheka: kuti mpweya wa ammonia wam'mlengalenga umayenda m'mwamba ndi pansi mogwirizana modabwitsa ndi mitsinje ya jet.

"Potsatira ammonia, tinapeza maselo ozungulira kumpoto ndi kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi omwe ali ofanana mwachilengedwe ndi 'Ferrel cell,' omwe amawongolera nyengo yathu pano Padziko Lapansi", anatero Keren Duer, wophunzira wophunzira ku Weizmann Institute. of Science ku Israel komanso wolemba wamkulu wa Journal Science pepala pa Ferrel-ngati ma cell pa Jupiter. "Ngakhale kuti Dziko Lapansi lili ndi selo imodzi ya Ferrel pa hemisphere iliyonse, Jupiter ili ndi eyiti - iliyonse yayikulu kuwirikiza 30."

Zambiri za Juno's MWR zikuwonetsanso kuti malamba ndi madera amasintha mozungulira ma 40 miles (65 kilomita) pansi pa mitambo yamadzi ya Jupiter. Pakuya kwambiri, malamba a Jupiter amawala mu kuwala kwa microwave kuposa madera oyandikana nawo. Koma pazigawo zakuya, pansi pa mitambo yamadzi, zosiyana ndizowona - zomwe zimasonyeza kufanana kwa nyanja zathu.

Leigh Fletcher, wasayansi wa ku yunivesite ya Juno, anati: "Tikutcha kuti "Jovicline" m'malo osinthika omwe amapezeka m'nyanja zapadziko lapansi, zomwe zimatchedwa thermocline. wa Leicester ku United Kingdom komanso wolemba wamkulu wa pepala mu Journal of Geophysical Research: Mapulaneti omwe akuwunikira zomwe Juno adawona pamiyendo yotentha ya Jupiter ndi madera.

Ma Cyclones a Polar

Juno adapeza kale ma polygonal mafunde a mkuntho waukulu wa cyclonic pamitengo yonse ya Jupiter - zisanu ndi zitatu zokonzedwa mwa njira ya octagonal kumpoto ndi zisanu zokonzedwa mopendekera kumwera. Tsopano, patatha zaka zisanu, asayansi a mishoni pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe a Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) wa chombocho awona kuti zochitika za mumlengalengazi ndizolimba kwambiri, kukhalabe pamalo omwewo.

"Mphepo yamkuntho ya Jupiter imakhudza kayendetsedwe ka wina ndi mzake, kuwapangitsa kuti asamayende bwino," atero Alessandro Mura, wofufuza wina wa Juno ku National Institute for Astrophysics ku Rome komanso wolemba wamkulu wa pepala laposachedwa mu Geophysical Research Letters pa oscillations ndi bata. mu mvula yamkuntho ya Jupiter. "Makhalidwe akuyenda pang'onopang'ono uku akuwonetsa kuti ali ndi mizu yozama."

Zambiri za JIRAM zikuwonetsanso kuti, monga mphepo yamkuntho Padziko Lapansi, mikunthoyi ikufuna kusuntha molunjika, koma mvula yamkuntho yomwe ili pakatikati pa mtengo uliwonse imakankhira kumbuyo. Izi zikufotokozera komwe mphepo yamkuntho imakhala komanso manambala osiyanasiyana pamtengo uliwonse.